The New York Times International - 11.08.2026.pdf

节奏权利

AI 音乐合法性指南

第11页 / 科技

魅力之城 迷恋赫尔辛基设计

第15页 / 旅行

连辣椒都难以承受的高温 气候无常重创巴基斯坦农作物

第5页 / 国际

纽约时报

国际版 / 2020年8月11日 星期二

他的拱门

不过是个开始

保罗·戈德伯格

观点

华盛顿拟建的“特朗普凯旋门” 与其说是一座浮夸的摩天大楼，不如说是一场透明的对话——如果建成，它将彻底改变美国首都的景观。这或许正是特朗普总统急于尽快落成的原因。它将成为一座无法回避的总统纪念碑，而许多美国人宁愿将其彻底遗忘，或至少不愿高调面对。他深知，一旦建成，任何人都难以将其拆除。

华盛顿的变化本应缓慢而审慎，且已有相应机制确保这一点。上周，国家公园管理局表示，这座拱门不仅会阻挡林肯纪念堂与阿灵顿国家公墓之间的视线走廊，还将影响华盛顿另外20处地标性建筑。这预示了特朗普政府对历史保护的漠视态度。目前，特朗普政府正在推动一项进程，使得在华盛顿乃至全国范围内拆除历史建筑和景观变得更加容易。公园管理局的意见是在《第106条款》审查过程中提出的，该条款是过去30年来最有效的历史保护工具之一。其名称源于1966年《国家历史保护法》中的一项条款，要求在批准任何使用联邦资金或可能影响国家历史遗迹名录内建筑或景观的项目之前，必须评估其对历史遗迹的影响，并征求公众意见。特朗普政府近期提议的修改将使这类审查流程陷入瘫痪。若修改生效，拱门和东翼半城背后的破坏性举措将仅仅是个开始。

第106条款历来在促进协商与妥协方面成效卓著。它并不禁止变革甚至拆除，但规定必须努力“避免、替代或减轻”对历史遗迹的任何损害。正是这项法律的合理性，可能正是特朗普政府决心将其废除的原因。过去，戈德伯格，保罗是：

《纽约时报》刊发来自各方观点的评论，旨在就重大问题促进建设性辩论。

内西·克扎与其他居民在约翰内斯堡郊区游行，当天是南非宣布的反移民暴力事件中要求外国人离境的最后期限。

“我们告诉过你离开”

约翰内斯堡

排外情绪演变为暴力浪潮席卷南非

作者：约翰·利利贡 及德瓦纳·马蒂瓦内

去年10月一个晴朗的早晨，内西·克赫扎和她自称的爱国者队伍守在约翰内斯堡一家公共卫生诊所的入口处，试图按照他们的设想塑造南非。

早上7点30分大门开启时，这群人要求每一位试图进入的人出示证件，声称只有南非人才能入内。

“你是尼日利亚人，亲爱的，”邦吉·恩松古加——克赫扎女士的盟友之一——对一名年轻女子说道，并将其拒之门外，理由是尽管她持有南非身份证，但姓氏是尼日利亚的。

“看起来像是造假，”克赫扎女士的另一名同伴在一名女子表示其父母来自莫桑比克后，如此评价她的南非身份证。

19岁的克赫扎是两个孩子的母亲，她无权决定谁能进入这家公共诊所。

桑德拉及其家人被激进分子赶出家园。桑德拉是一名来自刚果民主共和国的移民，在南非生活了近半辈子。

相反，她是一名迷失的士兵，隶属于一个组织严密的激进网络，不择手段地骚扰南非的移民。这些移民大多来自非洲其他国家，为寻求机会来到这个非洲最大的经济体。

民调显示，越来越多的南非人对移民持敌对态度，并希望政府采取更多措施阻止移民的大量流入。全国范围内已爆发抗议和暴力事件。近期，300万次抗议中，移民遭到袭击甚至杀害，被赶出家园和生意场所。

尽管缺乏证据，许多南非人将犯罪、抢夺工作机会和消耗宝贵公共资源的责任归咎于移民，而这个国家正面临高失业率和日益加剧的不平等。他们说，他们已对政府失去信心，决定亲自执法。

这股反移民浪潮与美国和欧洲出现的运动如出一辙。但根据政府统计数据，南非6,000万人口中，移民仅占3%。

警方数据显示，过去五年间，外国人仅占逮捕总人数的3%，在同期暴力犯罪逮捕中仅占1.2%。

尽管如此，当局仍加大了突击检查力度，惩罚雇用无证外国人的雇主。政府上月表示，自6月以来，已有超过51,000名外国人被驱逐或遣返出南非。

总统西里尔·拉马福萨宣布加大投资以保障边境安全，并多次警告南非人不要参与私刑司法。

但警方并非总在公民骚扰外国人时介入。“只有南非在非洲是有组织的，”保罗·

战争、气候和移民

令欧洲不堪重负， 其领导人几乎束手无策

迈克尔·D·希尔 撰

近日来，欧洲再次似乎只能在一旁旁观，其命运被外部力量所左右。

特朗普总统是否会选择重启与伊朗的大规模战争，推高油价？全球变暖是否会引发更广泛、更严重的野火，甚至在多个欧洲国家肆虐？一场突如其来、原因不明的人口涌入——几乎所有人在进入西班牙后立即被遣返——是否会分裂领导人，助长极右势力？

这个夏天对欧洲而言已异常残酷。两场战争、创纪录的损失、不断上升的通胀，以及对食品、能源和安全的深切焦虑。接踵而至的危机正促使人们紧急呼吁采取联合行动。各国生产商和总理之间举行了一些会议，从波兰到英国的议会中也出现了政治上的焦虑不安。

然而，与过去几年发生的许多事情一样，欧洲面临的诸多挑战并非其所能掌控。

伊朗战争——一场大多数欧洲国家从未想要的冲突——已扰乱了整个地区的生活，推高了汽油、食品和旅行的价格。欧洲各国领导人已承诺在战事结束后协助确保伊朗海峡的石油通行。然而，他们似乎注定只能通过特朗普的社交媒体了解这场战争的下一阶段动向。

欧洲未能在四年多的流血冲突后解决乌克兰战争。其在减少排放以应对气候变化方面的成就，被美国和中国的行动所掩盖。人工智能的未来在很大程度上由他国塑造。右翼民粹主义抬头，移民、不平等和转型问题日益严峻。

“无论从哪个角度看，无论用什么标准衡量，这都是欧洲一个艰难的时期，”曾担任外交关系委员会主席长达二十年的理查德·黑恩斯表示。他认为欧洲在一定程度上是环境的受害者，但也对自身命运缺乏掌控力负有责任。

“问题不仅在于他们投入不足，更在于在自身安全问题上缺乏组织，”他说，“在人工智能竞争中，欧洲基本上只是旁观者，仅有少数例外。这不是美国或中国强加给欧洲的，而是欧洲自己造成的。”

欧洲，第4页

他的牺牲让世界关注西藏

上月，一名藏人在美国纽约联合国大楼外自焚，这是美国首例已知的藏人自焚事件。图为自焚地点的纪念活动。

为解放家乡奉献一生

最终以抗议结束

作者：王薇薇（VIVIAN WANG）

那天纽约气温高达93华氏度，地面更是酷热难耐，但藏人如期聚集在中国领事馆外，挥舞的旗帜和棕色的眼睛中传来阵阵欢呼。抗议者之一尼永·塔希（Ngyeong Tashi）寻找着他的朋友洛里戈·让格斯（Loligo Rangers）。

洛里戈·让格斯是这类活动的中坚力量。朋友们开玩笑说，他参加抗议时比过生日还开心。在抗议中，他觉得自己为西藏从中国独立的事业贡献最大——这项事业并非他首创，甚至连他的叔叔都参与其中。Rangers在藏语中意为"独立"。

尼永·塔希在人群中扫视了一遍，又扫视了一遍。洛里戈·让格斯不在场有些奇怪。第二天晚上，7月2日，他正在——

突然，另一位朋友打来电话。

"快来联合国，现在就来，"朋友说，"他在联合国门前自焚。"

世界各地的许多人已经看到尼永·塔希刚刚得知的消息：洛里戈·让格斯在曼哈顿联合国总部门前自焚，并通过Facebook进行了直播。他将一面西藏旗帜插在地上，举起标语牌，上面写着巨大的"西藏自由"和"中国滚出西藏"。随后，他点燃了自己的藏袍。

尼永·塔希无法理解这个消息。几天前，他还在每周的藏族舞蹈小组见过洛里戈·让格斯。洛里戈不是还答应为几天后的聚会做他著名的藏式香肠吗？他肯定不会自焚，朋友会没事的。

但当他赶到医院时，一名工作人员告诉他，为时已晚。他只能前去做最后的告别。

西藏，PAIZ 4

《纽约时报》 校园内外。 为您的学校提供《纽约时报》数字访问权限。 了解更多请访问 nytimes.com / circumpsius。

报纸照片

东部时间 2:00 中部时间 2:00 西部时间 2:00 西部时间 2:00 格林贝（CR 1:30）

草原 4:00 云杉 2:00 格林贝（CR 1:30）

以色列 4:00（0:00） 周五（10:30）

以色列 1:15（0:00）（0:15） 周五（9:15）

瀑布 2: 4:00 林奇堡 2:00 芒森（MD 10）

葡萄牙 4: 4:00 灵魂 2: 4:00 瑞士（OP 4:30）

荷兰 4: 4:00 突尼斯（N 10:00） 突尼斯 7: 1:00

LUC 4:00（0:00） 美国（M3:00） （月神 5: 2:30）

书号 第44, 2021期

---

2 / 2026年8月11日，星期二

《纽约时报》国际版

第二版

他的逝世让世界关注西藏

《纽约时报》，

从那以后，阿旺·图西一直沉浸在悲痛之中。但随着包括埃德曼·曼斯菲尔德市长和阿曼舒·乌赛因-森特众议员在内的政界人士发表声明，以及主要新闻机构——在某些地区——报道他朋友的死讯，他和许多藏人活动人士也怀着一种苦涩的领悟：勒里加·让松不可思议的举动——美国首例藏人自焚事件——或许以最艰难的方式实现了他最伟大的目标之一：让世界关注西藏。

“我们藏人做的其他活动，没人会在意，”阿旺·图西说，“现在所有人都在谈论。”

勒里加·让松去世后，阿旺·图西身处纽约皇后区一栋狭长的排屋内，这里是他与朋友共同生活多年的地方。在他身旁的是勒里加·让松的室友阿穆安·昌东，后者去年从印度移居美国后，已在此住了数月。

四周都是他们与勒里加·让松共度时光的回忆，以及他如何将生活与抗议紧密交织。梳妆台上摆着一张勒里加·让松与朋友们的合影，包括阿旺·图西，照片拍摄于2016年他们为藏人权利从纽约步行13天前往华盛顿的途中。桌上还有一张镶框照片，记录了去年夏天他们参加的一次抗议活动，照片中有人挥舞着藏族旗帜。

勒里加·让松的房间是他对20多年未曾谋面的故乡的致敬。他出生于西藏东部的一个偏远地区，原名洛央·帕卡（藏族人通常只有名而无姓）。自20世纪50年代以来，中国一直占领着西藏，他从小听家人讲述他们如何抵抗这场占领。他的三位叔叔曾在1963年前与中国军队作战，其中一人战死，另一人死于狱中。孩提时代，勒里加·让松被送往寺院接受教育，但中国政府规定每个家庭只能有一名僧人，而他的名额已被一位亲戚占用。

因此，1963年，18岁的他与一位叔叔一起逃离西藏，他们藏身于卡车中，经常在夜间徒步穿越喜马拉雅山脉数周，以躲避中国哨兵的搜查。勒里加·让松的父母和三个兄弟姐妹因无法承受旅程而留在了西藏，但他和叔叔成功抵达了由西藏流亡政府在尼泊尔设立的难民中心。

从那里，勒里加·让松被送往印度南部的一座寺院，与其他僧人一起参加反对中国的抗议活动。

2006年，他抵达美国。阿穆安不确定他为何离开印度，但她说僧侣们经常被派往海外传播他们的信仰。在纽约，勒里加·让松获得了最终让他丧生的签证，而这本身就是一种胜利。

当时，西藏正受到全球关注。在2000年全球几乎无人问津的情况下，2006年世界各地已有成千上万人开始关注西藏。世界各国领导人纷纷表达愤慨，包括乔治·W·布什呼吁中国与达赖喇嘛展开对话。

在纽约，勒里加·让松渴望为这场运动贡献力量。他在中国领事馆外举行了3,000,000次英语抗议活动，并在联合国附近进行绝食抗议。他在社交媒体上分享自己的照片

查尔斯顿州法学院的抗议者在纽约联合国大楼前悼念勒里加·让松。左起：皇后区高亚洲研究中心创始人简扬·内沃、勒里加·让松的室友阿穆安·昌东、他的表亲洛央·桑达普，以及勒里加·让松的朋友阿旺·图西在皇后区的卧室内。

与政客的媒体会面——民主党人和共和党人——在国会大厦举行。

最初，他在建筑行业工作，但他的雇主不允许他请假参加抗议活动。于是，他转而为Cher开车，过上了普通的生活。他终身未婚，朋友们说这并不困扰他。他可以全身心投入到事业中。

但他确实偶尔承认一个牺牲带来的痛苦：十年前，他断绝了与西藏家人的短暂联系，因为得知自己的工作会危及他们的安全。他只通过在美国的表亲洛扬·萨姆达普（Lokyang Samdap）与家人保持联系。

萨姆达普说，他曾劝说勒里加·让松（Leliga Rangson）重新考虑，告诉他多为自己着想也无妨。“他说，‘这根本不成问题。’”萨姆达普回忆道。

近几个月，他经常出现在“高亚洲研究中心”——由藏族作家简扬·内沃（Jianyang Nevho）在皇后区地下室创办的图书馆。勒里加·让松从街头收集旧书架，帮助充实馆藏。

他对简扬·内沃撰写的一本关于西藏作为独立国家历史的小册子尤为热衷。勒里加·让松提议，何不将这本小册子制作成幻灯片，然后开车横穿美国，在屏幕上播放：“我们总是害怕思想，”简扬·内沃说。即使有些人不理解，他说，“至少有人在努力理清问题。”

第一个在西藏自焚以抗议中国统治的人是一名24岁的僧人，时间在2005年春天。当时政府禁止纪念前一年抗议活动的受害者，这名僧人Taipei自焚身亡。

在接下来的十年里，超过150名藏人效仿此举，仅2012年11月就有28人自焚，据藏人流亡政府统计。

对许多人而言，自焚或许是最极端的政治抗议方式。当人们选择它作为最后的行动——无论是藏人、20世纪60年代抗议越南战争的越南僧侣，还是近期为气候变化或加沙战争发声的美国活动人士——公众的反应不仅是震惊和同情，还有不可避免的[缺失]。

学者指出，自焚可能成为其他抗议方式无效时的最后手段，至少在西藏如此。（几乎所有藏人自焚者都在西藏境内，少数在印度或尼泊尔。）“如果藏人哪怕有一丝机会举行示威，他们也不会诉诸自焚，”著名藏族诗人兼学者图仁·旺姆（Touring Women）写道。

在纽约，勒里加·让松经常抗议，但似乎收效甚微。随着中国影响力增强，国际社会越来越不愿在人权问题上挑战中国。甚至一些藏人同胞也似乎对中国统治妥协。

然而，西藏的镇压依然无情。今年，中国宣布将实施一项新法，以促进“民族团结”。该法规定，学校必须以普通话为交流语言，并称中国政府将追究制造“民族隔阂”的人——这是政府对少数民族或海外政治活动的定性。

勒里加·让松从未向侄女、表亲或任何朋友提及自焚的想法。只有恩旺·图希（Ngowang Tushi）说，勒里加·让松曾在十多年前谈起过——在西藏自焚高峰期，勒里加·让松曾向他征求撰写遗书的建议。恩旺·图希说，他当时更加谨慎，勒里加·让松此后再未提及此事。

但近几个月，新法令让他倍感压力。他告诉一位朋友，中国政府正试图抹杀藏人的文化。他对另一位朋友说，海外藏人可能也不安全。

1996年6月26日，也就是该法生效前一天，他给他的雪铁龙司机朋友德钦打了电话。德钦刚刚从法学院毕业，勒里加·让松向他表示祝贺。但他对德钦说，不要只关注金钱。“我希望你能为西藏独立做出贡献，”他告诉德钦。

德钦感到意外。勒里加·让松很少主动给他提建议。“我当时想，‘哦，你为什么跟我说这个？’”德钦说。“他就说，‘我突然想到，所以就想跟你分享一下。’”

第二天，他又打来电话，从一个假日度假村问候德钦，他和侄女及几个朋友去了那里。那天是7月1日，中国领事馆外正在举行反对一项新法的示威。勒里加·让松没有提及抗议活动。

“我们藏人做的其他活动，没人会在意。现在大家都在讨论。”

7月2日，他打电话约第三次见面。原本说好一起吃午饭，但勒里加·让松说他太累了。此外，他还说有事要处理。

“办完事给我回电话，”德钦说，“我们见个面。”

“好吧，”勒里加·让松说。四小时后，勒里加·让松盘腿坐在联合国大楼对面的金属栅栏和折叠椅旁。他对着手机镜头讲了六分钟，谴责他所谓的中国“彻底抹杀西藏存在”的努力，并呼吁支持其他21名贝塔尼亚人。尽管额头因灼热的阳光而冒汗，他仍然坚持着。

“如果我今天采取重大行动，我希望你们知道这不是出于任何个人原因。不是因为我没吃没穿，而是因为我是在为我的国家而做这件事，”他说。

“我不希望你们可怜我。我希望你们继续为西藏独立而斗争。”

几分钟后，一通11美元的电话报告说有人自焚。

勒里加·让松去世后的几周里，数百人参加了在他家乡举行的悼念活动。包括一次六字真言祈祷仪式、前往中国领事馆的游行，以及在联合国附近几乎每天都有的聚会。

在他去世后的那个星期三，包括阿旺·图希在内的十几名舞蹈团成员在排练后聚集在联合国前。金属护栏守卫着自焚现场，那里堆满了鲜花和祭品，还有藏族的旗帜，但勒里加·让松照片上的他笑得很严肃。

众人在人行道上坐下，进行了两次破碎的祈祷，低着头，许下了承诺。在最后的留言中，勒里加·让松曾敦促21名贝塔尼亚人继续跳舞，保护他们的文化。但他们太过悲伤，无法像他说的那样继续。不过，在40天内——藏传佛教认为这是灵魂转世所需的51天中的一部分——他们不会跳舞，但会以其他方式实现他的遗愿，包括宣传。

“之后，”阿旺·图希说，“我们会继续跳舞，就像你建议的那样。”

为英国而战一个世纪后，他们终获荣誉

伦敦

一战中牺牲的旁遮普士兵姓名被添加至阵亡记录

作者：L851 SAYON

这名年轻士兵为英国而战，却在一个多世纪里未曾出现在该国官方阵亡名单上。

据其家人所述，科瓦·辛格（Kova Singh）离开当时属于英国殖民地的印度村庄，参加如今被称为“一战”的战斗。他再未归来，除了妻子和两个幼子的记忆，他的生平和军旅生涯鲜为人知。

今年夏天，辛格先生成为近10,000名被研究人员确认的旁遮普士兵之一，他们在一战中为英国牺牲，却未得到官方认可。历史学家称，这一数字暴露了英国行政当局的严重且长期的失职——对来自帝国的非英国籍士兵持有偏见。

“这些人忠诚服役，悲壮牺牲，却未能获得与他们并肩作战的其他士兵同等的待遇，”英国历史学家、美国旁遮普遗产协会主席阿姆里特·辛格（Amrit Singh）说，他参与了此次研究工作。

从2014至2016, 50万旁遮普士兵参与了美索不达米亚战役，帮助英帝国击败奥斯曼土耳其，夺取现代伊拉克及其通往印度的战略要道。160 万士兵来自印度次大陆，在英属印度军队中服役。

一个多世纪以来，英国官方一直详细记录两次世界大战中阵亡的英国士兵，但对来自殖民地（主要是亚洲和非洲）的逾200,000名为帝国牺牲的士兵及相关人员，却未给予同等重视。

这批旁遮普士兵的手写姓名是在巴基斯坦拉合尔博物馆的档案中发现的，这些记录揭示了他们的身份、家乡，部分还包括牺牲时的情形。

此次发现是历史学家和当局为纠正英国纪念阵亡将士中的种族不平等现象，历时一年的努力成果。这一行动正值英国各机构对帝国遗产进行广泛反思之际。

!

2014. 受伤的士兵和英国军人在英格兰。5,000名来自英属印度旁遮普地区的士兵姓名已被添加至英国官方阵亡名单。

对科瓦·辛格的后人而言，这一认可弥补了历史记录中的缺失。

“我感到更完整了，”他的曾孙英德尔·辛格（Indre Singh）博士说，他是英格兰莱斯特的一名牙医，多年来一直研究祖先的命运，却未能找到答案。

根据新发现的记录，辛格先生在随部队返乡途中，于奥斯曼领土因伤重不治。记录未说明他的年龄或具体死亡日期。

英联邦战争公墓委员会官方历史学家乔治·海伊（George Hay）表示，他的服役记录缺失源于歧视性态度和一场跨越三大洲的军事冲突中记录保存的实际困难。该委员会成立于1857，负责纪念两次世界大战中为英国作战而牺牲的军人。

海伊说，他的前任曾试图收录阵亡印度士兵的姓名，但受制于战后似乎无能或不愿提供完整损失名单的国家行政部门。

最大的挑战在于哪些死亡被视为战争伤亡的标准不一致：与英国同僚不同，印度士兵若在冲突结束后死亡，当局不认为他们值得纪念。

2015年的一项调查发现，官方认可的缺失部分源于偏见和种族主义。

最新的研究工作始于1945年，当时沙阿先生在劳工博物馆的档案中作证。在格林威治大学的历史学家、旁遮普遗产协会的志愿者以及作者的协助下，我们

未能收录该馆藏，也无法与英联邦战争公墓委员会的记录进行交叉核对。

在筛除重复记录后，研究人员确认了4,000名来自历史上的旁遮普邦、在第一次世界大战中阵亡但未出现在官方名单上的士兵。

在核对姓名后，委员会被要求于上月进行登记，这是迄今为止最大规模的单次更新：重新整理了阵亡年份。海伊先生表示，委员会将寻求以某种实体纪念形式展示这些姓名。

这份名单还为后代提供了独立追溯战争起源的途径。名单显示，他的祖父曾在第21乌尔斯步兵团服役，该团曾参与美索不达米亚战役。

这一细节能帮助他追踪仍留在印度的亲属人数，并推断曾祖父的大致死亡日期。“接下来，我们希望能主导这项工作，”他表示，“目前有75%的军人后代正在研究家族历史。”

委员会的决定似乎并未将任何后代与战争抚恤金申领联系起来，这些抚恤金原本由已解散的英属印度政府发放给阵亡士兵家属。

---

2026年8月11日，星期二 / 3

世界

设计抗震：日本的生存之道

在日本，防震准备显著减少了地震造成的损失和伤亡

作者：莱德·秋叶·戴维斯（Ryder Akira Davis）与伊泽博·伊泽诺（Hisabo Izeno）

上月，一场6.6级地震袭击了日本西南部，其威力足以夷平城市、夺走数百甚至数千人的生命。

然而，在九州岛，剧烈的震动仅摧毁或严重损坏了数百栋建筑。地震发生一周后，死亡人数为24人。

在震中附近的熊本县，半自治机构和地方官员对结果感到欣慰，因为他们从十年前的教训中汲取了经验。2016年，两场规模相近的地震重创该地区，摧毁了6,000多栋建筑，最终造成270人死亡。

最近的熊本地震在多个关键方面与之相似——包括整体震动强度、震源深度以及与人口密集区的距离——而2016年委内瑞拉的地震则摧毁了沿海地区，造成6,000多人死亡。

“但我们看到，伤亡人数存在巨大差异，”加拿大西安大略大学地震工程学教授戈达（Kamanetsu Goda）表示。戈达先生曾在2016,熊本地震后对该地区进行实地勘察，他将这一差异主要归功于过去十年间的两次重建，包括投入数十亿美元用于抗震加固。

7月28日灾难发生后的28天里，两位同事和我走访了熊本县，发现受损情况遍布全区：木制房屋倒塌、道路扭曲，一家购物中心因震后煤气爆炸而化为废墟。

但从抗震加固的市中心、桥梁和住宅，到接受过搜救培训的建筑工人，都清晰地展现出一个为最坏情况做好准备的地区。

关键基础设施

最令人印象深刻的例子或许出现在宇土市，这座拥有25,000人口的城市位于震中附近。2016,该市五层高的市政厅扭曲并部分坍塌，严重削弱了地方官员在关键五天内协调灾害应对的能力。

“市政领导专门设计了一座新市政厅，于2012,启用，旨在确保在强震中保持屹立不倒。尽管上月的震中距离该市不到五英里（8公里），这座混凝土建筑及其大面积的玻璃窗却完好无损。

该建筑得以幸存的关键在于其二次隔震系统。建筑基础与上部结构之间的两条减震通道吸收并耗散了大量能量，使地面在移动时，上部建筑保持相对稳定。

宇土市市长三井信（Makoto Mitsui）解释称，新建筑群体现了十年前的教训：抗震加固必须优先考虑城市关键基础设施，以确保危机期间基本服务不中断。

“我们曾经遭受过损失，”身着蓝橙色应急服的三井先生在采访中表示，“正因为如此，新建筑在设计时经过了深思熟虑。”在最近的地震后，宇土市居民“有了一个可以依靠的基地，”他说，“这带来了安全感。”

由于宇土市大部分地区断电，居民从户外水井取水，一支篮球队则向排队等候的人们分发瓶装饮料。在室内，流离失所的居民在有空调的中庭避难。

社区培训

在Kamanetsu，社区领袖表示，在2016年地震后，他们加强了当地的应急响应网络，旨在赶在紧急救援力量到达前的数小时内采取行动。

在八代市——7月28日地震中受灾最严重的城市之一——两名负责空调中心的安保学校教师描述了一套精心规划的灾害应对机制：每年指定紧急职责，要求他们在市政府发出通知前，就前往当地一所学校启动运作。

“考虑到10年前发生的事情，我们都认真对待这些计划，”其中一位教师宫崎步（Ayumi Miyazaki）说道。

在Kamanetsu东部中心地带，西原村——一条穿越山脉和稻田的道路尽头的村落——每两年都会为全体居民举行严格的防灾演习。村民表示，他们从小就被告知，由于住在活跃断层带正上方，大地震迟早会来。

左图：上月地震后，日本Kamanetsu地区倒塌的加热器和受损的高速公路。这条高速公路的结构设计仅允许在地震中部分坍塌，这是该地区采取的众多安全措施之一。

这一现实在2016年成为现实，当时西原村正位于那场备受关注的地震震中。在Deyafuata这个小村落，几乎每栋房屋都倒塌了，9名居民被困。前社区领袖坂田哲也（Tetsuya Sakata）回忆道，整个街区看起来“仿佛被炸弹夷平了每一天”。

就在灾难发生前一年，村里进行过通过屋顶救出被困者的演习。当真正的地震来袭时，1,000名居民挨家挨户行动，为救援人员开辟进入通道。最终，所有居民都被成功救出，西原村因此被称为“奇迹村”。

在Kamanetsu地区，地震可能阻断道路，切断村落与Kamanetsu首府的紧急救援通道。坂田先生说，无论是在2016年还是上个月的地震中，“我们只能靠自己”。他表示：“如果没有进行那些彻底的演习，可能会有多少人丧生。”

住宅建筑规范

Kamanetsu地区的韧性还得益于所有居民，包括10,000户住宅。在夏季沿道路行驶四天（其他季节更久）后，灾情分布一目了然：几乎所有倒塌的房屋都是老旧的木结构房屋；而现代住宅和新近建造的建筑几乎毫发无损。

日本以拥有全球最严格的抗震建筑规范而闻名。现代建筑采用深埋地基的混凝土基础和重型金属连接件，将建筑框架牢固固定，能够抵御剧烈震动。

自2020年灾难以来，Kamanetsu地区的省级和地方政府提供了补贴，帮助房主加固脆弱的木质支撑，并将易腐蚀的重型瓦片替换为更轻质的材料。

截至2025年，Kamanetsu县约90%的建筑符合国家官方抗震标准。地震专家表示，这使得绝大多数房屋在2016年地震中得以幸存，即使是在建于不稳定土壤上的地区，正如西原村附近一座寺庙的工作人员将其描述为“豆腐般的质地”。

“如果房屋建造得当，符合规范，它们的表现就会很好，”地震专家戈达（Goda）先生说。上个月如此多房屋得以幸存，证明“改进措施已经见效”。

未来的挑战

即使Kamanetsu地震造成的直接破坏比预期轻微，挑战依然存在。

2016年，总死亡人数中有相当一部分并非来自建筑物的初期倒塌，而是源于疏散者因长期滞留在拥挤的避难所和车辆中，承受严重压力导致的继发性健康并发症。

与2016年一样，避难中心仍缺乏限额。

在八代市的一个避难所，90岁的Eike Ichibashi表示，一处服务约280户家庭的设施仅配备了两套寝具。

尽管存在不足，一种根深蒂固的互助文化已介入。在八代市的避难所，中学生志愿者在前台负责登记新来者。外面，援助团体分发了许多住所用品。

在附近的一个社区，75岁的谷口正夫（Masao Taniguchi）正从一根水管接水时，一位老妇人走近，询问谷口的境况。得知谷口失去了水源后，这位邻居主动提出让他使用自家水井。

宇土市市长三井（Mitsui）表示，他认为互助文化在日本已成为具体的现实，而在经历过灾难的社区中，这种文化可能更为深厚。地震发生时，“人们有一种‘又来了’的无奈感，但正因为曾经历过，我们也知道如何相互支持，”他说道。

“居民们不是依赖我们或市政工作人员，而是互相帮助——送水、送食物。”三井先生说，“虽然这与伤亡人数是否直接相关尚不清楚，但我认为这种精神意义重大。”

野田基夫（Kideo Notaya）对此报道有贡献。

泰国枪支文化面临大规模枪击事件的挑战

新闻分析

曼谷

总理承诺在致命校园袭击后加强枪支管控

马克斯·金（Max Kim） 尼基塔·吉拉尔托斯（Nichita Guilartows）报道

四年前，在一名袭击者在泰国制造了该国历史上最致命的大规模杀戮事件——造成20多人丧生后，时任卫生统计官员的Austria Clusteraratal曾承诺加强枪支管控。

如今，总理奥斯汀（Mr. Austin）在周五再次面临另一起大规模枪击事件的余波，这起事件发生在首都曼谷西北部的一所学校。

当天上午，多哈特鲁甘巴尼学校（Dohatru Gumbhami School）的一名学生使用祖父的手枪射杀了祖父母，随后携带这把枪前往拥有1,000名学生的学校，最终射杀了五名教师，并造成近20人受伤。这是自2022年以来泰国首次发生校园枪击事件，枪手最终饮弹自尽。

这起事件也再次引发了泰国社会对枪支管控的长期争论。近年来，泰国接连发生大规模枪击事件，包括一起野外枪击案和一起传统

“我认为社会越来越质疑现有的枪支可及性水平是否可以接受，”泰国科技大学犯罪学家郑潘丹（Trịnh Phanđan）表示，“公众观念正在从将持枪视为个人问题转变为认识到枪支泛滥是一个公共安全问题。”

!

（左图：上周曼谷附近一所学校枪击案中遇害的五名教师之一的家属；右图：2023年曼谷暹罗百丽宫购物中心枪击案后的现场）

泰国是东南亚枪支拥有率最高的国家之一，批评人士认为，其枪支法律在某些方面严格，但在实际执行中存在漏洞。专家指出，泰国独特的枪支文化使得枪支成为社会地位的象征——受该国军方影响——同时也反映了泰国人对公共安全的不信任。

去年上台的总理奥斯汀试图回应社会对枪支泛滥的担忧。

“成为总理后，我的首要任务之一就是推出一项关于武器的新法律，目前仍在推进中，”他在周五宣布加强枪支管控计划时表示。他补充说，新法律将只允许列入名单的政府官员携带枪支，但未透露具体细节。目前，年满20岁的公民只要收入较高、无犯罪记录并有正当理由（如自卫），即可合法购买和拥有枪支。政府项目还以海外或折扣价格提供枪支，这进一步助长了枪支黑市交易。

“如果你是政府官员，在议员名单上，或者是我的团队成员，我们都有资格以安全为由购买枪支，”反对派议员奇亚格布里·苏丹丹（Chiyagburi Sutandan）说，他指的是议员们。“议员名单并不重要，他们都有枪。”

总部位于日内瓦的小型武器调查（Small Arms Survey）估计，2017年泰国民间持有的枪支约为5000万支，其中410万支未登记，相当于每100人拥有32.3支枪。2016年，华盛顿大学研究人员领导的一项研究表明，2016年泰国有超过1,000人死于枪支暴力。

尽管每起引人关注的大规模枪击事件都会周期性地重新引发泰国社会对枪支问题的讨论，并偶尔推动新的监管措施，但专家表示，政策制定者的执行不力和执法不严导致变革难以彻底落实。

泰国的枪支法律在实际执行中存在漏洞，批评人士如是说。

2022年，一名14岁男孩在曼谷最大的购物中心暹罗百丽宫（Siam Paragon）开枪，造成2人死亡、5人受伤。此事促使时任内政部长奥斯汀暂时叫停

新枪支的发放，并禁止20岁以下人员进入射击场。

这一事件短暂引发了关于心理健康服务在预防枪支暴力中作用的讨论，因公开报道指出该枪手此前正在接受精神疾病治疗。但枪支制造商齐亚格布里表示，泰国的枪支所有权制度仍缺乏严格的心理健康筛查流程。

“目前完全没有这方面的要求，”他说，“枪支可以作为遗产继承，或者通过买卖转让所有权。”

批评人士还指出，泰国需要建立更完善的枪支使用追踪系统，以及鼓励民众自愿上缴枪支的机制。

“非法枪支泛滥本身就是执法不力和问责缺失的表现，”泰国发展研究院（曼谷智库）高级研究员博恩瓦拉·苏塔南表示，“每次大规模枪击事件后——2020年的那空叻差是玛、2022年的农瓦蓝普、2022年的暹罗百丽宫——都没有高级政府官员因未能防范而辞职或被免职。”

博恩瓦拉和齐亚格布里均认为，泰国的枪支暴力事件也越来越多地受到其他国家（如美国）大规模枪击案的影响。

2022年暹罗百丽宫袭击案的枪手身着迷彩服，头戴印有美国国旗图案的棒球帽，引发外界猜测他可能模仿了美国大规模枪击案中常见的战术装备。当地媒体报道称，警方在周五枪击案后的调查中，在袭击者电脑中发现了多个其他国家大规模枪击案的视频。

“社交媒体让曼谷的青少年能接触到与美国青少年相同的图像和冲动，”博恩瓦拉说。

公共安全问题知名专员、前总理候选人拉塔乌·苏万努瓦特（Ratherow Suwanuwat）周五在社交媒体发文称，美国或许仍可成为泰国未来预防此类大规模枪击案的借鉴模式。

“美国长期面临多起校园枪击案，”他写道，“尽管这些措施未能完全消除问题，但泰国应认真研究其中的诸多经验。”

提出的建议包括：在学校开展应急演练、利用人工智能监测可疑行为、推广枪支安全存储等。

---

4 / 2026年8月11日 星期二

国际

左图：约翰内斯堡，一名“三月与三月”组织的支持者在抗议活动中与路人对峙；德班，马拉维国民登记组织；约翰内斯堡，尼日利亚国民在遣返航班起飞前。

南非活动人士将矛头指向移民

南非，

“每天都有大量外国人涌入，”克扎女士在约翰内斯堡南部社区罗斯蒙特维尔的一家公共卫生诊所外对等候的人群说道。

“你们的孩子挤满了学校。医疗系统挤满了你们。工作机会被你们占据。餐馆里全是你们。”

“总会有办法的，”她说。克扎女士在德班出生长大，德班是南非近期反移民骚乱的主要发生地之一。但直到她22岁时搬到约翰内斯堡，从事电视活动和制作工作，她才对移民产生强烈的看法。

她说，她目睹了这座城市逐渐衰败，并将城市的破败归咎于移民街头小贩。她指责外国房东不维护管理不善的房产。

她拥有的一家建筑公司业务量减少。她声称这是因为津巴布韦人在合同竞标中压低价格。她还说，由于家附近的公立学校人满为患，她不得不将女儿送到私立学校。她将此归咎于移民儿童挤占了教育系统。

克扎女士的不满促使她成为一个名为“三月与三月”的全国反移民组织的直言不讳的成员。该组织针对所有外国人——而不仅仅是非法滞留者——并希望他们离开。

5月的一个周六，克扎女士加入了约50人的队伍，在她所在社区附近的住宅区街道上游行。他们的目标是驱逐一栋据称被非法刚果移民占据的房屋。

他们在街区中部的一栋房子前停下，执行该组织所谓的“驱逐”。房内居住的刚果家庭是否合法并不重要。

暴徒使用铁锤切割机破坏了车道大门。他们撞击房门，砸碎了防盗窗的栅栏。房子一片漆黑，显然无人居住。

几分钟后，暴徒闯入了前门。六名儿童从黑暗的走廊中冲出，尖叫着逃离房子。其中一人哀求道：“我们很抱歉。”

他们的母亲桑德拉是一名来自刚果民主共和国的移民，她抱着十几岁的孩子，裹着毯子的两周大的婴儿，步履蹒跚地走了出来。头发凌乱，仪式感全无，桑德拉的眼中噙满泪水，面对愤怒的人群。

走出家门

在外面发生的一切骚动中，26岁的桑德拉和她的八个孩子中的七个一直躲在屋内。她给当时不在家的丈夫皮埃尔打了电话，皮埃尔随即前往警察局报案，称家中遭到入侵。（出于安全考虑，她和丈夫均要求隐去姓氏。）

桑德拉在南非生活了近半辈子，深知这种局面的危险性。2006年，她为逃离刚果内战来到南非，那一年南非在后种族隔离时代首次爆发大规模排外暴力事件。当时，许多黑人公民被迫逃离该国暴力的白人政权。

义警杀害了数十名移民，摧毁了许多外国人开的商店，导致成千上万的外国人逃离南非。暴力事件在2011年和2015年再次激增。

其他非洲国家震惊地目睹了南非排外暴力浪潮，难以置信地看到许多南非人将矛头对准那些在种族隔离时期为他们提供庇护的国家的人民。尼日利亚已要求南非赔偿被迫离开家园和生意的本国公民。

多年来，桑德拉学会了如何在南非作为外国人生存。她知道在拥挤的火车上不要用母语接电话，以免被人听出口音。她知道在家里或自己经营的美发店里不要把刚果音乐放得太大声。她知道如何穿着打扮才像南非人。

!

左侧的诺斯·库瓦与她3岁的女儿丽莎在约翰内斯堡的家中。库瓦女士将城市衰败归咎于外国人。

她和丈夫表示，他们始终保持移民文件的更新，并拥有合法的寻求庇护者身份。但这一切在愤怒的暴民闯入她家时似乎都不重要了。

这群人洗劫了这家人的住所，将他们的物品扔到街上。

47岁的皮埃尔在警察陪同下赶到时难以置信。他于2005年从刚果移民到南非，在约翰内斯堡与桑德拉相识。他试图安抚人群，用祖鲁语与他们交谈，并展示了他与一位南非女性（他称之为第二任妻子）的传统祖鲁婚礼照片。

暴民仍然要他们滚出去。库瓦女士一直在分享美国移民和海关执法局（ICE）特工在美国街头抓捕和驱逐非法移民的视频片段，这些视频是在特朗普政府时期拍摄的。

“这里的政府应该效仿特朗普的做法，”她说，“这样南非才能有秩序，南非人才能被放在首位。”

散落的家当

在等待政府采取行动的同时，像“三月行动”和“前进运动”这样的团体要求像库瓦女士这样的组织者尽可能低调，不要在任何地方制造事端。

在皮埃尔家门前，邻居们涌上街头围观。街区挤满了警车、一堆家具和暴民的叫喊声。

皮埃尔给房东德瓦恩·坎纳斯打了电话。坎纳斯先生赶到后解释说，皮埃尔一家是合法租户，并恳求暴民让孩子们回屋。

他们拒绝了。坎纳斯先生请求警察介入，但一名警长告诉他，他担心可能会发生对峙。“我不想挑起暴力，”这名警长说，并补充道，最好的解决办法是让这家人今晚另找地方过夜。

桑德拉痛苦地站在家人散落的物品旁。那台她在教堂弹奏的电子琴。孩子们用来做作业的彩色铅笔。皮埃尔从前雇主那里得到的镶框证书，上面称赞他的“宽容与奉献”。

当这位老师在家门前呼喊时，人群中出现了一个熟悉的面孔。

是库瓦女士，桑德拉说她曾多次阻止自己在罗斯蒙特维尔的公共诊所就医。

"我是受害者"

克扎女士表示，保护自己孩子的权益与她为全体南非移民所做的努力是并行的。去年，她向长女奥韦拉解释说，外国人正在接管这个国家。

"我是受害者，" 17岁的奥韦拉在采访中说。

这场斗争在6月20日全国反移民抗议活动的第二天仍在继续。组织者曾将这一天定为所有无证移民离境的最后期限，克扎女士希望能在约翰内斯堡的街头看到更少的移民。

然而，她看到的却是和之前一样多的移民街头小贩在售卖商品。

"这里不允许再摆摊了，"克扎女士对一名卖菜的男子说。"有人会来检查情况。快收拾东西。"

"我们昨天就告诉你们离开，你们还在这里。"她的同伴恩扬古加女士附和道。

当这两名女子从一个摊位走到另一个摊位时，小贩们显得慌乱不安，匆忙收拾起洋葱、玻璃纸袋和袜子。

"我有证件，"一名小贩举起一个装有护照的塑料袋说。

"妈妈，我们不要你的许可证，"克扎女士说。"我们唯一想要的，就是我们国家只有南非人。"

这两名女子推开她的货物，转身离去。

欧洲连续危机下的控制力挣扎

欧洲，见第1版

欧洲已在多条战线上采取行动。四年多前俄罗斯入侵乌克兰时，欧洲和英国立即采取措施支持乌克兰，包括提供数十亿美元援助、对俄罗斯实施制裁，甚至通过特别计划接纳了多达数百万乌克兰难民。

2021年特朗普重返白宫后，释放出对普京总统更为友好的姿态，英国、法国、德国等欧洲国家组建了一个联盟，试图在任何和平协议中维护乌克兰的利益，并通过闭门协商调和乌克兰与美国的优先事项。这些努力帮助阻止了普京与特朗普达成损害乌克兰利益的协议。

然而，尽管这一联盟多次化解了危机，但欧洲的利益和安全能否在不受欧洲参与的情况下被谈判，以及如何执行这些协议，已被证明困难重重。特朗普一次又一次地选择了美国的集体道德水平——以及在很大程度上是传统——与俄罗斯或乌克兰进行对话。

"多年来，欧洲领导人一直在谈论战略自主和欧洲成为一个严肃的安全行为体，"基辅一家安全中心主任路易斯·乌格里德卡在《大西洋理事会》撰文写道。"未来几个月可能会成为这些雄心是否现实的最明确考验。"

他们对美国-以色列与伊朗的战争影响力有限，尽管其影响波及整个欧洲大陆。欧洲对此的强烈反对

"这是欧洲动荡不安的艰难时刻"

特朗普总统决定发动战争的举动令这位美国领导人陷入困境，并严重损害了跨大西洋关系。

2021年4月，在与特朗普总统关系紧张之际，英国和法国宣布计划组织一场军事行动，旨在保护伊朗并开辟通过霍尔木兹海峡的通道，前提是达成一项持久的停火协议。然而，美伊之间时断时续的战斗使得这项行动变得过于危险，无法启动。多个欧洲国家的外交官表示，他们派遣军舰协助清除海峡水雷或为油轮护航的可能性，实际上已被搁置，直到战争是否真正进入停火阶段变得明朗。

特朗普总统近日威胁称，如果伊朗政权不同意开放海峡，他将大幅升级对伊朗的打击。上周二，他在接受《新闻报》采访时表示，如果这条关键水道不尽快开放，伊朗将遭到“非常严厉的打击”。

尽管伊朗危机持续发酵，欧洲多地仍在遭受野火肆虐，天气图上大片鲜红色区域标志着前所未有的热浪正变得愈发频繁，且这一局面因两场战争、通胀高企及社会对土地、能源和安全的深切忧虑而加剧。

在过去二十年的大部分时间里，欧洲各国普遍认同气候变化构成的威胁，并采取行动减少排放、投资可再生能源。然而，自特朗普上台以来，欧洲不得不面对全球最大污染国之一的美国，这使得他们应对气候变化的努力变得更加艰难。

如今，欧洲各国显然正在承受全球变暖的后果，该地区平均气温上升速度超过其他任何大陆。英国经历了近千年来最干旱的7月。洪水迫使法国和西班牙逾10万人流离失所，希腊消防员在扑救仍未得到控制的大火时殉职。

最近，数万人涌入位于北非海岸的西班牙小型领土克里特岛，这一事件引发了新的危机，并可能加剧欧洲在移民这一最具政治爆炸性议题上的分歧。

西班牙代理总理桑切斯以其对部分移民（尤其是来自拉丁美洲的劳工）的欢迎态度而闻名。但他对试图非法穿越西班牙与摩洛哥边境的移民采取了更强硬的立场。他迅速调动军队应对克里特岛的移民涌入，并将大多数人遣返。

这一事件凸显了近年来欧盟内部日益加深的分歧。极右翼政党，包括德国选择党和法国国民联盟，已将此次事件作为动员政治支持的契机。移民抵达克里特岛后数小时内，近二十个欧盟国家对西班牙提出批评，部分国家甚至呼吁暂停其申根区成员资格。桑切斯回应称这些批评“毫无意义”。

分析人士指出，在西班牙面临外部威胁之际，欧盟内部缺乏团结，这表明欧洲在全球舞台上展现权威的能力正面临挑战。美国外交关系委员会的哈恩表示，他认为这种缺乏团结的现象揭示了欧洲在塑造未来时面临的根本问题。

“整体，”他说，“远不及各部分的总和。”

---

2026年8月11日，星期二 / 第5版

国际新闻

对这些岛民而言，时间正在流逝

路易港，毛里求斯

迪戈加西亚岛民渴望回家，却遭遇美国轰炸伊朗

撰文：约翰·埃利奥特

巴苏琳·拉布兰（Baseline Rabaulan）6,岁时，英国士兵摧毁了她在查戈斯群岛的家，并告诉他们必须离开。

为了在印度洋中部的群岛上建立英美联合军事基地，拉布兰女士和约3,000名居民被迫踏上长达八天的旅程前往毛里求斯，从此再未获准返回。

“那已经是近六,十年前的事了，”她说。

“如果他们告诉我可以回去，我今天就会走，”拉布兰女士坐在毛里求斯首都路易港一个工人阶级社区的遮阳棚下说道。

今年，这一愿望似乎触手可及，因为英国准备将查戈斯群岛归还毛里求斯，后者承诺让像拉布兰女士这样的流离失所者回家。

然而，美国轰炸了伊朗。如今，这个微小的查戈斯群岛陷入了一场涉及特朗普总统、英国政治、中国及中东战争的地缘政治漩涡。

特朗普最初支持英国批准一项将群岛归还毛里求斯的条约。但在美国于2月发动袭击前不久，他撤回了支持，称不愿放弃对查戈斯群岛中迪戈加西亚环礁上联合军事基地的控制。

除迪戈加西亚的驻军外，这些岛屿基本无人居住且禁止进入。白宫上月在给《纽约时报》的一份声明中表示，特朗普“绝不会允许美国在迪戈加西亚的存在因任何原因受到削弱或威胁”。

这项归还群岛的条约是在国际法院裁定英国未能完全脱离毛里求斯后制定的，但也遭到英国保守派政客的批评。

尽管条约允许美英军队在迪戈加西亚继续运作30年，但一些英国议员警告称，撤退将导致中国在印度洋这一战略要地的渗透。

伦敦智库查塔姆研究所研究员金（King's said）表示，迪戈加西亚是美国在印度洋投射力量的核心。其跑道足够长，可供大型军用飞机起降，且拥有深水港，可供军舰停靠和补给。外界还猜测，部分当前行动可能以迪戈加西亚为基地。

华盛顿和伦敦的官员担忧，将条约正式化可能为中国在查戈斯群岛建立基地打开缺口。

随着争论持续，岛民们表示时间对他们而言已所剩无几。目前仅有数百名幸存者在世，他们担心若无法返回，其文化将消失殆尽。

未来的某一天

查戈斯群岛的流亡者对群岛的未来也存在分歧。

部分人士，如现年49岁、出生于群岛的参议员萨希米（Senator Sashimi），认为毛里求斯应拥有完全主权，并称在英国统治下，“我们没有被允许回去的权利”。

而拉布兰女士等人则希望群岛继续由英国控制。

拉布兰女士指出，流亡社区在毛里求斯遭受歧视，包括被政府安置在棚屋区居住。

尽管拉布兰女士——一名退休家政工人——和从事建筑工作的丈夫在路易港拥有一处坚固的住宅，墙壁为混凝土、地板如花岗岩般光滑，但她表示许多幸存者陷入了普遍的贫困循环。

她回忆起在查戈斯群岛的生活，那里的家庭自给自足，无需为金钱烦恼。人们常常自己建造房屋，晚餐桌上摆放着刚捕获的龙虾。每逢周五晚上，大家都会聚集在海滩上，唱起传统歌曲，跳起舞蹈，她说。

被驱逐到毛里求斯后，

许多人连开设银行账户、支付房租等日常事务都难以应对，因为他们不识字，拉巴乌兰女士说。他们几乎买不起鸡爪当晚餐。

“太多人死去，太多人在这里生活在绝望中，”她说。

毛里求斯政府官员辩称，查戈斯人长期享有与所有国民同等的权利和福利，包括免费医疗和教育。政府原计划今年安排外国访客前往查戈斯群岛，但因伊朗战争而推迟。

英国议会必须批准该条约才能生效，其中包括英国每年向毛里求斯支付超过1.25亿加元租借迪戈加西亚岛的条款。前英国首相曾表示，若无相关方面的支持，他不会推进这一进程。

目前尚不清楚新任首相将如何处理此事。

若英国未能批准该条约，毛里求斯可能会升级事态，该国总检察长格洛弗表示。

“我们将采取一切合理行动，”她说，“我们将开始派遣船只并登陆这些岛屿。我们将不得不采取实际行动制造冲突局面。”

其目标是将此案提交国际法庭重审。

与此同时，在毛里求斯的查戈斯人能做的，就是让他们的民间传统保持活力，他们说。他们烹制传统的椰奶炖鸡或鱼，称为“肉”。他们敲击名为“卡瓦纳”的鼓，表演载歌载舞的仪式，以此传承音乐。

在路易港的一家社区中心，一位女士（10岁时曾在查戈斯生活）轻抿双唇，神采奕奕地与人交谈。她挥动着红蓝相间的火焰图案裙摆，露出微笑。

“当我闭上眼睛跳舞时，”她说，“仿佛自己又回到了迪戈加西亚岛。”

一名记者从毛里求斯路易港发来报道。

自20世纪80年代起，英国政府对查戈斯群岛的政策就已确立。80年代试图帮助其他地方，使该国成为一个的新国家，成为一个的新国家

巴基斯坦红辣椒之都遭遇极端高温

坎里深度报道

巴基斯坦坎里

洪水同样令农民担忧，他们试图适应难以预测的气候

作者：埃尔萨·费尔特费尔 AVID D-A-18 KIDIMAN

巴基斯坦是全球最大的红辣椒生产国之一，也是全球最受欢迎的红辣椒之都。农民们依然沿用传统方法，在阳光下晾晒辣椒。赶集的日子里，漫天尘土弥漫，呛人的空气让人泪流不止，但天气并不寒冷。

然而，极端天气——高温、洪水、干旱，以及随之而来的不可预测性和高昂成本——正在摧毁一种延续了数代的生活方式，迫使许多农民不得不重新审视自己的耕作方式。

在巴基斯坦东南部拉赫里（Raxri）的一个清晨，40岁的达里（Darri）眺望着自家那片红辣椒田，如今已是满目疮痍：作物枯焦、土地龟裂、地块空荡。他仰望天空，寻找季风季节即将结束的迹象，希望能缓解经历数月极端高温后苦苦挣扎的辣椒苗。然而，天边没有一丝雨意，短短几小时内，气温将飙升至120华氏度（10摄氏度）。

农业占巴基斯坦经济的近四分之一，并为该国一半劳动力提供就业。但这个拥有超过2.5亿人口的南亚国家，却是全球最易受气候变化影响的国家之一。2022年的毁灭性洪水摧毁了近450万英亩（180万公顷）农田——面积相当于新泽西州——这一灾难至今仍让信德省和邻近的旁遮普省的农民心有余悸。如今，他们表示仍在从灾难中恢复。

红辣椒是受灾最严重的作物之一。巴基斯坦农民发现，近年来种植辣椒已成为一项持续挑战：反复无常的天气带来高温和洪水的恶性循环，破坏作物，重创小规模传统农场。而高昂的作物成本更令他们难以适应。

许多农民正尝试调整种植时间表，帮助作物在收获前熬过高温。达里先生将播种时间从5月提前到3月，希望幼苗能在夏季高温来临前长得足够强壮。

有些年份，这一策略奏效了。11月丰收后，数百名辣椒种植户、买家和农民聚集在树下，围绕着高达8英尺（2.4米）的红辣椒堆讨价还价。

“雨水过多会毁了庄稼，没有雨水也一样会毁了庄稼。”

这些集市日让拉赫里——这个信德省一个仅有2.5万人口的普通小镇，距边境约70英里（150公里）——变得热闹非凡。市场上最富有的买家开着市场专用的摩托车四处穿梭，而干瘦的搬运工则背着沉重的辣椒袋，佝偻着身子艰难前行。在收获季后的集市上，平均每天有超过200吨辣椒在这里成交。该地区的红辣椒产量占巴基斯坦总产量的85%以上。

但今年，连3月都太热，无法播种。于是达里先生将播种时间推迟到5月10日，这缩短了生长周期，使脆弱的幼苗不得不面对更严峻的高温胁迫。

在与时间和气候变化的赛跑中，达里先生和其他种植户如今不得不给土壤施加比以往多得多的肥料，试图在9月开始的收获季前让作物存活下来。

7月底，季风终于给达里先生的田地带来了第一场降雨。但他也清楚，随之而来的可能是致命的暴雨。

“雨水过多会毁了庄稼，”达里先生说，“没有雨水也一样会毁了庄稼。”

农民在9月收获后，传统的辣椒晾晒过程也因洪水泛滥而变得更加危险，这一过程通常需要约30天。过多的湿气会导致收成滋生真菌。

多年来，拉赫里的小农户一直呼吁建设现代化设施，以便在更可控的环境中晾晒辣椒。

“每次政府说要开设一个晾晒点，结果什么都没发生，”拉赫里市场的辣椒经纪人穆罕默德·萨利米说。

当地官员承认他们不堪重负。拉赫里地区官员穆罕默德·汗指出，在晾晒和调味阶段，多达三分之一的作物会被浪费。“晾晒是小农户面临的主要问题，因为其他人在夜间产生的成本，”他说。

大农户则设法更好地应对了气候变化带来的额外成本。汗先生表示。

他称，信德省政府正采取措施应对这些挑战，包括最近批准在拉赫里新建一个辣椒市场，配备仓库和拍卖场等设施，以更好地保护收成。

但面对产量下降、化肥成本上涨和持续的灌溉困难，许多农民已心灰意冷。

今年，达里先生决定将四英亩的田地用于种植900株pagons植物。他说，这种作物可能更能抵御极端天气。

“看来大自然已经不再站在我们这边了，”达里先生说。

伊朗希望特朗普回到6月协议

新闻分析

柏林

德黑兰认为对霍尔木兹海峡的控制权是获得经济救济的核心筹码

作者：史蒂文·厄兰格

以色列上周末发表的声明中提出重开霍尔木兹海峡的要求，基本上与特朗普总统已在6月27日签署的谅解备忘录中同意的内容一致，但该协议迅速破裂。然而，伊朗将对该海峡的控制视为迫使特朗普履行承诺的最佳机会，目前尚不愿放弃这一筹码。

分析人士认为，对伊朗而言，不让特朗普在霍尔木兹海峡问题上宣称胜利，是促使其遵守并落实协议的最有效手段。保持海峡基本关闭不仅能维持高能源价格，也是确保依赖该海峡出口的波斯湾国家敦促华盛顿重返备忘录的一种方式。

专注于经济外交的智库波士顿-波士顿基金会创始人埃斯凡迪亚尔·巴特曼赫利吉表示，伊朗与美国之间的民族主义情绪高涨，德黑兰希望确保在放弃对海峡的部分控制权之前，先获得承诺的经济救济以支持重建。

“伊朗官员担心，一旦海峡开放，特朗普会在不感到有必要解决冲突的情况下抽身而去，”他说，“他们希望利用海峡作为一种承诺机制，确保特朗普落实MCC的各项条款。”

国际危机组织阿拉伯-伊朗项目主任瓦埃齐将海峡比作“特朗普头上的一群达科他人”。

“伊朗希望在交出主要筹码——霍尔木兹海峡——之前，先获得前期利益，”瓦埃齐说。

“与阿曼达成协议并不意味着重开海峡。”

周日，特朗普先生对 Aztec 表示，他认为伊朗最终会因经济困境和通货膨胀而妥协。他没有威胁对伊朗采取新的军事行动。

伊朗的要求于周六由伊朗最高领袖办公室秘书穆罕默德·巴盖尔·扎吉巴迪（Mohammed Bagher Zadjibadi）列出。根据《伊玛目周一报》的报道，他要求美国解除对伊朗石油和石化产品的海上封锁和制裁，撤出围绕伊朗的美军，支付战争赔款并释放伊朗被冻结的资产，同时停止对该地区伊朗盟友的袭击，包括在黎巴嫩的袭击，以及针对该国的英国行动。

除赔款要求外，上述所有要求均与伊朗六月备忘录的内容一致。赔款要求是伊朗的惯用手段，伊朗官员也对当地媒体表示，这一要求是为了从华盛顿争取尽可能多的制裁解除，瓦埃齐（Vaezi）说道。

瓦埃齐表示，伊朗与阿曼就海峡开放后的通行问题进行的谈判已基本完成。但伊朗希望将海峡问题与国际协议的恢复挂钩，这将需要与美国进一步谈判。任何关于伊朗核计划未来的讨论——这正是特朗普发动这场战争的主要原因之一——都将指向备忘录的恢复。

伊朗外交部长阿巴斯·安加尔（Abbas Araghchi）在与耶路撒冷对话时表示：“我们与阿曼在霍尔木兹海峡问题上的谈判进展顺利。”

他继续说道：“然而，与阿曼达成协议并不意味着重开海峡，海峡的重开仍取决于通过调解方传达的条件是否得到满足。”

部分混乱源于伊朗体制内部关于如何推进的讨论，这导致了这些要求的强调，查塔姆研究所中东和北非项目主任加纳斯·亚比尔（Sanam Vakil）表示。

她说，一些官员认为外交是经济重建的最佳途径。而立法者“绝望且偏执，宁愿保持手中的筹码，也不愿考虑经济问题”，他们赌特朗普不会重启战争。但局势也极为分裂，她说，一些官员推动外交，另一些则主张更多轰炸，而特朗普“在两种立场间摇摆不定”。此外，政府内部还存在真正的重要性之争：一旦海峡重开，特朗普是否会被迫放弃整个协议。

亚比尔表示：“伊朗人不想为伊朗而这样做。海峡问题不是双边的，而是为了整个协议的控制权和筹码。”

---

6 / 2026年8月11日，星期二

国际

大麻种植园异味熏天 佛州小镇居民苦不堪言

佛罗里达州瓦格纳曼

对污染和径流的担忧加剧了大麻巨头的困境

作者：戴维·奥瓦勒

在小镇沃基肖，西瓜农场和牧场多年前就已消失，取而代之的是另一种景象：从特鲁利夫（Trulieve）这家大麻行业巨头经营的占地44英亩的种植园中散发出的刺鼻大麻气味。

自2020年特鲁利夫开始在此地收割大麻以来，邻居们就对弥漫的气味、机械的轰鸣声以及照亮夜空的强光抱怨不已。但在佛罗里达州中北部、塔拉哈西附近的杰斐逊县这个乡村地区，他们的投诉并未引起太多关注。

然而，一段Facebook视频改变了局面。那年春天发布的一段视频显示，绿色的水流从特鲁利夫的地产涌向邻居费利西亚·兰姆（Felicia Lamb）和詹姆斯·兰姆（James Lamb）的土地。这段由这对夫妇的一位亲戚发布的视频激起了县内居民对特鲁利夫的强烈反对。该公司首席执行官人脉广泛，曾说服特朗普总统在4月将医用大麻视为危害较小的药物。“这段视频让人们震惊，”兰姆女士说，“人们听说过径流的问题，但亲眼看到又是另一回事。”

居民们很快涌入杰斐逊县委员会会议，抱怨气味和噪音，并担心这家占地100万平方英尺（10,000平方米）的大麻种植园——美国最大的种植园之一——排出的水正在污染土壤。特鲁利夫的官员表示，这些水是安全的，不过是公司开设“种植园区”之前就已流向兰姆家土地的正常径流。

官员们还指出，特鲁利夫已采取措施减少设施散发的气味，包括近几个月停止现场堆肥，并安装了绿色过滤系统。

“当邻居向我们反映问题时，我们会不断努力，直到在我们能力范围内采取一切合理措施，”特鲁利夫首席生产官凯尔·兰德拉姆（Kyle Landrum）上月在《塔拉哈西民主党人报》的一篇评论文章中写道。这篇文章是对兰姆女士早前发表的批评文章的回应。

近期的风波促使多个州机构对特鲁利夫的运营展开调查。这也让一个本已面临变革的乡村社区陷入分裂——这个行业雇用了近100人，但对许多人来说仍然是禁忌。

“我不需要毒品来享受生活，但显然有些人需要。这是他们的事，”住在马路对面的一位有多个孩子的母亲格布哈特（Gebhart）说，她经常因为气味而避免外出，“别把它强加给我。我可不想忍受他们的孩子。”

格布哈特和丈夫表示，他们想卖掉在沃基肖的长期住宅——这个小镇居民不足200人——但潜在买家不愿住在特鲁利夫附近。

杰斐逊县的反对声与全国各地数据中心兴起时社区的抵制情形如出一辙。随着美国大麻行业的发展，种植设施附近的居民投诉也随之增加——但通常发生在加利福尼亚州和马萨诸塞州等民主党州，这些州的医用和娱乐用大麻均属合法。

在佛罗里达州，大麻仅限医用。总部位于塔拉哈西的特鲁利夫于2020年成为首家在主要美国证券交易所上市的大麻公司，这一举措得益于特朗普放宽了医用大麻的限制。该公司在佛罗里达州拥有近四分之一的大麻零售店，并斥资近1.5亿美元支持2024年一项寻求将娱乐用大麻合法化的公投。

共和党州长罗恩·德桑蒂斯（Ron DeSantis）反对这项措施，最终该提案以微弱差距未能通过。

福布斯将 Trulieve 首席执行官金·里弗斯（Kim Rivers）称为大麻行业的“特朗普密友”，因其在说服特朗普总统将联邦法律下的大麻仅限于医用方面发挥了关键作用。分析人士称，此举将通过提高大麻企业的税负来大幅增加其利润。

兰德家族最关心的是从 Trulieve 雨水池流向其土地的水。在视频走红之前，他们已与 合作多年，试图阻止这一情况。

!

左侧为费莉西亚和詹姆斯·兰姆（Felicia and James Lamb），他们住在佛罗里达州杰斐逊县乡村的 大麻种植设施旁。上图为从 土地流向其房产的水，这一径流问题引发了该县对大麻种植业务的强烈反对。

兰姆先生表示，他于 3 月委托进行的水质检测显示硝酸盐含量超标，这种物质通常在没收物中发现，这让他怀疑是否使用了公共水源来清除地下水，并污染了附近的一条小溪。

他们的投诉触动了公众神经，并引起了名为“杰斐逊县关注居民”（Concerned Residents of Jefferson County）的美国团体的关注。该组织由前银行高管辛迪·派伯恩（Cindy Pyburn）领导，她现已成为一名公民活动家。

邻居们表示，水质检测让他们感到该设施的规模已远超多年前的提案。“我对医用大麻没有意见。我只是希望它不在杰斐逊县，”她说，“但他们本可以像优秀的企业公民那样经营，而不是造成损害。”

随着州机构开始调查，佛罗里达州卫生部在当地一家 Dollar General 商店提供了免费水质检测试剂盒。

水资源管理区进行了两次检查，并发现废水池存在“加速”渗漏问题。 回应称，兰德家族关于污染水和过量径流的指控缺乏依据，并表示该池塘符合此前批准的升级计划。

佛罗里达州环境保护部于 3 月表示，对 的水质检测未发现污染物，但该机构称调查仍在继续。佛罗里达州卫生部未回应多次置评请求，但该地区所在选区的民主党州众议员奥尔德森·霍尔（Alderson Hall）表示，该机构在当地井水中未发现污染物。

环保监督组织“蓝衫正义联盟”（Blue Shirt Justice League）上月表示，兰德家族房产的水样中仅检出低水平硝酸盐。兰姆女士指出，雨水池本不应含有硝酸盐，且采样前的大雨可能稀释了结果。

发言人表示，居民无需担忧。

“迄今为止，没有任何独立机构报告显示存在有害污染物。这是事实。”发言人史蒂夫·范科尔（Steve Vancore）说。

但杰斐逊县的居民并不认同这一解释。

该县人口为 50,000，距离塔拉哈西足够近，许多居民前往该市工作，但距离又足够远，能享受负担得起的生活成本。这里以起伏的丘陵和田园风光著称。居民自豪地表示，该县没有连锁商店。

在县治迈阿密塞尔（Miamiselle）——该镇最近刚举办了年度西瓜节——几乎人人都对 是在帮助还是损害他们的“佛罗里达生活方式”有自己的看法。

20 号的林奇（Lynch）表示，她每周会带孙女经过该设施几次，孙女们抱怨空气闻起来有股“死气”。

“我希望这不会影响她们，”林奇女士说，“比如，当你闻到那种气味时，我都不知道它是如何运作的。”

但即使在这片保守的乡村县，支持大麻的迹象也随处可见。大麻合法化提案仅以微弱劣势未能通过。一家销售大麻产品（但非 产品）的烟草店最近在迈阿密塞尔开业。

该县的一所州立监狱提供了就业岗位，但争议在于 也带来了经济效益。

佩勒姆（佛罗里达州）的Evening Pelham在米亚米塞尔的一家二手商店做志愿者，她表示对Trulieve的存在怀有复杂的情感。“在这里，你还能去哪儿工作呢？”她问道。

副总统在网上肆意嘲讽和侮辱

白宫备忘录 华盛顿

万斯抛弃礼仪与克制，在网上嘲讽左右翼批评者

作者：彼得·贝克

在社交媒体上互相谩骂早已司空见惯，但这或许是美国副总统首次亲自上阵。

上周三，保守派专栏作家批评其立场“虚伪”，副总统JD·万斯随即在社交媒体上回击，讽刺对方的外貌：“如果你见过他本人，就会发现这家伙显然从未踏进过健身房。”

在这个总统们早已习惯于政治对话粗鄙化的时代，鲜有人像万斯先生这般热衷于投身网络骂战。这位首位千禧一代副总统早已抛弃前辈们的礼仪与克制，转而攻击那些激怒他的“精英”（ubers）和“骗子婊”（scamthags）——无论是左翼的“豪车社会主义者”，还是右翼的“可耻”保守派。

万斯的做派自然与其顶头上司——那位以人身攻击见长的大师——如出一辙，或许这正是他作为政府首席试错者的勇气所在。但即便他意在效仿特朗普总统，万斯似乎也天生嗜好冲突，这源于成长于政治本能高度对立的一代。在他看来，仅仅反驳对手的观点远远不够——对方还必须是愚蠢的、优柔寡断的、卑劣的，甚至是肥胖的。

万斯公开在社交媒体上贬损他人，这在过去半个世纪的现代副总统中前所未见。罗耀拉大学法学院教授、前总统顾问R·戈尔茨坦指出，无论其动机为何，“这种做法背离了副总统职位应有的庄重，并降低了理性公共讨论的标准。”

万斯的顾问和盟友自然有不同的解读。他们认为，无论言辞多么刻薄，万斯与批评者的互动展现了某种亲民与真实——至少对特定美国人群而言。万斯本人也曾遭受大量恶意攻击，理应有权反击。在他们看来，批评其言辞粗鲁的人，正是十多年来同样对特朗普冷嘲热讽的那群“伪君子”。

“在我看来，这更像是站在提问者的角度思考，”万斯去年初在《OK》新闻（OK. News）上表示，“这可能是代际差异吧。我来自一个与科技深度绑定的时代。”

不过，即便万斯本人也曾对自己的网络习惯有所反思。今年5月，他告诉《OK》新闻，自己已暂时放弃社交媒体，从手机上删除了原名为Twitter的应用。“少了这个干扰，我反而更高效了。”

但他也承认，生活在“如此疯狂的泡沫”中，意味着社交媒体已成为一种“经过精心策划的兴趣区”，供人们与志同道合者交流。“我认为社交媒体的好处之一，是它能让你接触到未经过滤的观点，而这正是我作为政治领袖需要承受的。”他补充道，“我会适度控制使用，但这段小休假确实让我感到愉快。”

副总统发言人拒绝就近期事件置评，但强调万斯在NBC的表态并不意味着他会停止在网上与支持者和批评者互动。

万斯的网络言行之所以引人注目，在于其与其他场合的反差。在其他公开场合，他展现出更为深思熟虑、沉稳克制的形象。今年6月出版的新书《延续》（Continuance）深入剖析了他从福音派基督徒到运动员再到名人的心路历程。为宣传该书，他甚至登上ABC的《观点》（The View）节目，与一群自由派主持人进行了一场激烈但不失文明的对话。

一位主持人乔伊·贝哈尔（Joy Behar）事后甚至表示，万斯先生在讨论问题时展现出幽默感和自身的尊重态度，她认为他应该参加2024年大选，因为这样他就不会再如此“知足”。“我认为如果他当上总统，他会回归家庭生活，”她说，“特朗普才是那个不在场的人。”

副总统通常扮演“攻击犬”的角色，其攻击性往往比他们所服务的总统更为激进。现代史上最具想象力的副总统无疑是斯皮罗·阿格纽（Spiro Agnew），他热衷于充当理查德·M·尼克松总统1968年竞选中的急先锋，抨击他认为的敌人，如自由派（“平行泛神论者”）、和平主义者（“超越了‘和平主义者’的称号”）和“不诚实的媒体人”（“对真相的冒犯不受惩罚”），而他从未接触过社交媒体的强大传播力。他的继任者们大多采取了更为克制、甚至近乎谦逊的态度，尽管同样会攻击对手，但避免像万斯那样沉迷于人身攻击的做法。即使是特朗普的首任副总统迈克·彭斯，在任四年间也始终保持着传统的纪律与尊严，与万斯那种“来战”的风格截然不同。

贾马尔·西蒙斯（Jamal Simmons）曾担任副总统卡玛拉·哈里斯（Kamala Harris）的沟通主任，他表示万斯显然并不满足于特朗普在2020年总统竞选中的支持力度。

“可以猜测，这反映了万斯对前任们的评价态度，”西蒙斯说，“在特朗普政府内，每个人都只有一个观众——特朗普本人，而你会因为好斗和粗鲁而得到奖励。”

万斯确实将好斗和坚定的特质发挥得淋漓尽致。他绝非那种新时代“教堂男孩”类型，去年一整年直到今年初，他频频在社交媒体上发起抨击，直到后来暂时退出。与特朗普不同的是——后者经常在网上无差别攻击朋友和敌人——万斯会直接回应批评者的信息，并与其他发帖者展开你来我往的争论。

他写道：“我对来自各方的分歧和批评有着出乎意料的承受力。我曾抨击过沃尔特·巴克利（Walter Carback）的儿子巴克利（Buckley），因为他为副总统工作。我也曾回击过那些攻击我团队的‘骗子婊’。是的，任何我见过用谎言攻击巴克利的人，都是‘骗子婊’。”

“在特朗普政府内部，每个人的受众只有一个，你因好斗和亲近而得到奖赏。”

他毫不犹豫地攻击批评他的记者。前ABC新闻记者特里·莫兰（Terry Moran）被他称为“左翼官员”。他还写道，犹太领袖乔希·格拉斯霍德（Josh Grasshoard）要么是“华盛顿最大的骗子”，要么是“华盛顿最破碎的记者”。

他同样毫不犹豫地攻击共和党同僚。大卫·拉克（David Rucker）的3本传记将其描述为“右翼（激进）斗士”，但副总统却称其为“内奸”，因为拉克暗示万斯的名字在向右看。“我有更好的价值观。右翼网红如劳拉·莱斯顿（Laura Leston），万斯写道，他们“实际上很可耻”，因为“在一场关于应对措施的争论中攻击政府并制造分裂”。“我不确定。”

在涉及谩骂时，他也几乎没有过滤。“我讨厌这种自以为是的家庭。我曾写过一位播客主持人，他称特朗普的支持者‘非常、非常、非常糟糕’。”

在删除了他的应用程序后，万斯的社交媒体负责人态度大变。“我一直是个好人，我不确定。我不确定我不确定。我不确定”他继续赞扬特朗普，支持政治盟友，提出桌面上的想法，并再次赞扬特朗普。

但就在上周，真实的万斯显然又回到了网上，对马克·西森（Marc Thieson）——乔治·W·布什总统的前演讲撰稿人、《华盛顿邮报》专栏作家，也是右翼中支持特朗普对伊朗强硬立场的主要声音之一——发起了攻击。

在上个月的一篇尖锐专栏中，西森指责副总统在最新的德黑兰谅解备忘录中“公开削弱总统”，并称万斯“似乎与特朗普在仅3-4件事（5-7）上存在分歧”，敦促总统“采纳那些在伊朗问题上为他提供建议的人，而不是像万斯这样让他失望的人”。

不久前，西森卷入了一场与负担能力无关的社交媒体讨论——具体是关于食堂饭菜的价格。回应一篇抱怨美国大学食堂饭菜价格在过去2年涨幅过高的帖子时，西森写道：“哭给我听吧。大学食堂的饭菜费用已经包含在你的餐费计划里了。”

这时，万斯插话，暗示西森在食堂吃第二份的次数太多了。“我一直是个好人，我不确定。”西森辩解道，回忆起万斯曾自称在2023至2024年间增重了30磅（13.6公斤），并非总是如此苗条。

西森未回应置评请求，万斯的办公室也未予置评。

副总统的一位盟友表示，这位专栏作家是在“泼脏水”。“这既不恰当，也不具建设性，但自恋的共和党评论员总是这样。我不确定。我不确定我不确定。我不确定”他补充道：“我支持敢于说真话的民选官员。副总统有权利。西森的支持不过是严重的滥用。他应该少吃点食堂饭菜。”

但别指望万斯会停止在社交媒体上的攻击。

---

2026年11月，星期二 / 7

商业

印度维萨卡帕特南

批评者称数据中心耗能耗水，却未带来就业

文｜穆斯塔·米沙尔、乌斯蒂、库马尔

一个非旅游目的地突然发现自己成为了人工智能领域更大困境的中心，许多人质疑官方信息，担忧他们的城市正成为该国的数据之都。

在印度南部海岸城市维沙卡帕特南郊外的塔尔瓦达村，游客们会看到一块巨大的广告牌，上面印有十多位国家和地方政要的面孔，用鲜艳的色彩宣告：“欢迎谷歌，欢迎！”

六月，在一片郁郁葱葱的山丘脚下，挖掘机正在平整土地，为谷歌斥资30亿的项目之一——一座超大型数据中心做准备。这家美国科技巨头正与印度总理纳伦德拉·莫迪的一位亿万富翁盟友合作，莫迪政府将数据中心视为确保印度在全球人工智能时代建设中占据一席之地的关键。

据周边安得拉邦的信息技术部长纳拉·洛克什介绍，官员们希望数据中心的投资能带动发展并吸引更多外国投资。洛克什的面孔与莫迪一起出现在欢迎海报上。

“对我而言，这不仅仅是一个数据中心，”洛克什表示，“电力电子、空调、建筑材料缺口，整个产业链，我们现在都将它们引入我邦进行制造。”

除了谷歌的项目（包括铺设新的各类线缆），布鲁克菲尔德资产管理公司与印度Brilliant公司的合资企业也在维沙卡帕特南建设一座规模相当的数据中心。两座数据中心投入运营后，将使印度的数据中心容量较去年年底翻一番以上。

但在维沙卡帕特南，许多居民对这些项目的益处持怀疑态度。

超大规模数据中心耗能耗水，且创造的就业岗位不多。这些问题在印度尤为突出，已在美国引发反对声浪，多个价值数百亿美元的数据中心项目因当地社区反对而被叫停或陷入争议。

安得拉邦项目的快速推进令一些居民、活动人士和前官员担忧，科技巨头正利用印度政府对在人工智能浪潮中占据一席之地的迫切需求。

印度为谷歌及其本地合作伙伴亚洲集团提供了大量补贴——从土地、能源、水资源的折扣，到大幅税收减免——而这类项目在美国正遭到社区抵制。

项目批评者称，环境许可规则被放宽，允许在生态敏感区域建设，该地区被认为水资源紧张，且在跨邦输水工程和印度根深蒂固的官僚体系下，资源供应问题变得更加复杂。信息匮乏，无法确定水电来源及补贴成本由谁承担。

印度的人工智能革命让一座城市担忧其后果

印度官员认为，在维沙卡帕特南（上图）建设人工智能数据中心将有助于吸引外国投资，但批评者指出了其环境成本。左下图为塔尔瓦达的一块广告牌，上面写着：“欢迎谷歌，欢迎！”右下图为安得拉邦信息技术部长纳拉·洛克什。他坚称谷歌项目遵循了“所有程序”。

“人工智能项目不是国防交易，而是发展项目。为何要笼罩在这种不透明的氛围中？”人权论坛（在该地区运作的组织）的报纸撰稿人V.S.克里希纳表示，“整个地区被要求承担巨大的基础设施成本和环境风险，却没有公开辩论。”

谷歌在该项目的合作伙伴、亿万富翁高塔姆·阿达尼被视为莫迪先生的亲密盟友，其财富在莫迪执政的12年间迅速膨胀；他以在大型项目上为所欲为而闻名。

谷歌高管和参与该项目的阿达尼子公司官员表示，他们已在项目规划中考虑了这些担忧，以确保避免给当地社区带来任何水或能源负担。

对印度领导人而言，这个全球人口最多的国家在全球人工智能竞赛中的前景不容乐观。尽管拥有庞大市场和世界级的科技人才，印度的结构性缺陷使其在构建人工智能能力方面处于摩根士丹利报告所称的“最大”劣势。

过去一年，数十亿美元资本流出印度，流向台湾和韩国等竞争对手，这些国家生产尖端人工智能技术，如芯片。

印度被视为更多是技术的展示者，而非早期创新中心，无论是在国内还是国外。

但即使在人工智能领域，印度也需要采取激进措施来弥补明显的差距。尽管该国产生了全球约20%的数据，但其在全球数据中心容量中的份额仅占其中的一小部分。

对安得拉邦执政党而言，这一差距带来了机遇。

数十年前，57岁的邦首席部长N.钱德拉巴布·奈杜曾帮助附近的海得拉巴成为科技中心。他吸引了包括微软在内的公司，围绕这些公司，海得拉巴建立了一个利润丰厚的产业。自两年前重新掌权以来，他成功吸引了印度全国四分之一的投资，包括谷歌的投资，并提出“投资、投资、再投资”的口号。

邦政府给予谷歌土地25%的折扣，并提供了水电的慷慨补贴。

奈杜先生还带来了另一个关键因素：他在新德里的影响力，其支持对莫迪获得第三个任期至关重要。

印度法律要求在印度设施存储数据的外国公司需缴纳印度关税。谷歌因此改变了策略，并希望从中央政府获得更大的税收减免。莫迪政府满足了这两项要求。

“这是我们率先推动的，”身兼奈杜之子的科技部长洛克什表示。

对洛克什而言，谷歌项目是吸引投资的更大努力的一部分，以应对印度南部各邦之间的激烈竞争，这些邦如今更具吸引力，且比北方更易开展业务。他坚称该项目遵循了“所有程序”，并表示政府正在简化流程，而非削减标准。

“这不是一项防务交易，而是一个发展项目。为什么要笼罩在这种不透明之中？”

他和他的顾问表示，谷歌项目在建设阶段将创造约120,000个就业岗位，建设完成后将提供约60,000个就业岗位。但有人质疑这些数字，称它们与其他同等规模数据中心的实际情况不符。

提交用于环境许可的项目文件中，包含了停车位数量、每日冲厕用水量等细节信息，但显示实际员工数量仅为上述数字的一小部分。

过度加速的产业发展可能引发印度面临的另一个难题：为14 亿美元人口创造就业机会。国际货币基金组织表示，人工智能可能会对劳动力市场造成“短暂冲击”，扰乱或缩减对印度经济至关重要的技术支持行业。

他表示，位于维沙卡帕特南的设施将采用节水冷却技术，且不依赖饮用水供应。谷歌还将投资清洁能源发电，并“确保不会将任何成本转嫁给当地家庭、企业或州政府”。

但许多居民并不买账。

“谷歌非常精明——它与新成立的400家阿达尼集团合作，因为阿达尼能在印度政府这里搞定任何事，”印度财政和能源机构前高级官员E·A·S·萨尔马（E.A.S. Sarma）说。

萨尔马拥有能源规划博士学位，他认为该项目的成本将超过收益。新建基础设施的费用以及加强民用电力需求将推高居民的电费账单。

“每一项补贴都是社会的成本，”他说。

就业难觅，更多大学毕业生选择回家

年轻人回家与父母同住如今面临的耻辱感减少

作者：诺亚·沙伊贝尔

两年前从加州大学圣克鲁兹分校毕业后几个月仍未找到工作时，汤米·巴尔马特搬回了旧金山湾区的童年家中。他觉得少了开销负担，找工作会更容易。此外，也许并不那么重要的一点是，他与父母关系依然亲密，他们也乐意他回家。

“每一个掠过我脑海的想法，我都会和父母交流，”巴尔马特先生说。他主修英国文学和人类学，原本希望在出版业找到一份工作。“他们真的非常鼓励我，如果我愿意，可以随时回家。”

巴尔马特先生绝非唯一一位做出这种选择的应届毕业生。自20世纪80年代以来，21至27岁的大学毕业生与父母同住的比例已从当时的8%上升至去年的超过四分之一，而2002年这一比例仅为约18%，根据尚未在线发布的论文更新数据。

许多年轻人选择回家居住，反映出近年来应届毕业生就业市场持续疲软。在20世纪80年代，与父母同住曾是常见的家庭现象。而随着人工智能对白领工作的影响，这种疲软可能还在加剧。

不过，一些专家怀疑这是否完全是坏消息。大学毕业生可能选择回家，是因为他们意识到在童年家中相对舒适的环境下找工作更有利，而且像巴尔马特先生一样，社会规范不再阻止他们利用这一安排。

智能手机和视频通话意味着上大学不再需要与父母断绝联系，这让分离对双方都不再那么令人担忧。而大萧条和疫情等重大社会动荡让许多年轻人别无选择，也减轻了回家居住的耻辱感。

“这种对更广泛影响的认知并没有消除对现状的挫败感，”马萨诸塞州布卢明顿的治疗师唐纳德·霍兰德说，他接触过许多与父母同住的应届毕业生。“但它确实减少了我所看到的回家居住带来的羞耻感和内疚感。”

不可否认，优质工作岗位的短缺推动了毕业生回家的趋势，尽管其他经济因素（如住房成本）也对刚起步的年轻人造成了压力。

过去一个月，拥有学士学位的年轻人更倾向于回家居住，而仅有高中文凭的年轻人则略有减少。研究发现，尽管两类人群都面临较高的生活成本，但他们的经济体验已出现分化。受教育程度较低的人群自疫情以来取得了显著进步，而受过大学教育的人群则陷入停滞。

过去四年，应届大学毕业生的失业率上升速度远快于美国整体失业率，今年第二季度已达5.7%，根据纽约联邦储备银行的数据。

即使是传统高薪领域的毕业生也感受到了影响。一位今年4月从蒙特利尔麦吉尔大学化学工程专业毕业的学生搬回了父母家中，她说她和许多同学都未能在该领域找到工作。根据数据，2022年至2026年间，应届化学工程师的失业率上升至4.7%，而计算机工程师的失业率则上升至19%。

![汤米·巴尔马特毕业后搬回家中。他得以省钱，并开始结识同样搬回家的朋友。](

)

这种挑战可能正在改变毕业后仍与父母同住的人群画像——从“raddectress”转向“drivers-but-themed”。

一名受访者（代号“9000”）强调，明尼苏达大学区域内的经济逆风及激烈的实习竞争环境，本应让她在求职时处于有利地位。她迅速采取行动，利用这些优势。在大四秋季，她准备申请一家清洁能源流企业的早期职业项目，此前一个夏天她曾在那里实习。

然而，与往年不同的是，该公司首轮招聘似乎并未公开征集申请。在 2025 年毕业前几个月，她与一位前上司喝咖啡时得知，公司最近经历了裁员。“这本应是第一个迹象，说明这将是一场艰苦的战斗，”受访者回忆道。

去年 8 月，她搬回双子城郊区的家中，并在 10 月收到了第一份录用通知。她对这份工作并不满意，且有足够的信心继续寻找更合适的机会，两个月后如愿以偿。

Albacete 博士及其合著者的研究表明，这名受访者在 27 岁前遭受长期失业打击的可能性较低，因为她在求职期间有能力保持耐心。

其他数据显示，近期毕业生即使可能找到一份不理想的工作，仍选择在家中继续求职，这或许是因为他们觉得这样更自在。根据纽约联邦储备银行的数据，近年大学毕业生的不充分就业率（即能够从事但不需要学位的工作的毕业生比例）一直保持在较低水平。

哈佛大学马萨诸塞分校的劳动经济学家 Rats 指出，此类数据并不精确，难以解读。但 Rats 博士承认，社会规范的变化可能有助于解释为何越来越多年轻人与父母同住。

“在育儿方式上是否发生了某种文化变迁？”他问道，“如今的孩子与父母互动的程度，与 50 年前、25 年前的世界完全不同。”

毕业后搬回家的人数之多，以及他们面对超出自身控制的经济力量的无奈感，似乎正在让这一选择变得常态化，并削弱曾经可能存在的任何耻辱感。

Betsy Balmat 是 Tommy 的母亲，她表示，她观察到近期大学毕业生独自生活的情况越来越少，至少在旧金山湾区如此，那里的生活成本尤其高。“从我工作圈子的朋友来看，孩子搬回家住已经比不搬回家更常见了，”她说，她是一名牙科助理主管。

Lily Dall'Eira 从华盛顿大学毕业一年后搬回家乡坎普斯，发现许多高中同学也处于类似境地。他们甚至开始在周末组织集体活动。

“我并不觉得住在家里有什么不好，”她说，她目前在一家咖啡馆工作，并希望成为一名建筑师，“我所有的朋友都在这么做。”

Tommy 表示，他感受到来自父母的些许压力，要求他大量投递求职申请。“我确信自己是在以牺牲质量为代价来完成申请数量，”他回忆道，“但至少能证明我做了努力。”

但总体而言，这段经历是积极的，他说，这让他攒够了钱，本月将与大学室友合租。他并未因与父母同住而感到明显的耻辱，甚至还在兼职的咖啡馆里结识了一位女性。

“我们后来相处得非常融洽——我们都在独立奋斗，”他说，他希望有朝一日能出版一部小说，“我们都对自己正在做的事情充满热情，只是苦于如何将其变现。”

---

我们曾经遇到过的最全面的问题，是他父母的关注有时让人尴尬。“如果我们在教练席上等着，他们就会过来问：‘要不要给谁来点指甲油？’”但他的女友对此却泰然处之。原来她也有过类似的经历，甚至更甚。

---

8 / 2026年8月11, 2026 星期二

商业

特朗普推动极地船队无竞标交易

总统决定购买11艘破冰船，无论美国是否需要

克里斯托弗·弗拉特维尔、 安德烈娅·富尔格、 维多利亚·埃尔南德斯 报道

去年8月的一个深夜，芬兰总统亚历山大·斯图布在位于赫尔辛基以西两小时车程的夏季官邸接到了一个电话。电话那头是特朗普总统，他提出了一个请求。

他想购买一批能够穿越北极冰层的大型船只。

特朗普长期以来对这些被称为极地破冰船的船只情有独钟。他认为这些船只对于主导北极地区至关重要，因为气候变暖使得关键航道和丰富的矿产资源变得唾手可得。他还对美国仅拥有不足50艘此类船只感到不满。

两个月后，特朗普与斯图布在椭圆形办公室宣布了一项协议：由两国船厂建造11艘破冰船，总价值近70亿美元。

这一安排在多个方面引发了争议。

这一数量是海岸警卫队（负责管理美国船队）所称需求量的两倍。建造这些船只的合同将在无竞标情况下授予。虽然预计有7艘将在美国建造，但前4艘将在芬兰建造，这要求特朗普豁免一项禁止在海外建造国家安全船只的法律。

然而，最关键的是，这些都不重要。特朗普想要破冰船，而且他想从芬兰获得。

“其他国家拥有的比我们多，”特朗普与芬兰领导人坐在一起时宣称，“我们希望拥有世界上最好的破冰船。”

特朗普对海岸警卫队船只的执着追求，揭示了他的政府如何绕过规则、无视程序。

“我们尚未看到任何信息或分析来证明这12艘船的合理性，或评估这些决定的长期可负担性。”

在追求符合总统个人意愿的项目时，无论这些项目是否符合任何规则框架。

无竞标合同通常仅用于高度专业化或紧急需求，而这一做法与特朗普近期推动的其他项目如出一辙——从破冰船到林肯纪念堂倒影池，再到一项价值13亿美元的移民拘留中心建设合同。

《纽约时报》对海岸警卫队交易的调查揭示了芬兰总统的个人议程与特朗普本人对极地破冰船的独特迷恋——这种迷恋始于他多年前在芬兰的一次偶然邂逅，远在他考虑竞选公职之前。

这一决定未考虑支持11艘新船所需的基础设施，或驾驶它们的成本，根据海岸警卫队文件，相关费用可能高达数十亿美元。

大部分资金计划来自边境安全专项拨款。在去年通过的“一个宏伟美丽的法案”中，行政部门广泛调整了10年的资金用途，几乎未受监督。

为证明破冰船的重大合同合理性，特朗普政府援引了一项鲜少使用的概念，将11艘新船称为“美国制造”——允许政府在绕过竞标的同时，对其理由鲜有公开说明。

“我们尚未看到任何信息或分析来证明这12艘船的合理性，或评估这些决定的长期可负担性，”美国政府问责署建设与国家安全采购主任谢尔迪·S·哈利表示。

她表示，海岸警卫队可能最终“就像一个赢得彩票的人，花钱如流水，却没有长远计划”。

三家造船厂获得高达68亿美元的无竞标合同，用于建造破冰船

PIECES GROUP

加拿大玛格丽顿

高达35亿美元

Inonora美国子公司Doris DeSanto已同意建造五艘破冰船——其中两艘在芬兰一家新收购的、拥有破冰船建造历史的船厂建造，其余三艘则在得克萨斯州建造。

BIGUM MARKET, CHINEHATTONG

卡尔马，芬兰

高达12亿美元

在获得合同的三家公司中，仅有finance公司拥有在一年内建造破冰船的历史。该公司计划在芬兰西部的船厂建造两艘破冰船。

BELLHADE MAPPARIS

贝尔哈德，加拿大

高达21.4亿美元

Bellinger曾为海岸警卫队建造过船只，但从未交付过破冰船。该公司被要求在墨西哥湾沿岸的多个船厂建造最多11艘船只，并与finance公司合作。

“他们把所有的钱都花在买豪宅上，然后一旦发现自己没有钱维护，就会破产。”

政府官员本人对这些船只是否对国家安全至关重要存在争议。破冰船使海岸警卫队能够在北极地区维持其所谓的“存在”——监控在该地区日益具有战略意义的水道上活动的外国船只。

“特朗普总统确保美国在北极地区的大国地位，此前历届政府曾任由我国船只和北极能力衰退，”白宫行政管理和预算局发言人坎德伦女士在一份声明中表示。

海岸警卫队司令凯文·E·兰利上将表示，该部门提供了如何遵循法规以确保纳税人资金得到妥善管理的建议。

“11这个数字直接来自总统，”兰利上将表示。《纽约时报》指出，海岸警卫队提供了意见，但他补充道：“这是总统的数字，也是总统的决定。”

一场高尔夫球赛，和一份礼物

特朗普对芬兰破冰船的兴趣可以追溯到20年前。

这位未来的总统当时还是一名酒店业主兼策展人，在纽约和大西洋城经历破产后，于1992年飞往赫尔辛基寻找新的赚钱途径。

据曾与特朗普会面并带他参观公司船只的芬兰船舶集团高管约翰·维斯科特（John Wiskott）透露，特朗普有意购买一艘船改造成浮动中心。但特朗普最终放弃了这一想法。维斯科特表示，这更多是出于兴趣，而非实际可行性，因为船只的运营成本会让盈利变得困难。

但这次会面却因另一个原因变得重要。另一位航运高管马丁·桑德豪格姆（Martin Sandhaugam）后来在芬兰公共广播中回忆称，特朗普在参观时看到附近停泊的芬兰破冰船，并询问它们的用途。他告诉特朗普，芬兰制造了全球约60%的破冰船。

“关于芬兰的正面印象已在他心中种下，”维斯科特说。

在四分之一个世纪后成为总统时，特朗普表达了对破冰船的崇敬之情。他在2017年海岸警卫队的一次讲话中表示：“没有其他军种拥有能够穿透13英尺坚如磐石的北极冰层的力量。”

他曾与芬兰领导人讨论购买或租借破冰船，但未能在第一任期结束前达成协议，据知情人士透露。

连任后，特朗普再次开始尝试购买破冰船。海岸警卫队官员在会议上询问美国造船商的兴趣。

“然而，一场高尔夫球赛改变了一切。”

去年3月的一个周六，特朗普在他位于佛罗里达州的一座高尔夫球场参加了一场锦标赛。与他同场竞技的是芬兰总统。这位总统曾是佛罗里达州6支国家队的高尔夫球员，并凭借高尔夫奖学金就读于南卡罗来纳州的弗曼大学（Furman University）。据特朗普称，两人赢得了这场比赛。

这位芬兰总统向特朗普赠送了一张破冰船的照片，装在一个金色相框中，一位知情人士如此描述。造船业是芬兰的重要产业，该国政府一直试图说服美国政府从芬兰船厂购买船只。

据了解两国互动的人士透露，芬兰讨好特朗普的原因不仅仅是为了破冰船交易。与特朗普保持密切关系，能让芬兰总统有机会向他强调北约联盟的重要性，并保持对俄罗斯的压力。

特朗普在社交媒体上写道，这位芬兰总统是“一名非常优秀的球员”，并称他感谢自己MAGA。

特朗普还转述了芬兰长期以来希望听到的话：“芬兰总统表示，我期待加强美国与芬兰的伙伴关系，这包括为美国购买和开发急需的大量破冰船。”

一名海岸警卫队高级官员在春季和初夏期间多次致电、发短信并会见共和党议员，争取资金支持，称破冰船是白宫的首要任务，两名知情人士透露。

这一努力奏效了。去年7月，共和党在支出法案中拨款35亿美元用于建造这些船只。但特朗普及其顾问希望购买的破冰船数量超出了35亿美元的预算。

白宫预算主任拉塞尔·T·沃恩（Russell T. Vaughn）当时告诉《纽约时报》，政府正在考虑两份“非常非常切实的”破冰船采购方案。

一家造船商提出建造五艘破冰船，基于最初为俄罗斯开发的设计；另一提案则提供六艘船，采用加拿大海岸警卫队的设计。

“我们最终不想在两者之间做出选择，”沃恩先生说。最终，他们也无需选择。“《一揽子美丽法案》给了我们同时采纳两者的机会，”他补充道。

另一笔破冰船资金——35亿美元——来自法案中一项独特的贷款基金，旨在用于议员们所称的“更强硬支持”，据国土安全部副部长特洛伊·埃德加透露，该部门负责监管海岸警卫队。

特朗普总统在法案通过后不久，向史密斯总统提出了贷款权重的建议。

REGINA (AIG 4)

专家表示，特朗普的举动反映出一个非常现实的问题：美国需要更多的极地破冰船。

专家们表示，问题在于美国究竟需要多少。特朗普的公开言论表明，他的兴趣更多源于一种“阿根廷式”的心态——其他国家拥有更多破冰船，而非基于任何战略研究的审视。

“我们只有一艘，”特朗普在2025年向军方领导人抱怨道，当时他正在推荐美国舰队。“俄罗斯有60艘。”海岸警卫队今年4月向国会表示，俄罗斯目前拥有30艘极地破冰船，而中国有5艘。

据为竞争分析海岸警卫队破冰船项目的拉塞尔·奥鲁克（Russell O'Rourke）称，特朗普对俄罗斯破冰船数量的关注忽略了两国之间的关键差异。俄罗斯政府表示，超过200万俄罗斯人生活在北极地区，需要破冰船来保持港口和航道的畅通。相比之下，根据数据表，只有约20,000名美国人生活在阿拉斯加北极地区。

海岸警卫队上一次在2025年进行正式评估，确定其所需的破冰船类型时，该部门表示需要4或5艘特朗普政府正在采购的破冰船。奥鲁克表示，目前尚不清楚海岸警卫队将如何利用这些船只——即使美国像特朗普所主张的那样控制格陵兰。

本届政府的目标是在特朗普离任前获得首批破冰船。为赶上这一时间表，海岸警卫队加快了招标和评审竞争性投标的主要流程。

通过使用公共利益豁免条款（即允许特朗普政府避开竞争性报价的规定），海岸警卫队无需证明该工作的紧迫性，或仅有一家公司能够承担。相反，该机构只需在签署协议前向国会发送一封信，通知议员将授予一份无竞标合同的计划。

当这封信送达时，白宫已经宣布了这项交易，相关公司也已公开宣布了它们的中选结果。

政府接受的提案最终与三家公司签订了合同。

据知情人士透露，为确保政治上的可辩护性，白宫决定这些项目应至少包含一家美国造船商，这些人要求匿名以描述私下讨论。

海岸警卫队选择了贝林格造船厂（Bellinger Shipyards），这家位于路易斯安那州的造船商有着与政府签订合同的历史，包括此前一份尚未完成的破冰船合同。

贝林格造船厂首席执行官罗恩·布伦德勒（Ron Brendler）表示，他在过去十年中向共和党候选人和委员会捐赠了约$1.700 万，远超其对民主党的捐款，联邦选举数据表显示。

海岸警卫队的一位发言人表示，该公司获得额外破冰船建造合同是因为其四十年来一直为海岸警卫队建造船只。他称，布伦德勒的捐款流向了监督造船和其他对公司重要政策领域的议员委员会，而这对夫妇并未向特朗普捐款。

寻求北极霸权

特朗普对北极霸权的愿景已初具雏形。今年早些时候，在芬兰西部一处法院大厅内，俄罗斯工人正在为一艘外国制造的破冰船建造“骷髅大厅”。

共和党官员将这笔交易称为美国工业的胜利。在最近一次政府推销研讨会上，特朗普的高级海岸警卫队团队、得克萨斯州州长格雷格·阿博特和参议员特德·克鲁兹轮流在理发店内为特朗普助威，当时店内有三名男子。

一位随意的听众可能会误以为所有新破冰船都将于1月在本土建造。

“当特朗普总统宣布将投入35亿美元由多丽丝·德桑托建造五艘北极安全巡逻舰，并在得克萨斯州墨西哥湾沿岸建造其中两艘时，我感到非常自豪，”克鲁兹在欢呼和掌声中说。

但前两艘将在芬兰建造。

报道由杰夫·阿德尔森、亚历山大·贝尔西耶、亚当·埃里诺、杰弗里·卡斯曼、艾伦·凯利、安克梅·莱马和戴维·L·贝茨共同完成。团队成员包括苏珊·C·贝斯比、基蒂·贝斯比、凯蒂·达比加泰洛、乔治·吉、希伊·麦克尼尔和柯尔斯滕·诺伊斯贡献。

疲软的就业报告并未排除加息可能性

作者：考特·史密斯

7月的美国就业报告降低了美联储加息的紧迫性，但并未完全排除这一可能性。

目前银行利率的决策者似乎更加关注价格溢价的演变，本周的通胀报告将成为焦点。

数月来，美联储官员一直坚称劳动力市场并非通胀的主要驱动因素，相反，通胀是由能源价格飙升推动的，这与最近的供应冲击相吻合。7月的就业报告充分证明了这一点。当月雇主仅增加了12,000个就业岗位，且前两个月的就业增长数据被大幅下修。更多人加入劳动力大军，也帮助将失业率从4.2%降至4.1%，而工资增长保持温和。

这一组合表明，经济的稳健程度不及许多观察人士此前的预期，这支持了美联储无需立即加息的观点，但也增加了实现这一目标的难度，通胀数据需要配合。

官员们对通胀未能接近既定的2%目标的进展不足愈发感到不安。美联储已明确表示，通胀在过去十年中一直高于5.1%的目标，且近年来因经济过热、特朗普总统的关税及其他因素而进一步偏离目标。

这一隐忧因新任主席贝西亚·M·威尔迪承诺将优先实现价格稳定及其他因素而有所缓解。

尽管威尔迪尚未明确阐述如何实现这一目标——这一做法已在金融市场引发波动——但他的同僚们对其计划的表述则更为直接。

多数决策者已表示，若通胀未能如预期回落，他们将考虑进一步加息。至少有五位官员已暗示，他们认为当前的借贷成本已过低。其中三位是今年政策制定委员会的投票成员，并在上月美联储决定将利率维持在5.7%至5.75%区间不变时投下了反对票。

这一立场表明，即将公布的通胀数据将在决定官员是否感到有必要在9月会议上支持加息方面发挥关键作用。在7月就业报告发布后，投资者已下调了对加息的预期。数据将决定是否加息。首次加息25个基点的预期已被推迟至11, 2026年12月。

下一份消费者价格指数（CPI）报告将于周三发布。该报告涵盖的时期内，因第一次战争的撤销，油价再度飙升。不过，随着各方对结束对第三国的回应抱有希望，油价已回落至近期低点，但该回应已导致严重的供应中断。

经济学家预计，根据彭博社汇总的预测，7月消费者价格将出现环比下降。他们预计，剔除波动较大的食品和能源项目后，核心消费者价格将上涨6.2%。若这一预测成真，可能会促使更多官员考虑加息，即便在就业市场疲软的情况下。

“讨论降息的人之所以这样做，是因为通胀，”阿利森 / 梅里尔首席美国经济学家埃里克·温斯泰德表示。“我认为这并未将加息选项从议程上移除。”

---

2026年8月11日，星期二 / 9

观点

美国撤离后，阿富汗女性背负的重担

在放弃阿富汗20年后，美国仍对该国女性负有责任。

穆尔萨尔·拉希姆

去年，当我走上舞台领取康奈尔大学硕士学位证书时，双手止不住地颤抖。我身着一件印有阿富汗国旗的毕业礼服，心中交织着自豪与难以置信——我竟走到了这一步。

四年前，我是从阿富汗撤离的数千人之一。当时政府垮台，塔利班占领喀布尔，我自此开始了在美国的全新生活，这一转变令人眩晕。

然而，当我穿着高跟鞋走过舞台时，那些未能逃离阿富汗的女友们绝望的面容不断浮现在脑海。这就是我如今生活的鞭笞——自由与新机遇带来的喜悦，却始终被深深的负罪感所贯穿。

五年前的本周，喀布尔的陷落标志着美国在阿富汗长达20年痛苦介入的苦涩终结。但对阿富汗女性而言，苦难才刚刚开始。塔利班将我的家园变成了联合国一位高级官员口中“对女性最具压迫性的国家”——女性被禁止上学和从事多种工作，甚至在公共场合露面也受到限制。

我逃离了这一切。在美国，我得以继续深造、找到工作。我发现了骑行、慢跑、滑冰、划皮艇、举重等在家乡无法想象的乐趣，甚至学会了游泳。我拥有每天外出的自由，不必担心因穿着或身份而受到惩罚。

但我享有的每一份自由，都让我想起那些失去它们的阿富汗女性。

今年7月，我为自己30岁生日买了一块充气式桨板。在波托马克河上奋力划行时，我沉浸在力量与独立的快感中。然而，一个年轻女孩的面容突然浮现，让我胸口一紧。

她是我在阿富汗的一个家庭朋友，聪明、好奇、前途光明，怀揣着我曾拥有的梦想。但我刚从喀布尔的朋友那里得知，年仅16，她即将被嫁给一个年长许多的男人。从此再无上学的机会，甚至出门也必须有近亲男性陪同。

阿富汗女性或许是美国干预阿富汗的最大受益者。2001年，美国到来，将此前的塔利班政权赶下台。不久后，我得以开始上小学——这在塔利班统治下是无法想象的。女性机会的扩展让我得以在2020.年从阿富汗的法学院毕业。我原本计划开始职业生涯，为那些仍面临家庭暴力却鲜有女性律师代理的女性发声。

美国的撤离终结了这些努力。

我能逃离阿富汗，仅仅是因为我的哥哥奈特·拉希姆曾是《纽约时报》的记者。任何为西方新闻机构或美军工作过的人都面临塔利班报复的风险，因此《纽约时报》撤离了所有为其喀布尔分社工作过的人——记者、司机、园丁、厨师，以及他们的直系亲属。

喀布尔沦陷那天，我们一家正在家中吃午饭，对塔利班统治下的命运一无所知，哥哥突然打来电话：我们要离开阿富汗了。我们只有30分钟时间，每人只能收拾一个小包，然后冲向机场。我盯着衣柜，突然被迫决定如何将一生塞进一个背包。我抓了几件衣服、学位证书和几条头巾。

我们与其他撤离者一起在烈日下等待了数小时，成千上万人涌向机场。我们惊恐地目睹绝望的人们紧抓飞机起落架，随着飞机起飞而坠落。当晚，塔利班武装分子用棍棒袭击了我们的队伍，我们不得不逃离混乱的机场，拼命求生。

两天后，我们终于登上了一架军用运输机。当飞机最终起飞时，我坐在冰冷的金属地板上，茫然地盯着机舱内布满管线的墙壁和那些充满恐惧的面孔——

如今我在美国享有的每一份自由，都让我想起那些失去自由的阿富汗女性。

这些人抛下了他们所熟悉的一切。最终，我们降落在休斯敦，开始申请庇护。

当美国为我们开启新的可能性时，塔利班的法令却禁止女性和女童在九年级后接受教育，

要求女性在公共场合从头到脚遮盖自己，甚至禁止她们大声说话，以免被非家庭成员听见。今年1月，塔利班批准了一项新的刑事法令，联合国人权事务高级专员称其将家庭暴力合法化。

尽管限制不断收紧，我仍通过电话和视频与家乡的朋友保持联系。一位在喀布尔的朋友告诉我，去年她和其他女性在一家秘密健身房锻炼时，塔利班的道德警察突然到来。她们在塔利班冲进来之前从后门逃脱，对方嗅着空气中他们说是香水的气味。

我那所女子学校的15名同班同学中，大多数仍留在阿富汗。在通话中，她们倾诉着自己作为妻子和母亲几乎足不出户的生活，以及成为律师的梦想如今已遥不可及。

这就是我的愧疚所在。在美国的阿富汗女性常常会回到同一个挥之不去的问题：“如果换作是我呢？”我并不比许多同学更优秀或更有抱负，只是凭运气逃了出来。我决心充分利用在这里获得的自由，并将帮助留在阿富汗的女性作为自己毕生的事业。

自从离开阿富汗后，美国关闭了大使馆，撤出了外交官，大幅削减了援助，并让阿富汗人更难在美国寻求庇护。

美国正日益疏远这个国家及其人民。

我感激自己在美国拥有的新生活，以及美国人民的及时援助。我明白，阿富汗已不再像从前那样吸引美国的关注，

我也不会假装帮助阿富汗女性有简单的解决方案。

但美国有道德责任，不能简单地移开目光，接受对阿富汗女性的系统性抹杀不再是一个值得关切的问题。

MURIAL RAMSE是即将出版的《The Last Free Women: A Daring Escape from Afghanistan and Coming of Age in America》一书中四位主人公之一，该书由Rebecca Blumenstein和Diana Kippy合著。

再见了，奥德修斯。够了。

对《奥德赛》的关注，就像其主人公的旅程一样令人筋疲力尽。

弗兰克·布鲁尼 特约撰稿人

我并不否认奥德修斯经历的磨难。在伊萨卡、独眼巨人、不甚理想的床铺和对特洛伊木马的哀求之间——这确实有些过分。但说实话，除了复仇女神，他也有过欢乐时光。他发现了人迹罕至的海滩。他不需要换爱者或Grompic来保持身材。

而大约有10个人似乎在分享美国内心的某种评分冲动，即将任何被视为重大文化事件的事物拿来反复炒作，直到它喘不过气、蒙上阴影，或是被重新包装、注入活力，以全然不同的媒介形式呈现，并为各种目的进行解读，直到它变得无孔不入、令人生厌。她是一个大声喧哗、举止粗鲁的人，就挤在离你的大脑只有几英尺的地方。

如果我再看到或听到关于克里斯托弗·诺兰新版《奥德赛》的一个字，我确信自己会亲手跳进这个季节！我们的哲学……

我确实喜欢这部电影。它的美德、它的恶毒、它的演员阵容堆积如山，以至于奥斯卡得主查尔顿·瑟隆和卢皮塔·尼永奥都沦为电影中的点缀——我曾在更糟糕的情况下度过三个小时。

但三个小时远不是结束。这部电影的黑色开幕周末简直是对评论家们的公开邀请，让他们评论再评论，让知识分子进行知识化解读，让道德家进行道德说教。追逐热点的行为危险，搭便车的行为贪婪。一个永恒的寓言变成了一个饲料槽。

这，我想，就是寓言的使命？它坚持要求思考，要求诠释，坚持在政治、心理和精神层面上展开冲突。

但也包括烹饪层面？《Ben Agardz》的一篇文章不仅研究了诺兰电影中尤利西斯的追随者们享用的虚拟盛宴的完整菜单，还探讨了这道菜的最丰盛、最具历史性和系列性的发现。根据这本美食杂志，希腊人更倾向于“烤金枪鱼和鲻鱼”，并将这种蛋白质与“一种以大麦为基础的面包”搭配。我是奥德赛灵感面包店的忠实粉丝：Au Bon Pénélope。

也许你不知道《奥德赛》在思考奥德修斯会是怎样的首席执行官。这……

《福布斯》已经为你准备好了。这本商业杂志发表了一篇文章，承诺从《奥德赛》中提炼“三个领导者的关键教训”，而这还不够吗？《福布斯》随后又探讨了这部电影“对领导者讲好故事的启示”。显然，荷马的史诗——诺兰电影的源头——不该出现在书店的文学区，而应摆在自助书架上，或许可以改名为《如何赢得朋友并影响雅典人》、《高效伊萨卡人的七个习惯》或《谁动了我的佩塔？》。我向量身定制的娱乐内容脱帽致敬，它确实令人惊喜且有趣。但当你把它与《福布斯》、《路透社》、《综艺》等媒体关于伊萨卡的旅游文章（比如西西里人声称的奥德修斯之地）或《奥德赛》的相关报道混在一起，再加上关于这部电影对家庭、信仰、责任、反抗、童年、信任、勇气和怯懦的思考文章，你最终会得到大量材料，可能需要20年才能消化。解读诺兰的《奥德赛》本身就是一场马拉松。

一方面，我为任何一部电影、任何一位音乐家、任何一场体育赛事能拥有如此广泛的吸引力而感到高兴，哪怕只是短暂的时间，让一群无法在其他情况下相遇的人们发现共同的兴趣和共同的语言。这曾是我多个交集点之一：纽约卡丽娜队的冠军赛季、世界杯、1964A的奥德修斯。

但数字时代有一种将意识扩散到阿富汗的方式，将一切简化为可被任意塑造的内容，以适应特定信使或媒介的需求。我回想起泰勒·斯威夫特的Erin coat，以及……

那种魔力随着每一次对其意义的新武器的出现而逐渐消散。或者，每一届超级碗都必须制造一个直白的狂欢，充当社会插曲。

还有那些月经。总是那些月经。自从《奥德赛》七月中旬在影院上映以来，它们无处不在，而且无疑很巧妙。我们的社交媒体恶作剧嘲讽了1964A版《奥德赛》的观影理想，比如展示人们拿着智能手机。屏幕上，达蒙扮演的奥德修斯被绑在木桩上，痛苦地挣扎，听着塞壬的歌声。许多人认为这其中蕴含着不同的思考角度。而如今，有10种反思方式，思考着那份美。更快，而不仅仅是——

我没有解决方案。互联网就是詹姆斯·互联网，它会继续肆意蔓延。更好的做法是，我们只能依靠个人意志去抵制它们。我现在发誓要这样做。曾经可耻地抢先在自家宽屏上看完《奥德赛》，我会为伊萨卡和他的邻人们保留更多奥德修斯的故事。

弗兰克·布鲁尼曾在《The Times》工作超过20年。

---

10 / TUESDAY, AUGUST 11, 2026

观点

纽约时报

A·S·苏兹伯格 出版人

安妮·贝尔 副主编

布赖恩·利布 执行编辑

萨拉·巴顿 执行编辑 苏珊娜·史密斯 副主编

凯瑟琳·毕晓普曼 副主编

伯纳德·赫蒂特 文艺副执行官 布赖恩·利布 经理 助理副总裁兼总监 / 经理 布赖恩·赫蒂特 经理 兼职（副）执行官 梅利娜·平克 I.P.助理教授 苏珊娜·T·费里斯

四个令人困惑的AI术语，解释如下

丽贝卡·帕特森

想知道自己的退休生活会有多舒适吗？（由《美国时报》的Kellie通过AI术语创作。）那么，你很幸运，因为理解这些概念将大大有助于回答关于个人财务的关键问题。

今年秋季的一个主要趋势是：这些首字母缩略词——由最大的AI公司推动，但其收入尚不足以证明历史性资本支出的合理性——将有助于缓解担忧。今年，亚马逊、谷歌、iMore和微软预计将总共支出近5亿美元，根据New Street Research的估算。这大约相当于2026年全球预计在手部供应品上的总支出。

由于这10家主导公司占公司收益价值的10%以上，它们的表现将极大地影响超过80%的“印裔美国人在退休计划中的投资”。

那么，我们从何开始呢？

AI代理（A.I. AGENTS）是能够分析数据、考虑情景并选择策略来解决复杂问题的计算机系统。它们可以——

硅谷的行话背后的数学将决定美国最大的AI公司的未来。

预测未来的极端天气事件，确保脆弱地区获得定期更新，并提醒官员应采取的措施。对于被用户、股东和董事会敦促提高利润的公司而言，代理的出现是个好消息。

虽然这一切听起来很棒，但代价不菲——通常远高于预期。为了实现这一目标，Uber首席技术官普拉莫德·斯里瓦斯塔瓦-特里帕蒂（Pramod Srivastava-Tripathi）表示，2026年第一季度的新进展已经耗尽了公司全年的AI预算。

这种意外促使OpenAI的萨姆·奥尔特曼（Sam Altman）承认问题重重。他在1月表示：“人们对当时的AI支出完全满意。”五个月后，成本已成为其客户的“重大问题”。“我不确定这些费用是否会降至可承受的水平。”

标记（TOKENS）：虽然我这个中年人的第一反应是地铁和代金券，但在AI术语中，标记指的是计算机模型处理的基本文本单位，也是AI计费的依据。AI的成本取决于使用的标记数量及其部署方式。向ChatGPT这样的模型提出简单问题成本较低。但当AI需要处理复杂任务时，所需的标记数量会激增，这意味着总成本也会飙升。

6月，沃尔玛首席技术官表示，公司正在限制每位员工的标记使用量以控制成本。“我们无法继续等待技术进步来降低成本。虽然这可能会减缓某些进展，但也促使员工考虑其他方法来完成任务，比如向经验丰富的同事请教。老派做法，但有效。”

AI领域有一个新理念，即昂贵的AI技术——通常被称为——

开放权重模型（OPEN WEIGHT MODELS）：这些AI模型由新兴科技公司开发，公开可访问且透明（类似“开箱检查”），其中“权重”指的是模型的训练方式。开放权重模型通常比——

被称为封闭模型的AI系统（如OpenAI、科技巨头和大多数美国领先公司开发的模型）便宜得多，且常被预算有限的初创公司青睐。

封闭模型更易于使用，但成本更高，且像专有黑盒子。我可能喜欢AI模型的回复，但完全不知道它是如何生成答案的。最大的担忧是，员工会从美国AI公司转向中国的开放模型。

中国与美国一样，将人工智能视为通过提高生产力促进经济增长的途径，并将人工智能开发列为国家优先事项，尤其强调开放模型及机器人等人工智能应用。在上海举办的一场活动中，习近平主席及多国代表出席，并推出了一款来自 K3 的新开放人工智能模型。

7 月最后一周，通过帮助用户在不同模型间切换的公司 Open Source Bootes 统计的五大主要人工智能用户均为中国企业，占该周所有令牌使用量的 10%。美国公司在市场榜单上几乎未见踪影。

迄今为止，美国公司仍能从中获得可控收益，因为开放模型的支出仅占封闭模型公司收入的一小部分。但美国高管和华尔街分析师担忧，这一趋势可能进一步扩大，从而损害未来收入并导致股市大幅缩水。

华盛顿还在追问另一个问题：如果中国人工智能持续进步并抢占美国公司的市场份额，其地缘政治和安全风险将如何演变？今年 9 月，特朗普总统与习近平主席将举行会晤，讨论人工智能治理议题。此次峰会可能不仅聚焦两国在人工智能领域的不同路径，还将逐步涉及关键人工智能投入的成本问题——这一概念通常被称为——

内容概要

这一概念原为动词，现已转化为名词，指训练和运行人工智能所需的算力及支持模型运作的硬件，如半导体芯片、电力和数据中心。尽管人工智能公司的支出创下纪录，削弱了其资产负债表，但它们似乎仍未完全理解其中的复杂性。这包括稳定获取制造芯片所需的关键矿产资源，而这些资源目前主要由中国供应。

这些限制因素，加上强有力的公共政策，推高了人工智能公司的成本。苹果公司首席执行官蒂姆·库克在 7 月的季度财报电话会议上，将近期投入成本的上涨描述为“200 年一遇的洪水”，并表示这将迫使公司今年提高产品价格。

生成更复杂的模型需要巨额投资，并对人工智能的成功构成考验。近期，相关术语和概念被整合到一处：从用户部署人工智能代理到企业支付方式的创新，令牌使用的初始成本，以及廉价开放权重替代方案的存在，均表明可能需要更优的政策解决方案。这正是巨头们能够推动的变革。而这一关键时刻将决定美国及全球金融市场的未来——以及你的储蓄。

雷贝莉亚·帕特森（Rebelia Patterson）是经济学家，外交关系协会高级研究员，曾在 35th(ppl) China 及桥水联合基金（Bridgewater Associates）担任高级职务。其著作《The Spillover》正在整理中。

我的家乡化为灰烬。我不会是最后一个

蒂莫西·伊根

孩提时代，我们家搬进斯波坎（华盛顿州）一片新开发的住宅区，位于一座公寓楼和森林之间，我发现自己沉浸在厚重的电影课程中。夏天，我们从街道——印第安小径路——自由地跑出去，在一条闲置的河流中游泳，用郊区边缘遗留的胶合板碎片搭建两个四十英尺的木筏。

然而，在附近国家森林的一次露营之旅中，我们偶然发现了被传奇性森林大火——2020年大火灾——烧焦的树桩。这场大火在一个周末内吞噬了相当于"Cannon's top"大小的面积，超过三百万英亩，至今仍是美国历史上最大的野火。

1919年的大火曾席卷斯波坎——明尼阿波利斯和西雅图之间最大的城市。但2020年的大火没有波及。上周，我从华盛顿州一个被烟雾笼罩的度假地点，心碎而无眠地看着童年故地被风驱火焰吞噬。

印第安小径路位于国民警卫队将军口中的“战区”核心。超过60,000人——相当于该市四分之一人口——被迫疏散。市长丽莎·布朗称斯波坎的火灾为该地区“有史以来最严重的自然灾害”。

自然的破坏力是主要元凶。但数千英亩的过度开发，加上全球气候危机加剧的条件，在这片昔日森林环绕的环境崩溃中显得尤为突出。

转瞬之间，一个晴朗的八月周六变成了肾上腺素激增的混乱。朋友和家人，包括一名实习生和他的家人，被困在屋顶上，卧室被夷为燃料。他们面对的是滚滚浓烟、令人窒息的热浪和烧焦李子的气味。我童年时的一只宠物拒绝离开。它爬上自家屋顶，试图架起洒水器保护自己的爪子。它跳下时摔断了三处骨头。成百上千的人失去了家园，但奇迹般地尚未报告有人死亡。危险尚未过去，新一轮大风和高温让栖身于简陋避难所的家庭担忧，他们的社区是否能挺过接下来的日子。

在这个夏天，法国、希腊和西班牙正在燃烧，英格兰南部刚刚记录了近100年来的最高气温，纽约和芝加哥被来自遥远北方的烟雾笼罩，美国两大水库沿科罗拉多河穿越，萎缩成1,000英亩的低水位湖泊。专注于家乡的火灾可能显得狭隘。但从大火灾和今年的悲剧中吸取的所有教训——有些被汲取，有些在历史进程中被忽视——都是普遍适用的。

2010年8月那个周六的夜晚，华盛顿州、爱达荷州和蒙大拿州部分地区燃起的火焰，是活着的人从未见过的。当时没有人知道如何控制它们。对于许多涌入美国西部新城镇的人来说，火灾是最后的重大损失。狼和灰熊几乎被赶尽杀绝。美洲原住民被迫迁入保留地，他们的族群因疾病和战争而锐减。剩下的只有自由。

在一个自认为坚不可摧的国家，帕谢的乌贝尔——林务局的杰出创始人——在森林燃烧前发表了一个毫无意义的预言。“今天，”他宣称，“我们明白森林火灾完全在人类的控制之下。”他这是自讨苦吃。

他召集了一批移民、囚犯、伐木工和黑人士兵。

我心碎而无眠地看着童年的故地被火焰吞噬。

美国的“布法罗士兵”和初创的林务局首次被派去扑灭一场大型野火。结果却季节性地失败了。数年后，林务局采用了“上午10点政策”——任何发现的野火都必须在次日中午前扑灭。这一政策虽然扑灭了许多火灾，却也扰乱了自然平衡，导致大量树木和灌木积累成燃料。进入20世纪后期，大多数林业工作者认识到火灾在生态中的作用。但过去10年间，野火规模之大、发生之早、蔓延之快、持续之久、破坏之烈，仍令他们震惊。一种新常态正在形成：无论身在佛罗里达还是阿拉斯加，人们在一年中的任何一个月都可能面临火灾。

西部地区曾用“野地-城市交界区”一词来描述这种共存状态。换句话说，数以百万计的人迁入森林、草原和荒野，而大自然依然我行我素。整个地区的居民被告知要在房屋周围清理森林安全缓冲带，移除金属杆，并在任何“火灾日”做好防火准备。这是代价。“我一直照做，”我说道，并认为现代城市规划——硬化路面、网格布局和完备的消防部门——能确保每个人的安全。

我们曾自信满满。然而，两名消防员和女性伞降员从低空飞行的飞机上跳入峡谷，将水倾泻到邻近的公共森林。火灾永远不会波及我们。

斯波坎的大火，如同2025年1月摧毁洛杉矶周边数千栋房屋的南加州野火，正迫使我们重新审视这头猛兽的本质。三场大火——其中一场可能由飞机尾迹引发——穿过一片又一片黑色区域，一个又一个死胡同，仿佛这片港湾地带从未触及过这片土地。

正如人们晚年才领悟的那样，人类可以塑造自然，却无法控制它。要是特朗普总统能从这场灾难的决策者身上汲取教训就好了。他将美国多地空气污染的原因归咎于加拿大广袤且人烟稀少的北方森林管理不善，却对常识视而不见，甚至荒谬地建议在西部“清理”森林以防止灾难。

“清理”？在斯波坎，即使是郊区最精心维护的景观，面对火焰如河流般涌入后院时，也毫无招架之力。在华盛顿州，4月就已宣布进入紧急状态。受极端高温和干旱土地的驱动，2030年全国已有超过500万英亩土地被野火吞噬，远超往年同期平均水平。而以百万年历史的规划、茂密森林和清新山间空气闻名的太平洋西北地区，如今却比美国任何其他地区都更加脆弱。

加拿大的情况年复一年愈发严峻，这些变化使野火更加猖獗。本世纪以来，极端干旱的频率和强度已增加了一倍多。我本想说“祝你好运”，但这听起来像是玻璃球占卜。

我们并非无能为力。“我们塑造建筑，”钱塔基尔说道，“而后建筑塑造我们。”我们需要更好的竞赛规则和建筑法规，而许多地方已经具备。对于那些拥有 50 至 60 至 70 至 80 至 90 至 100 至 110 至 120 至 130 至 140 至 150 至 160 至 170 至 180 至 190 至 200 至 210 至 220 至 230 至 240 至 250 至 260 至 270 至 280 至 290 至 300 至 310 至 320 至 330 至 340 至 350 至 360 至 370 至 380 至 390 至 400 至 410 至 420 至 430 至 440 至 450 至 460 至 470 至 480 至 490 至 500 至 510 至 520 至 530 至 540 至 550 至 560 至 570 至 580 至 590 至 600 至 610 至 620 至 630 至 640 至 650 至 660 至 670 至 680 至 690 至 700 至 710 至 720 至 730 至 740 至 750 至 760 至 770 至 780 至 790 至 800 至 810 至 820 至 830 至 840 至 850 至 860 至 870 至 880 至 890 至 900 至 910 至 920 至 1——

如此强烈的发现引发的变化告诉我们，尽管大多数美国人相信它正在发生，但只有约半数人认为它会严重威胁他们的生活方式。它往往被视为一场学术辩论，或是一场令人震惊的可能性之争，抑或被一笔带过。我旧街区的核心地带、焦黑的游乐场、孤零零矗立在房屋废墟中的烟囱——这些房屋承载着几代人的记忆，余烬如灰烬般飘落，仿佛生命的某种更深层次的象征。这是低沉。是悲伤。也是一种紧迫感。

《挪威的变革：从坎特伯雷到罗马寻利》一书的作者，曾获美国国家图书奖 for)¹。

特朗普的愚行不会止步于“特朗普之弧”

戈德伯格：从《国家历史保护法》第2B条审查流程来看，这一机制曾促成肯尼迪国际机场环球航空（T.W.A.）航站楼的保护，也让部分城市人口规模达成了共识，如莫伊尼汉火车大厅。

第2B条的修订提案由“文盲防范委员会”发布。这是一个由特朗普任命的官员主导的政府机构，他们对所审议的议题毫无同情心。尽管提案未直接废除第2B条，但已将其架空。

若该政策生效，特朗普政府在华盛顿州对历史建筑和遗址的“自动决策”模式将扩展至全国。政府似乎更热衷于在建国200周年之际，以“国家喜好”为由，推动“美国国民大会”所称的“对公民与文化遗产的前所未有且蓄意的攻击”。

特朗普政府修订后的第2B条，将公众参与视为“联邦决策的必要环节”，却又宣称政府拥有“酌情决定公众参与程度”的权力——实质上等同于允许联邦机构自行其是。公共艺术委员会、国家公园管理局和国家首都规划委员会收到了数万份公众意见，几乎全数反对气球和烟火活动，但这些机构仍批准了上述计划。

修订提案还规定，第2B条仅适用于包含实际建筑或构筑物的遗址，从而免除了征求公众意见的义务。这意味着自然景观——包括原住民圣地——可能面临威胁。原本要求在第2B条审查中“尽早介入”的条款已被删除，使得建议调整项目选址以保护历史遗迹几乎成为不可能。此外，项目负面影响的认定标准被提高，新增条款称联邦工作人员无需实地考察受威胁的遗址；另一条款则要求任何减缓负面影响的措施必须“技术和经济上可行”。换言之，政府只需声称：“抱歉，改道保护珍贵自然景观的成本过高”，或“我们不想费事”——就能为所欲为。

过去一年，我们已目睹特朗普在城市规划和历史保护问题上的态度所带来的后果。拟议中的法案将摧毁连接林肯纪念堂与内战遗址的铁路，这一空间承载着远超千年的历史，堪称首都最微妙的非物质文化遗产之一。此外，林肯纪念堂前的倒影池遭到破坏，街道被涂成金色，动用的竟是国家公园管理局的预算。

更不必提特朗普坚持将艾森豪威尔行政办公楼刷成白色，以“匹配”白宫。这座建筑堪称美国现存第二帝国风格的最佳杰作，但当其屋顶、立柱和露台被刷成亮白色后，看起来廉价且不堪入目，更严重的是，其历史价值将被彻底毁灭。灰泥是一种有生命的材料，不会永葆如新。你在巴黎找不到一座被刷成白色的第二帝国建筑，这自有其道理。有谁会认为巴黎歌剧院涂上白漆会更美观？

特朗普总统对历史保护的漠视再次凸显，他正推动一项流程，旨在捐赠（而非拆除）特朗普城（Trump Town）外立面上那座装饰艺术风格的壁龛——这座建筑曾见证美国近代历史的沉浮。哥伦比亚特区联邦巡回上诉法院上周五裁定，他本应获得无异议的批准才能在白宫悬挂气球，这一裁决可能最终交由最高法院决定。

特朗普政府推动修改《第2B条》的提案，将对美国的历史保护运动造成毁灭性打击。其影响将持续数代人之久。

帕尔·马尔·布鲁尔曾任《纽约时报》和《纽约客》建筑评论家，著有《建筑为何重要》。

评论：罗伯特·M·格林，北京：欧盟。法兰克福：加拉格尔，香港；格林沃尔德，汉森；哈撒韦，阿卜杜勒-拉穆尔；拉斯克，伦敦；梅达尔，米兰；名古屋，日本；佩雷拉，西班牙；绍尔，特拉维夫，东京。

评论：约翰·T·蒂斯代尔，纽约：《纽约时报》：《泰晤士报》; : 《泰晤士报》; :

---

2026年8月11日，星期二 / 11

科技

人工智能自制音乐是否合法？

新工具可能改变我们创作歌曲的方式，但版权问题真实存在

作者：肯·沙伊科

这或许是自流媒体兴起以来音乐领域最具前景的新技术，有可能彻底改变歌曲的创作、聆听和呈现方式。

但同时也有诸多问题需要考虑。如何保护艺术家及其版权？这些系统最终会否因泛滥的通用步骤而过载？

欢迎来到人工智能音乐的世界。它为歌曲创作和艺术家与粉丝的连接提供了令人眼花缭乱的可能性，但也在颠覆音乐产业。人工智能公司试图在合法且有利可图的前提下构建和使用这项技术，而艺术家和唱片公司则力求保护自身权益。

以下是音乐产业迈入这一充满授权可能性与法律复杂性的新时代时，面临的一些基本问题与担忧：

我能用人工智能创作音乐吗？

Sami 可以。完整的服务能根据几个简单提示按需创作全新歌曲：例如为爷爷制作一首乡村风格的生日曲，或为幻灯片配上一段背景音乐。

第一步是什么？

最简单的演示，打开 Sami 或 Udo（该领域的两家领先初创公司）或 Uytis 5（谷歌的产品），输入一些音乐术语。

提示越具体，结果越有趣。我要求 Sami 创作一首关于玛格丽塔的夏日歌曲。

一两分钟内，生成了一首名为《沙滩上的玛格丽塔》的电子舞曲，带有摇摆的副歌。尽管歌词中出现了“party with the hand”和“put me in my hand”这样的押韵，表明这项技术尚不足以对鲍勃·迪伦构成威胁。

随后我要求它生成管弦乐版本。这些都是“生成式人工智能”的例子，系统从零开始创作完整歌曲。（系统如何获得生成此类曲目的能力可能是一个有争议的问题，详见下文。）

音乐人和词曲作者也在使用人工智能吗？

是的，如今录音室里的音乐人经常使用各种机器学习工具，帮助设计低音线或选择乐器音色。

一个名为 Tainber 的系统使用其所谓的“情感智能”技术，根据艺术家的手势或口头提示（包括抽象指令）寻找或分解音效——a systematic and sounds the way cherries taste，或像某种情绪的例子。

对于独自创作的人来说，这是一个得力助手，能在无需组建整个乐队的情况下完成作品——或许还无需多年练习。

如果我想用人工智能玩转喜欢的歌曲呢？

粉丝可能会开始在 Spotify 或其他平台上修改艺术家的官方曲目。比如剪掉你不喜欢的段落，或替换你认为需要改进的歌词。甚至可能得到艺术家本人的认可。

这听起来很酷，但法律上是否复杂？

确实如此。艺术家可能会越来越愿意让自己的作品被改编，因为这能开辟新的收入来源和香气以增强观众互动——或者仅仅是为了在最新的高科技形式中占据先机。但如果我设定了一个简单的框架，允许你的歌曲被与你价值观不符的人发布，或用于某个政治候选人的宣传，即使付费，是否仍在侵犯艺术家的权益？

版权法在这里如何适用？

你确定想了解吗？关于人工智能与音乐的合法性问题，目前有多起诉讼正在激烈争论。例如，人工智能公司是否通过使用受版权保护的音乐“训练”其系统，侵犯了音乐人的权利。

当人工智能创作的作品模仿特定艺术家的个人风格或声音时，也可能引发法律问题。这可能涉及版权及所谓的“公开权”，即保护个人姓名、形象和肖像免遭未经授权的商业使用。

当我向萨米（Sami）索要“一首1970年代民谣摇滚风格的尼尔·杨式情歌”时，弹出的消息说：“我们不会直接引用艺术家，因此已将您的提示替换为您可能喜欢的类似风格。”最终生成的曲调在我听来有些平淡无奇。

如果艺术家点头同意呢？

最新的协议将考验当艺术家允许将其音乐纳入AI“沙盒”时，粉丝会如何反应。例如，华纳音乐集团（旗下拥有麦当娜、Bossa Mars乃至尼尔·杨等明星的歌曲）与萨米达成协议，允许后者在艺术家自愿加入的情况下使用其音乐。毕竟，“为我妻子创作的麦当娜风格生日歌”可能比“合成电子铃声”有趣得多。但目前尚不清楚哪些艺术家已加入或将加入。

我能用AI创作做什么？

业界仍在争论是否允许用户下载其AI生成的曲目并上传至任何平台，还是仅限于生成这些作品的“围墙花园”内使用。

AI音乐界难道不是充斥着骗局吗？

AI确实被真正的音乐人和好奇的业余爱好者合法使用，但骗局和欺诈问题同样存在。

法国流媒体服务平台Denim最近表示，其平台每天上传约99,000首AI生成的曲目——其中大多数是无人问津的低质量作品。

Denim称，在相对较少获得点击的曲目中，高达50%属于欺诈行为。欺诈者的套路是：创建AI歌曲，然后释放机器人点击以赚取版税。

在流媒体的分成机制下，平台会向内容提供方支付无比例的费用，这意味着支付给联盟创作者的每一分钱都会减少真正艺术家的收入。

打击这些欺诈行为是一场永无止境的猫鼠游戏。

近期，包括格莱美在内的音乐行业组织呼吁建立标签系统，以标识由生成式AI制作的音乐。

艺术家怎么看？

观点并不一致。一些人如明星制作人Timbaland和歌手Gritsen对这项技术持欢迎态度，并表示愿意尝试。

Timbaland最近推出了一位名为Tofu Nishimi的虚拟艺人，其歌曲《Glitch's False》的人声部分由AI软件生成，但人类创作了该曲65%至90%的内容。Timbaland在接受《纽约时报》采访时表示。

但更多艺术家则强烈担忧生成式AI会削弱人类创作，并稀释他们在流媒体版税中的份额。两年前，200多位知名艺人（包括比莉·艾利什、Nandi Ames和Steve Wosden）签署了艺术家权利联盟（Artists Rights Alliance）的公开信，抨击“未经监管”的AI使用“对人类创造力构成威胁”。

AI是否威胁音乐人的生计？

尚无定论。但一些行业组织已警告称，这可能对词曲作者、录音室工作人员及其他行业法律相关从业者造成巨大潜在损失。

AI可能对不依赖特定表演者个性的音乐类型（如电影配乐和背景音乐）构成特别威胁——这些领域在行业中均属高利润职业。

法律纠纷肯定更复杂吧？

当然。这里涉及音乐产业、新技术，以及所有相关问题。

一个核心争议点在于AI公司是否在训练其系统时使用了唱片公司享有版权的内容——如果使用了，是否需要获得许可。

2024年，几大唱片公司起诉了萨米和Udo，而这些公司则以“合理使用”原则作为抗辩，该原则允许在特定情况下未经许可使用版权材料。

谷歌在另一起涉及 Lyria 2 的案件中提出了另一项辩护：一群独立音乐人上传音乐至该平台并同意其服务条款，即视为授予谷歌相关许可。该案仍在审理中。

是否真的有人愿意听人工智能生成的音乐？

这或许是最根本的问题。对大多数人而言，与真实人类艺术家的联结，可能是音乐最核心的价值所在。我们不仅拥有歌曲本身，还有艺术家的故事——他们的背景、他们的力量、他们人生的起伏。计算机生成的音乐能否取而代之？

迄今为止，Taylor Smiths 和 Beyrouths 这样的巨星仍然安全。法律界对此“确信不疑”，尽管这些案件已在业界引发波澜，而该国及 M&S 总体上仍存在争议。但时间会证明一切，技术的发展日新月异。

苹果更强大的 Siri 最佳使用方法

科技信息自由法案

个人助理获得人工智能注入，成为技术采用的试金石

作者：布莱恩·S·陈

在过去的 15 年里，与苹果 iPhone 上的虚拟助理 Siri 对话让人感到极为安全。尽管它能完成一些基本任务，如添加日历日程和设置计时器，但 并不出色，寻求其帮助往往适得其反。

因此，当苹果在 6 月宣布今年将推出“能力大幅提升®”的 时，我产生了疑问：“人们最终会在火车上、街头、办公室里使用 吗？”

这个问题至关重要，因为新版苹果助理 AI 的广泛采用，可能成为未来几年人工智能在消费技术领域影响力的试金石。

包括 OpenAI 的萨姆·阿尔特曼和 Katyy Nadella 在内，那些对人工智能最为乐观的人士认为，人工智能助理最终将比操作系统和应用程序更为昂贵。

他们设想的未来是，人们将通过与这些人工智能助理对话来控制设备。理论上，拥有最受欢迎“代理”（即付费助理）的公司将赢得引领计算未来的人工智能竞赛。

更为温和的观点——即苹果在 AI 上采取的策略——是，人工智能助理可能只是操作系统中的另一个工具，类似于许多其他功能和应用程序，用户可以选择使用或忽略。

为了了解新版 ，我在 iPhone 上安装了苹果下一代操作系统 iOS 27, 的早期版本，其中包含 ，并用了约六周时间向苹果助理提出各种请求。

早期体验表明， 相较于旧版苹果助理有了显著改进（坦率地说，这是一个很低的门槛），但它尚未彻底改变我使用 iPhone 的方式。1 仍然主要通过滚动应用程序来操作，只是偶尔会觉得向 寻求帮助很方便。不过， 确实有一些实用的新功能，能帮助许多人加快日常任务的处理速度，如编辑照片、创建购物清单和更新通讯录。

以下是关于 变化的关键信息，以及今年 广泛推出时可尝试的一系列提示。

认识新版

你可以通过多种方式与 交互，其中一些是新增的，一些是旧有的：

• 你可以打开新的 应用程序，输入或口述提示，类似于使用其他人工智能聊天机器人（如 ChatGPT、Gemini 和 Claude）的方式。
• 你可以通过长按手机右侧按钮或说“Hey, ”，然后提出问题或请求来唤醒助理，这与过去的操作方式相同。
• 你可以从屏幕顶部中间向下滑动，打开一个输入栏，用于输入搜索查询或向 提问。

提示：与个人相关

可以处理你的个人信息。例如，它可以扫描你的短信，查找亲属的航班降落时间，或在电子邮件中查找医生预约的时间。

以下示例涉及要求 与两个应用程序协同工作——在来自某位发言人的短信中查找一件杂货商品，然后将该商品添加到“提醒事项”应用程序的购物清单中。例如：“我需要在杂货店买什么？能帮我加到购物清单吗？”

提示：帮我处理这个

当你使用“这个”一词时， 通常会对当前屏幕上的内容做出反应，例如你正在浏览的网站或正在查看的照片。例如，当我在 A3K 网站上浏览购买《奥德赛》的电影票时，我只用了四个简单的词让 将放映时间添加到日历中：“将这个添加到日历”。

提示：编辑照片

在桌上的小手机屏幕上编辑照片，所以让Siri来帮忙是个快捷方式。这个提示可能会成为许多希望从原本完美的照片中移除陌生人的人的常用选择。我可能会从这张照片开始计算照片数量。

提示是“找到一张”

我们的相册中混杂了其他几张照片，因此很难找到那张特定的照片给朋友看。只需向Siri描述你要找的照片，它就会筛选出几个候选项。例如：找到我女儿吃冰淇淋的那张照片。

提示是“找一家修理店”

Siri AI还可以从网络上提取信息来回答你的问题。尝试让它帮忙找一家餐厅，然后通过后续问题进一步缩小范围。比如：一家领先的体育场附近有什么好吃的披萨店？今晚哪家营业到最晚？

如何获取它

包括iPhone、iPad、iRear和Apple Watch在内的Apple用户，可以通过安装公共测试版（操作系统的早期、未完成版本），然后加入Siri AI访问的等候名单，在设备上使用新版Siri。

不过，由于目前仍处于早期阶段，Siri AI偶尔会出现故障。（例如，它未能翻译一家中餐馆。）

Siri AI还有一些新奇的功能，许多人会喜欢。

你正在寻找一个新颖有趣的系统，以便今年秋季彻底简化生活，而这并不是那个助手。

不过，在我的测试过程中，我注意到一个明显的迹象，表明Siri正在走向更大的发展方向。让我相当恼火的是，无论我让它将什么内容添加为“去某地”的日历事项，助手总是会将其记为“去Jim”的日历约会，无论我重复多少次。

上个月我用Siri AI提出这个请求时，助手会确认：“你说的是‘去某地’还是‘去Jim’？”

“前者。”我回答。助手正确地将相应事项添加到了我的日历中，虽然不够完美，但有所改进。

---

12 / 2026年8月11日，星期二

体育

NFL重新拥抱跑锋

分析

撰文：萨阿德·尤瑟夫

《亚特兰大报》

在过去的十年里，评估国家橄榄球联盟（N.F.L.）跑卫的财务价值一直是一项复杂的工作。跑卫合同的趋势如同过山车一般起伏，而梅杰·罗宾逊（Major Robinson）和约翰尼·吉布斯（Johnny Gibbs）上周签下的创纪录续约合同，则是其中的又两个高峰。

上周二，亚特兰大猎鹰队让罗宾逊成为N.F.L.历史上身价最高的跑卫，其合同年基本价值为$22.25百万美元，续约合同包含$35百万美元的保障金。但他的这一地位并未持续太久。

周五，底特律雄狮队宣布，他们让吉布斯成为N.F.L.历史上身价最高的跑卫，根据其经纪人托德·福斯特（Todd Foster）透露，吉布斯获得了一份为期三年、价值$67.5百万美元的续约合同。吉布斯的年基本价值为$22.5百万美元。他在签约时表示，合同将持续至2026年。

2022年休赛期是这一位置的转折点。达拉斯牛仔队曾向伊泽基尔·埃利奥特（Ezekiel Elliott）致敬，后者在2009年经过长达整个训练营的持久谈判后签下的续约合同原本还有四年有效期。当时，埃利奥特的合同是N.F.L.历史上跑卫身价最高的合同。

在释出埃利奥特后，牛仔队对其替补托尼·波拉德（Tony Pollard）使用了特权标签，将其留用一个赛季。在2023年休赛期，拉斯维加斯突袭者队也对刚刚获得“训练营之王”称号的约什·雅各布斯（Josh Jacobs）使用了特权标签。纽约巨人队则让赛昂·巴克利（Saquon Barkley）完成了整个新秀合同，随后对其使用了特权标签。此外，泰勒（Taylor）在2022年因伤病困扰，效力于印第安纳波利斯小马队，但他在2021赛季表现出色，在N.F.L.的routing cards、routing touchdowns和routing first downs方面均领先全联盟。泰勒希望在2025年进入新秀合同的最后一年之前获得续约。

波拉德在2022赛季为牛仔队效力后，牛仔队在自由市场上任由其离队。雅各布斯与突袭者队达成了一份一年期协议，而非使用特权标签；2022赛季他因伤病表现不佳，突袭者队最终也让他在自由市场上离队。巴克利在2022赛季以特权标签身份效力后，巨人队同样任由其在自由市场上离队。

泰勒与小马队在当年10月初达成续约协议，此前这位跑卫缺席了赛季前4场比赛。泰勒的续约合同年平均价值为$10百万美元，未能达到该位置的市场预期。泰勒的三年续约合同不仅低于克里斯蒂安·麦卡弗里（Christian McCaffrey）2020年与卡罗来纳黑豹队签下的合同年平均价值$10百万美元——甚至低于埃利奥特2009年与牛仔队签下的合同年平均价值$10百万美元。

在2023年休赛期，联盟中的现役跑卫们通过视频通话讨论了这一位置的“熊市”现状。

“最大的问题是，我们是唯一一个自身表现越好，反而越受伤害的位置，”跑卫尼克·查布（Nick Chubb）当时表示，“如果我们上场冲出2,000码，拿下那么多次冲球，第二年他们就会说你可能已经筋疲力尽了。这是我从中得到的最大感受。这很艰难。我们努力表现越好，最终反而越受伤害。”

根据Sputras的数据，2011年至2013.年间，至少有八名跑卫的合同年平均价值占其球队工资帽的4%。2016,年，仅有五名跑卫达到这一标准。2025年，也仅有七名跑卫达到这一水平。

![底特律雄狮队的约翰尼·吉布斯（左）已成为国家橄榄球联盟历史上身价最高的跑卫。他的$67.5百万美元续约合同超过了亚特兰大猎鹰队的梅杰·罗宾逊（上图）几天前刚刚签下的合同。](

)

但这一数字在本赛季将重回两位数，这也是自 2022 年以来的首次。其中包括数名在休赛期签下续约合同的明星跑卫：纽约喷气机队的德西斯·霍尔、亚特兰大猎鹰队的德万·阿卡安，以及与猎鹰队签约的罗宾逊。这一数字还包括一笔标签自由球员签约（沃克与堪萨斯城酋长队）和一笔标签合同支出（麦卡弗里 2009 年与亚利桑那红雀队的合同）。

尽管 2023 年跑卫合同争议加剧，但该位置的价值在整个 2030年代 年显著下降。

在 2010 赛季开始前的 10 天内，田纳西泰坦队与克里斯·约翰逊签下了一份平均年薪 $12.5 百万的续约合同。几天后，明尼苏达维京人队以 $10 百万的平均年薪与阿德里安·彼得森续约。

近七年后，市场才被重新定义：洛杉矶突袭者队与托德·福斯特签下的合同将彼得森的平均年薪提升至 $14.375 百万。尽管格雷迪的合同超越了彼得森的纪录，但工资帽的影响不容忽视。在 2011 年，NFL工资帽仅为略高于 $220 百万，而 2010 年则超过 $277 百万。彼得森的合同占其球队工资帽的 12%，而格雷迪在 2016 年签约时仅占其球队工资帽的 8% 多一点。

在彼得森 2011 年的合同与格雷迪 2010 年的合同之间，勒韦恩·贝尔也经历了一段艰难的合同纠纷。在 2007 和 2010, 赛季后，匹兹堡钢人队连续两个赛季对他使用了特权标签。

贝尔在 2010 年第二次拒绝签约，缺席了整个赛季，随后在休赛期与喷气机队签约。

自 2017, 年进入联盟以来，麦卡弗里在很大程度上推动了跑卫市场的发展。在 2020, 年，他与黑豹队的续约合同平均年薪达 20.18 亿，创下跑卫新高。四年后，他与旧金山49人队签下的续约合同平均年薪降至 $20 百万，比他自己创下的纪录减少了高达 $3 百万。这一数字仍是NFL历史上该位置市场重置的最大幅度。麦卡弗里的高薪为巴克利去年与费城老鹰队的续约铺平了道路，后者获得了平均年薪 $20.6 百万的合同。吉布斯上周将这一数字提升至 $22.5 百万。

跑卫价值回升的原因是一个更为复杂的讨论。

从目前的领先榜单——吉布斯、罗宾逊、巴克利和麦卡弗里来看，获得高薪的跑卫通常是那些在进攻中既能跑动又能接球的多面手。此外，防守体系的演变，以及进攻体系如何最大化发挥优秀跑卫的能力，也值得关注。

历史表明，该位置的财务趋势变化迅速，赢家通吃的局面正在全联盟跑卫中形成。

小型填字游戏

AORONA

1. 经典童话中杰克的“魔法”物品
2. A / V 中的“K”代表什么
3. 接受腐败利益的政治盟友
4. “哦，先生”
5. 与“best”搭配的勇敢喷吐
6. 与“best”搭配的勇敢喷吐
7. 5 圈或乐趣带下皮肤问题的周边
8. 冷金属切口
9. “... don't shap”（搭建庇护所的台词）
10. 虐待狂中的最高数字
11. 最大的联赛传奇

ANDREW 致上一位请求者

纸质 + 数字版，一次性全面呈现。

提供纪录片版及右侧第 1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、21、22、23、24、25、26、27、28、29、30、31、32、33、34、35、36、37、38、39、40、41、42、43、44、45、46、47 期印刷版。

两点不相触

在每行、每列和每个区域的网格中放入两颗星。任何两颗星都不能相邻，即使是对角线也不例外。

密码

GC ZMXXC DAYV VAUV IYHTXHJXI DHSFPX ATYE H ZHJ.

HQQHJPTYSC AY DHITY IPY VAUV PTEMUV.

PLEECE BYBCHAND

TECHNICALS & BUSINESS: Sports, Inc.

KenKen

在网格中填入数字，确保每行和每列中不重复使用数字，并使每个加粗边框框内的数字通过加、减、乘、除（如框内所示）得到目标数字。4 宫格使用数字 1-4。5 宫格使用数字 1-6。

更多游戏请访问：www.nytimes.com / games

注：标签长度标准为 4-12、3-6 和 4-7。所有 4×6 和 5×6 网格均为 10-12 和 10-12。

填字游戏 / 由威尔·肖兹编辑

横向

1. 热门药片
2. 食品批发业的知名品牌
3. “邪恶全屏”攻击
4. 仍处于不利状态
5. 非常好
6. 经由
7. 迷幻摇滚乐队，2002 年发行歌曲《Nation Battles the Pink Robots, Pt. 1》（前加“the”）
8. Sam...（甜点角色）
9. 非新手
10. 任务，简写
11. 成为 Smart 的红色舞者 12, 3. 水管工的难题
12. 起重机
13. 反对
14. 德国电影作曲家，创作《Confited Chaos》和《Time》
15. 需要移动的物品
16. 通过仪式
17. 与 ruffle 或 mantle 搭配的词
18. 《马里奥》游戏中的兄弟
19. 上帝的血

20. 气味

21. 拥有超能力的霍比特人

22. 愉快的方式
23. 温柔的蜘蛛
24. 说唱组合，创作《C.H.J.A.M.》和《Protect Ya Neck》
25. 说明
26. “... 或 ...”（威胁）
27. 意见，非正式
28. 休息的肾上腺素
29. “Maja-Insain-bunny”
30. 日语的大专家
31. 激动的 Dark V' Sliwmy
32. 第一位中国政府官员
33. 报复者
34. 永久站立比赛或 1.7...80 及 47 横向中的比赛
35. 投资组合的一部分
36. 外围
37. 马尔代夫的原住民
38. “抱歉，那里”住宿
39. 藏匿
40. 北极熊的食物

横向

1 山羊 2 民意调查 3 始终略微 4 中餐十大菜系 5 睡眼惺忪的帽子 6 下垂 7 “反正做一半可能也值得”听起来的样子 8 超过 9 翻转结果 10 可见的哀叹 11 里根眼中的苏联 12 1999年之前的泰国 13 军装，简称 14 机器人动物救援项目的希望

15 庄严的爱 16 嗯，一种党派性的报应 17 黑胶唱片和40s 18 “我会……” 19 继梵蒂冈和摩纳哥之后，世界第三小的国家 20 人们对此持复杂立场 21 单向组合的单人间 22 仇恨者的守护神 23 鸭绒 24 WNBA楔形进攻篮板纪录保持者，愤怒队的治愈者 25 投石器和战场 26 新手 27 变得太老 28 酒吧干杯词 29 ……灵魂 30 《那70年代秀》中的角色米斯 31 斗篷的作用 32 也许能感受到的发现 33 “你真了不起” 34 迪士尼长期掌门人鲍勃 35 例如古巴 36 以及其他作者，阿尔多 37 爵士歌手西尔维娅 38 争议的呼声 39 康普顿的“先生”

上一题答案

![图片占位符](

)

我们的所有游戏以及超过15,000个付费成功案例，包括单词游戏、拼写游戏、盒子游戏、填字游戏等，均可在线访问 http: / nytimes.com / games。如需讨论谜题，请访问 http: / nytimes.com / worship。

---

2026年8月11日 / 11, 2026 / 13

文化

从小就与众不同的富人

电视剧《斯特林庄园》和《碎片》将青少年剧情与奢华元素相结合

詹姆斯·庞曾佐伊斯 撰

在讲述财富的故事时，电视近来呈现出多种叙事层次。它带给我们《继承之战》中声名狼藉的亿万富翁、《白莲花》中的虚假富豪，以及《五日周末》中仅仅算得上富裕的角色。但早在当下潮流之前，有一类剧集就已聚焦物质主义及其对青少年的影响：青少年剧。

或许是因为青春期是一个对社会等级高度敏感的阶段，青少年剧——从《比佛利山庄90210》到《亢奋》——往往比成人剧更具阶级意识，更能意识到拥有与缺失的后果。这一点在两部新剧《碎片》和《斯特林庄园》中体现得尤为明显。

《碎片》中那些受社交媒体影响的青少年成长于现金仍在流通的1980年代初，这是一个奖励。洛杉矶的派对被描述为"谷歌有机"式的，他们深陷可卡因泥潭。他们的问题和冲突与许多电视剧中的青少年相似——约会、嫉妒、校园暴力——但这些问题因一起血腥事件而加剧：一名社会杀手正在青年精英群体中大开杀戒。

《碎片》于上周在FX和流媒体平台首播，改编自布雷特·伊斯顿·埃利斯2023,年的小说《美国精神病》，由埃利斯与无处不在的瑞恩·墨菲联合创作。考虑到两人相似的叙事偏好——对权力与社会的兴趣，对暴力场景的偏爱——他们此前未曾合作实属意外。

但《碎片》并非仅迎合墨菲阴暗的一面。如其近期作品《僵局》和早期家庭剧《不同的空间》所示，墨菲在处理美国青少年的情感世界时往往表现最佳。他的首部剧集《流行》（1989-2001）至今仍是对高中社交思维最具创意且深刻的诠释之一。而《欢乐合唱团》（2008-15）虽不稳定，却不乏感人与心理洞察力。

从表现来看，《碎片》绝非怀旧的《怪奇物语》。它原始、刻薄、锋利如刀，配以2023年代的新浪潮原声带。主角布雷特（伊格比·里格尼饰）是一名有抱负的作家，出身优渥，以第一人称叙述自己的故事，仿佛在进行一场宗教朝圣。

布雷特人脉广泛、自信满满，是让-吕克·戈达尔的中西部粉丝。他与学校风云人物苏珊·雷诺兹（凯特·卡伯里饰）和邓恩·赖特（格雷厄姆·坎贝尔饰）交好，并与电影制片人霍夫·贝茨（Hough Beets Inc.）的女儿黛布拉·谢弗（斯莱索·沃纳饰）约会。在《碎片》的早期剧集中，他必须全力守护这一关系。那位制片人虽值得怀疑，但他坚称布雷特身上有某种本质的东西。“你明白她在做什么。”

布雷特同时面临两重困扰。他被一系列学生谋杀案深深吸引，凶手被称为“拖车杀手”，因青少年中流行的一种残忍仪式而得名。此外，他对新转校生罗伯特·马洛里（里昂·戈特饰）的出现感到不安——这位富有、英俊的神秘人物威胁到布雷特的社交地位，而布雷特开始怀疑他可能就是幕后凶手。

我们无法确定该相信布雷特的多少判断，或他的叙述有多可靠。但1993年的背景让人联想到他所认为自己身处的故事类型：某种《了不起的盖茨比》式的西部，而他则是尼克·卡拉威。（现实中的埃利斯在其处女作《零度以下的爱情》中也讲述了类似故事，《碎片》的第一集中，布雷特正在写作并试图将其改编为电影。）

《了不起的盖茨比》式的抱负，如同菲茨杰拉德本人一样，在进军好莱坞的过程中难免受损，《碎片》有时像是对肤浅的研究，有时又像肤浅本身。

不过，尤其是在前期，《碎片》宛如一场幼稚的造访，以特权与死亡为背景描绘青春期的肖像。与许多青少年剧不同，它并未将任何核心朋友群成员置于道德中心。（这里充斥着冗长的高中思绪，既不贴近现实，也不刻意迎合。他们的一项有趣社交活动是烘焙一份“秘密投票”，猜测大家认为谁是“父母”。）

但他们也会带来惊喜。苏珊展现出比类型片惯例更聪明、更不肤浅的一面。尽管你可能会认为英俊的杰克·汤姆会是那个备受折磨的人物，但他实际上更显年少迷茫，因父亲的抛弃而困扰，对性的神秘与魅力感到困惑和沮丧。

然而，这部人物研究却被一桩肮脏的谋杀故事搅乱，随着九集季度的推进，矫揉造作和夸张的元素开始主导两条叙事线。成年角色们显得漫不经心（尽管乔丹像个布恩式的外星人，而特里的拒绝则让助理感到沮丧）。故事本身虽自成一体，但艾伦的手法被过度高估，似乎为多季连播做了铺垫。

如此多的金钱、手段与机构：我们是否应将其视为对某种持续悖论的隐喻？我们的视角是否受到布雷特叙事中尚未揭示的扭曲影响？若是限定季，这些问题或许能得到某种满意的解答。但随着《碎片》不断升级其残酷、血腥的转折，很难想象还会有人愿意在同一张午餐桌前再熬一年。

《斯特林角》的首季现已在亚马逊Prime Video上线，同样围绕一位搅动社交圈的青少年展开。但它借鉴了《G.C.》和《比佛利山庄，哇哦》等剧的结构，后者聚焦中产或工薪阶层在上流社区的处境，而这里的“鱼儿出水”却是富家子弟。

安妮（艾拉·鲁宾饰）是个聪明、性格内敛的学生，与哥哥康纳（基恩·鲁法洛饰）及养父史蒂文（杰伊·杜普莱斯饰）同住。史蒂文的柔情似水在某个房产平台上看起来有些过时。她平静的生活被突如其来的消息打乱：她疏远的祖父去世，将一座位于加拿大的岛屿留给了她和康纳。她还发现了一沓祖父的信件，隐晦地暗示着一个被隐瞒的家族秘密。

这一发现令她不安，加之被一笔未成年信用卡债务所困，她决定北上调查这笔遗产。她雇了一名当地机灵的年轻人伊莱扎（雅各布·威洛巴克·利德饰）——无需看过太多青少年剧，你就能嗅出他身上潜在的某种气质——并发现了一处迷人的乡村度假地，宛如《广阔海湾》的翻版，只是少了亡灵和皱纹。

与《G.C.》等前作类似，《斯特林角》对阶级动态的把握并不简单化。在祖父破旧的小屋里，她遇到了拉莫娜（贾斯汀·欣德尔饰），两人之间产生了一种联系（出人意料，却又在情理之中），共同追查家族隐藏的真相。安妮融入了一群古怪的当地青年，他们在旅游旺季为富裕的度假客提供服务。

《斯特林角》（Sterling Point）是另一部关于爱情与谎言的青少年故事，但它如同寓言般迷人，与《碎片》（The Shards）的晦暗和压抑截然不同。该剧由梅根·帕克（Megan Park）创作，她曾编导电影《我的老屁股》（My Old Ass），并出演过青少年剧集《美国陌生人的秘密生活》（The Secret Life of the American Stranger）。《斯特林角》的制片人包括《绯闻女孩》（Gossip Girl）的杰克·施瓦茨（Jack Schwartz）和斯蒂芬妮·萨维奇（Stephanie Savage）。

《斯特林角》围绕秘密与揭露展开，这些情节在八集的第一季中不断升级。（安妮自己隐瞒了她如今拥有斯特林角的事实，并可能通过一个非婚生子的电话，终结她与新女性伴侣的关系。）但剧情反转并未主导全剧，相反，角色塑造和表演才是其核心亮点。

饰演主角长女拉莫娜（Ramona）的演员将角色塑造为一个愤怒的化身，情绪如同“钴”般不稳定，而康纳的扮演者则巧妙地把握了角色的中心地位。康纳在揭露设定前提的新闻时，用一句“天哪，皮条客”（Sap, pimps，Greeley-Barr？）打破了僵局。

成年演员阵容中，杰弗里·迪恩·摩根（Jeffrey Dean Morgan）饰演一位当地蒙着神秘面纱的庄园主，他——你猜对了——也藏着一个秘密。

与同类作品一样——《斯特林角》或许带着几分《吉尔莫女孩》（Gilmore Girls）的影子，以及《致命诱惑》（Dare Me）（Dick）的狡黠——它塑造的角色虽不完全可信，却足够迷人，让人不忍苛责。（另一位明星饰演奥维斯Oves，一个迷倒人心的英国同性恋角色，他将安妮置于羽翼之下。）

如同所有叛逆青少年的故事，《斯特林角》依靠其分享精神、独特的声音和角色魅力，支撑起整季的叙事，尽管有时难免陷入青少年情节剧的俗套。但正因为有这些你愿意花时间相处的角色，它才更适合作为一部续订剧集。在青少年剧中，让观众长期投入的，是角色而非剧情。

与前作《G.C.》（The G.C.，施瓦茨创作）类似，《斯特林角》对角色间的阶级动态保持敏锐洞察，却不流于简单化。它允许工薪阶层的细节显得混乱，也允许富有的夏日游客拥有同情心。安妮和拉莫娜在经历了艰难的开端后，找到了共同点，但《斯特林角》并未天真地忽视安妮成长背景所赋予她的权力和优势。

剧集想说的是：富人确实不同。但主要是因为他们拥有这座岛屿。

一对特别的情侣吸引Z世代重返影院

最新的《蜘蛛侠》和《奥德赛》由汤姆·赫兰德和赞达亚主演

撰文：马莉娅·梅沃吉

《蜘蛛侠：全新起点》和《奥德赛》以安纳波特斯风格汇聚一堂，助力美国票房创下有史以来最强劲的周末。但除了票房数字，这两部关于空虚体验和忧郁希腊国王的电影是否有任何共同点？

当然有——“红毯情侣”。

自从汤姆·赫兰德（38岁）和赞达亚（26岁）在2017年《蜘蛛侠：英雄归来》拍摄期间相识以来，这对情侣的表现就一直在网络上被热议。十年后，这对如今已结为夫妻的情侣的吸引力变得更加强大。

这对演员兼夫妻在《蜘蛛侠：全新起点》中吸引了年轻观众，该片以国内首映周末票房创下纪录；而《奥德赛》这部由两部曲组成的史诗巨制，全球票房总收入已超过30 亿美元。

这是疫情后票房复苏的又一积极迹象，年轻一代观众正在引领这一趋势。

陷入《蜘蛛侠》的“网”中

《蜘蛛侠：全新起点》是赫兰德和赞达亚第四次合作出演蜘蛛侠系列电影，也是自2021年《蜘蛛侠：英雄无归》大获成功后的首次合作。

那一年，这对搭档——分别饰演超级英雄和他机智的爱人MJ——公开承认了恋情。

《全新起点》这部更注重情感而非特效的超级英雄电影，超越了《复仇者联盟4：终局之战》（EST million）的国内首映周末票房纪录（未计通胀）。

据发行方索尼透露，年轻成年人推动了观影人潮，其中10%是“超级购票者”，41%年龄在11至14岁之间，40%年龄在35岁以下。（Gen Z covers people born between 2007 and 2025, making them about 14 to 20 today.）

娱乐研究公司Exact Insight的创始人格雷格·德宾在邮件中表示，这部电影“具有广泛的观众吸引力，Z世代尤其青睐”。德宾此前曾告诉《纽约时报》，选角是吸引这一代观众的因素之一。

影片中加入了24岁的萨迪·辛克，她因Netflix剧集《怪奇物语》而走红，可能进一步增强了对年轻观众的吸引力。

《奥德赛》中的史诗表现

导演克里斯托弗·诺兰邀请赫兰德——显然出乎演员本人的意料——在《奥德赛》中饰演塞涅拉俄斯，伊萨卡岛爱玩闹的王子。赞达亚则与赫兰德再度合作，饰演女神雅典娜，她是奥德修斯在长达10年的战争归途中精神上的引路人。

该片在国内票房开画成绩约为200万美元。

但等等，还有更多

赞达亚今年表现抢眼，她在《德拉卡斯》（24）中饰演一位婚礼即将到来却被少女时期的秘密动摇的女性。这部电影的票房表现与她以往作品相似，吸引了大量年轻观众，其中超过40%的观众年龄在35岁以下。（该片还与《奥德赛》一样，由罗伯特·帕丁森主演，他自称是Z世代的一员，尽管他已经40。用他的话说：“这不重要。”）

此外，帕丁森将与赞达亚再度合作，出演由丹尼斯·维伦纽瓦执导的科幻续作《沙丘：第三部》，其前作在本季度票房收入达10亿美元。

《奥德赛》由马特·达蒙和安妮·麦卡锡主演，是首部完全使用IMAX摄影机拍摄的电影，吸引观众跨州甚至跨国旅行，以观看诺兰偏爱的70毫米胶片格式。该片

赞达亚与汤姆·赫兰德在《蜘蛛侠：全新起点》中，该片创下周末票房纪录。14岁以下的年轻成年人推动了观影人潮。

唯一的《沙丘：第三部》是由丹尼斯·维伦纽瓦执导的科幻续作，其前作在本季度票房收入达10亿美元。

《下一部“礼服”电影可能因其上映日期而受益：12月24日，届时《复仇者联盟：终局之战》9G也将上映，以“理发师礼服”的方式，这部电影被称为“德鲁恩德”。》

霍兰德的蜘蛛侠并未出现在《德鲁恩德》的演员名单中，但漫威电影宇宙的粉丝认为他可能会在片中客串或出现在克罗地亚后的场景中。这将是托恩斯伯里又一个开画日障碍。

---

14 / 2026年8月11日，星期二

文化

舞台上的战争与现实的纠葛

俄罗斯舞者的低调回归，以及冲突余波的赤裸呈现，为威尼斯舞蹈双年展增添了不和谐音

评论手记 威尼斯

劳拉·卡普雷尔 撰

威尼斯双年展似乎无法摆脱关于俄罗斯的争论。尽管俄乌战争仍在持续，俄罗斯今年重返这一艺术盛事，却在外界引发了争议。7月1日，欧盟介入这场纠纷，撤回了对威尼斯双年展的一笔多年资助。

如今，俄罗斯最负盛名的芭蕾舞者之一也成为这场风波的一部分。本月，作为艺术双年展姊妹活动的舞蹈双年展，低调接纳了圣彼得堡马林斯基芭蕾舞团的明星戴安娜·维什涅娃。她与致力于40岁以上舞者的新公司WinoDance合作的演出，是自2002年以来她首次重返西方舞台，而这一缺席与俄罗斯2022年对乌克兰的全面入侵有关。

8月1日，当维什涅娃作为WinoDance团队的一员，以不显眼的角色登台时，人们很容易忘记她所代表的一切。芭蕾长期以来是俄罗斯最成功的文化输出之一，是其国际声望和软实力的来源。但自全面入侵乌克兰以来，国际舞蹈界的大部分机构都试图与俄罗斯保持距离，切断了与该国国家资助的舞团及其表演者的联系。就在今年，莫斯科大剧院芭蕾舞团的明星斯维特兰娜·扎哈罗娃在佛罗伦萨和罗马的演出被取消。

尽管维什涅娃在2005年至2017年间曾是美国芭蕾舞剧院的首席舞者，并最初对战争表示反对，但她仍与支持入侵乌克兰的国家机构保持着联系。马林斯基芭蕾舞团由指挥家瓦列里·格吉耶夫领导，后者与普京总统关系密切。维什涅娃还是圣彼得堡节庆平台Context的创始人和艺术总监，该平台由国有能源巨头俄罗斯天然气工业股份公司（Gazprom）赞助。她在俄罗斯的地位之高，甚至在7月，普京通过克里姆林宫网站祝她50岁生日快乐。

在威尼斯，她的回归被低调处理。维什涅娃拒绝了本文的采访请求，WinoDance的一位发言人表示，她是“以艺术家个人身份”被纳入国际演出阵容的。

在书面回复中，双年展发言人表示，该活动“绝不会基于地理来源或国籍纳入任何人”——这与2022年入侵后的立场截然不同，当时双年展曾誓言抵制任何与俄罗斯政府有关联的行为或代表团。

维什涅娃的出现险些盖过WinoDance的首演，这家小公司希望在芭蕾舞界开辟一片天地。WinoDance由俄罗斯裔企业家、前舞者斯拉维娅·齐塔基斯和曾任德国斯图加特芭蕾舞团首席舞者的玛丽亚·拉多马科夫共同创立，汇集了希望在40岁及以上继续职业生涯的舞者，而大多数芭蕾舞者此时已退休。

WinoDance公司发言人表示，戴安娜·维什涅娃是“以艺术家个人身份”被纳入演出的。

这并非新概念。荷兰舞蹈剧院I（Nederlands Dans Theater I）曾在2005年至2008年间作为荷兰舞蹈剧院的“姐妹团”运营；而在当代舞领域，总部位于柏林的DanserIn Ensemble自2010年成立以来已取得持久成功。但这些公司拥有的资源，是WinoDance目前所缺乏的

在此阶段，高水准的制作仍是核心。WinoDance的首演作品《科学》灵感松散地源自威尼斯本身。《威尼斯之死》是这部作品笨拙的上半部分，以托马斯·曼1812年的中篇小说命名，但从编舞中完全无法看出这一点。唯有一部黑白影片——由哈维尔·德·弗鲁托斯执导并参演——明确延续了古斯塔夫·冯·阿申巴赫的故事，这位中年作家在威尼斯对一名少年产生了痴迷。

在影片片段之间，四位编舞家——Inter与Maros van Opens、奥马尔·罗曼·德·胡斯托和赖纳·罗尔——呈现了与表演者成熟度不相称的平庸舞蹈。维什涅娃在一段“四人舞”中与一位气质柔和的男舞者（吉尔·罗曼饰）及其“情妇”（西尔维娅·阿佐尼饰）共舞。唯有罗尔的最终段落触及了阿申巴赫之死，将其塑造为被白衣女祭司环绕的基督般的形象。WinoDance的舞团成员在中场休息后回归，

带来《视桥》——一部由47岁的美国编舞家约翰·诺伊曼创作的新作，这位20世纪轰动舞坛的客座艺术家。作品基调克制，拉多马科夫饰演的海德尔式角色似乎在缓慢而审慎的动作中回顾过往的情感关系。

尽管《视桥》提供了更连贯的戏剧结构，WinoDance的女性舞者依然未能得到充分展现。诺拉·加胡扎和伊甘娜·德·让热这两位极具个人风格的芭蕾明星，大多沦为背景。即便才华横溢的维什涅娃，也只能扮演哀婉的母亲形象。目前尚不清楚WinoDance希望在艺术或政治层面代表什么。

这为今年的舞蹈双年展画上了一个主导性的句号。在英国编舞家韦恩·麦格雷戈的执掌下，本届双年展明确探讨了权力与终结的议题。2026年金狮奖——该艺术节的最高奖项——颁给了Bangarra舞团，这是一家由澳大利亚原住民和托雷斯海峡岛民舞者组成的舞团。银狮奖则授予了韦里扎·维森蒂尼，一位荷兰非裔编舞家兼活动家，其作品探讨了社会不平等。

顺时针自上：吉尔·罗曼、西尔维娅·阿佐尼与戴安娜·维什涅娃在《科学》上半部分《威尼斯之死》中；影片截图在《何为战争？》中；玛丽亚·拉多马科夫与维什涅娃在《视桥》中。8月1日的演出为今年威尼斯舞蹈双年展画上句号。

有一部作品直接发问：“何为战争？”这是中国舞者与日本舞者大迫江利子的作品，两人均为资深表演者兼编舞家，深入探讨了各自国家痛苦的共同历史。通过口述、影像与现代舞片段的结合，中国舞者回忆了祖母在1941年日军轰炸中丧生的往事；大迫则追忆了父亲短暂的日军士兵生涯，以及日本作为战败国的复杂遗产。

开场时，两人从舞台两侧缓缓走向对方。中国舞者僵硬地扣上衬衫，而面容憔悴的大迫则伸手触碰她的背影，仿佛试图触及她。当中国舞者径直走过，大迫显得震惊而茫然——暗示着冲突的余波即使在数十年后依然难以弥合。

“战争与任何个人有何关联？”其中一人在早前的影像对话中问道。他们共同的脆弱——包括一幕两人脱去衣物、轮流用力在对方身体上书写的痛苦场景——让这个问题显得格外现实。随着新的战争爆发，艺术应如何应对？威尼斯双年展尚未给出明确答案。

无尽的滚动

书评

《你的人生故事：社交媒体如何塑造我们的体验方式》 作者：凯瑟琳·杰斯特-默顿。1 / 6 / 26。27.12.26。$30.00

亚历山德拉·雅各布斯 撰

那封邮件是在午夜过后收到的，来自一位我敬重其才智和文学品味的年长朋友。

“为什么你不喜欢我发的[他孩子和宠物的照片]？”他似乎真诚地写道，“我知道你有点反对人们发孩子的照片，但我也知道你发过[我孩子和宠物的名字]的照片……我只是……我喜欢他们……”

我为他、为自己、为我的孩子和宠物，乃至为整个社会感到震惊——我打开了Instagram，交出了数字录像带。

“别打开《你的人生故事》，”凯瑟琳·杰斯特-默顿的这本书，或许能解释两个人的生活如何沦落到这种可怕、浪费时间、拇指不停滑动的境地。

杰斯特-默顿在《The Cut》上撰写一份发人深省的时事通讯，探讨家庭及其数字记录。她拥有社会学博士学位，研究对象是21世纪的“正念聚会”——类似于塔珀家居聚会的活动。

《你的人生故事》是她的第一本书，本身也带有几分塔珀家居的特质，将社交媒体 / 行为的复杂故事分门别类，装进一个个标题如“度假”和“政治”的章节容器中。全书以一个动人的瞬间收尾：她自己的人生故事。

杰斯特-默顿在佛蒙特州南部一处如今被称为“全损农场”的公社长大。那里曾尝试过各种失败的项目，包括种植谷物——那里的土壤通常过于多石，不适合种小麦——以及商业化的单人捕兽夹。她与社交媒体的首次接触是一本螺旋装订的小组日记。“从很多方面来看，这就像是模拟版的Facebook，”她写道。Friendster、Myspace，以及后来的真正的Facebook接踵而至。

一切曾经是那么天真无邪。直到算法出现，像麦卡锡小说中的流浪汉一样，毁了一切。

实际上，问题早在1980年代末就已显现，当时“个人品牌”这一概念在公共话语中迅速膨胀（就像气球一样，因其适合Instagram而成为派对上的宠儿），源于《公司》（Fast Company）杂志的一篇封面故事。

杰斯特-默顿写道，她所教的大学生——这些数字原住民从小与智能手机和虚拟头像一起长大——甚至难以理解“个人品牌”作为一个独立概念的含义。“这就像让他们描述他们一生呼吸的空气的特性，”她写道。

像乔纳森·海特和雪莉·特克尔这样的资深学者已经出版了发人深省的畅销书，探讨屏幕的有害影响，并推动了政策和行为的改变。如今，许多学童被迫在校门口上交智能手机，而成年人也形成了复杂的礼仪规范——感谢这些规范限制了手机的使用。在杰斯特-默顿看来，这些恐惧正卷土重来，不仅吞噬着我们的注意力，还侵蚀着我们的个体和集体身份认同。她的语气与其说是说教，不如说是充满同情的支持。

“如果社交媒体的叙事将我们困在一种令人感到幽闭和不满的生活版本中，会怎样？”她思索道，“如果这些叙事削弱了我们的自在感和归属感，又会怎样？如果这些叙事——其中许多看似完全有利可图——与我们在社会公正与平等、肯定我们的信仰认同，以及成人和儿童心理健康方面面临的最大挑战相关联，又会怎样？”

借用查理·布朗和他的伙伴们的话：“笑声呢？”

[...OMITTED...]

Jeste-Merton 以略显犹豫的笔触涉足这一领域，采访了亚利桑那州斯科茨代尔的一位时尚网红，她会为全家海滩度假之旅精心配色，并由专业摄影师拍摄。她的视角逐渐扩大。一个频道展示了服务的精心编排和食物的准备过程，包括一块涂金汉堡，以及如何尽量减少数字互动。她调查了日益夸张的尼日利亚婚礼文化，并与一位拥有 200,000 同好者的“滋养生活”实践者交谈——书中称她为“卡罗琳”——这位实践者来自得克萨斯州。

她出于“隐私原因”给大多数受访者使用了化名，但这些人为何如此张扬，却又被传统的纸质书呈现方式所束缚？

《你的人生故事》在题材广度上或许有所欠缺，但它以思想的慷慨弥补了这一点。Jeste-Merton 将线上习惯视为人文连续体的一部分，其中还包括：明信片、剪贴簿和史诗诗歌；如果过度强调故事中的“愚人”形象，那么摩托车飙车和背诵整套服装又算什么？她优雅地援引了乌鲁蒂亚·勒克吕斯的“购物袋”小说理论，以及纳撒尼尔·博雷夫伯特在尼亚加拉瀑布的音乐。

她的书为我们的新故事正名，将线上社群的仪式性行为与柔和的传统习俗并列，如“利他主义”——新婚夫妇会被邻居从床上拖起，以及“曼努尔”——即在水中对树歌唱，Jeste-Merton 每年都会让这个故事变得更加家喻户晓。最引人注目的是，她用大段优美的文字描写了“反信任热”——社交媒体无法捕捉的少数著名情感之一，因其过于注重表演、追求“滋养感”和救赎叙事。

她的书充满希望且毫不回避现实。它会让你反思：我是否真的需要在度假时额外付出努力，只为向“克莱尔朋友”们展示自己有多快乐和放松。

---

2026 年 8 月 11 日，星期二

15

旅行

对于1914年的赫尔辛基，1946年至1950年，1947年至1951年，1951年至1956年，1956年至1961年，1961年至1966年，1966年至1971年，1971年至1976年，1976年至1981年，1981年至1986年，1986年至1991年，1991年至1996年，1996年至2001年，2001年至2006年，2006年至2011年，2011年至2016年，2016年至2021年，2021年至2026年，2026年至2031年，2031年至2036年，2036年至2041年，2041年至2046年，2046年至2051年，2051年至2056年，2056年至2061年，2061年至2066年，2066年至2071年，2071年至2076年，2076年至2081年，2081年至2086年，2086年至2091年，2091年至2096年，2096年至2101年，2101年至2106年，2106年至2111年，2111年至2116年，2116年至2121年，2121年至2126年，2126年至2131年，2131年至2136年，2136年至2141年，2141年至2146年，2146年至2151年，2151年至2156年，2156年至2161年，2161年至2166年，2166年至2171年，2171年至2176年，2176年至2181年，2181年至2186年，2186年至2191年，2191年至2196年，2196年至2201年，2201年至2206年，2206年至2211年，2211年至2216年，

2216年至2221年，2221年至2226年，2226年至2231年，2231年至2236年，2236年至2241年，2241年至2246年，2246年至2251年，2251年至2256年，2256年至2261年，2261年至2266年，2266年至2271年，2271年至2276年，2276年至2281年，2281年至2286年，2286年至2291年，2291年至2296年，2296年至2301年，2301年至2306年，2306年至2311年，2311年至2316年，2316年至2321年，2321年至2326年，2326年至2331年，2331年至2336年，2336年至2341年，2341年至2346年，2346年至2351年，2351年至2356年，2356年至2361年，2361年至2366年，2366年至2371年，2371年至2376年，2376年至2381年，2381年至2386年，2386年至2391年，2391年至2396年，2396年至2401年，2401年至2406年，2406年至2411年，2411年至2416年，2416年至2421年，2421年至2426年，2426年至2431年，2431年至2436年，2436年至2441年，2441年至2446年，2446年至2451年，2451年至2456年，2456年至2461年，2461年至2466年，2466年至2471年，2471年至2476年，2476年至2481年，2481年至2486年，2486年至2491年，2491年至2496年，

2496年至2501年，2501年至2506年，2506年至2511年，2511年至2516年，2516年至2521年，2521年至2526年，2526年至2531年，2531年至2536年，2536年至2541年，2541年至2546年，2546年至2551年，2551年至2556年，2556年至2561年，2561年至2566年，2566年至2571年，2571年至2576年，2576年至2581年，2581年至2586年，2586年至2591年，2591年至2596年，2596年至2601年，2601年至2606年，2606年至2611年，2611年至2616年，2616年至2621年，2621年至2626年，2626年至2631年，2631年至2636年，2636年至2641年，2641年至2646年，2646年至2651年，2651年至2656年，2656年至2661年，2661年至2666年，2666年至2671年，2671年至2676年，2676年至2681年，2681年至2686年，2686年至2691年，2691年至2696年，2696年至2701年，2701年至2706年，2706年至2711年，2711年至2716年，2716年至2721年，2721年至2726年，2726年至2731年，2731年至2736年，2736年至2741年，2741年至2746年，2746年至2751年，2751年至2756年，2756年至2761年，2761年至2766年，2766年至2771年，2771年至2776年，

2776年至2781年，2781年至2786年，2786年至2791年，2791年至2796年，2796年至2801年，2801年至2806年，2806年至2811年，2811年至2816年，2816年至2821年，2821年至2826年，2826年至2831年，2831年至2836年，2836年至2841年，2841年至2846年，2846年至2851年，2851年至2856年，2856年至2861年，2861年至2866年，2866年至2871年，2871年至2876年，2876年至2881年，2881年至2886年，2886年至2891年，2891年至2896年，2896年至2901年，2901年至2906年，2906年至2911年，2911年至2916年，2916年至2921年，2921年至2926年，2926年至2931年，2931年至2936年，2936年至2941年，2941年至2946年，2946年至2951年，2951年至2956年，2956年至2961年，2961年至2966年，2966年至2971年，2971年至2976年，2976年至2981年，2981年至2986年，2986年至2991年，2991年至2996年，2996年至3001年，3001年至3006年，3006年至3011年，3011年至3016年，3016年至3021年，3021年至3026年，3026年至3031年，3031年至3036年，3036年至3041年，3041年至3046年，3046年至3051年。

3056–3060年代、3061–3065年代、3066–3070年代、3071–3075年代、3076–3080年代、3081–3085年代、3086–3090年代、3091–3095年代、3096–3100年代、3101–3105年代、3106–3110年代、3111–3115年代、3116–3120年代、3121–3125年代、3126–3130年代、3131–3135年代、3136–3140年代、3141–3145年代、3146–3150年代、3151–3155年代、3156–3160年代、3161–3165年代、3166–3170年代、3171–3175年代、3176–3180年代、3181–3185年代、3186–3190年代、3191–3195年代、3196–3200年代、3201–3205年代、3206–3210年代、3211–3215年代、3216–3220年代、3221–3225年代、3226–3230年代、3231–3235年代、3236–3240年代、3241–3245年代、3246–3250年代、3251–3255年代、3256–3260年代、3261–3265年代、3266–3270年代、3271–3275年代、3276–3280年代、3281–3285年代、3286–3290年代、3291–3295年代、3296–3300年代、3301–3305年代、3306–3310年代、3311–3315年代、3316–3320年代、3321–3325年代、3326–3330年代、3331–3335年代、

3336–3340年代、3341–3345年代、3346–3350年代、3351–3355年代、3356–3360年代、3361–3365年代、3366–3370年代、3371–3375年代、3376–3380年代、3381–3385年代、3386–3390年代、3391–3395年代、3396–3400年代、3401–3405年代、3406–3410年代、3411–3415年代、3416–3420年代、3421–3425年代、3426–3430年代、3431–3435年代、3436–3440年代、3441–3445年代、3446–3450年代、3451–3455年代、3456–3460年代、3461–3465年代、3466–3470年代、3471–3475年代、3476–3480年代、3481–3485年代、3486–3490年代、3491–3495年代、3496–3500年代、3501–3505年代、3506–3510年代、3511–3515年代、3516–3520年代、3521–3525年代、3526–3530年代、3531–3535年代、3536–3540年代、3541–3545年代、3546–3550年代、3551–3555年代、3556–3560年代、3561–3565年代、3566–3570年代、3571–3575年代、3576–3580年代、3581–3585年代、3586–3590年代、3591–3595年代、3596–3600年代、3601–3605年代、3606–3610年代、3611–3615年代、

3616–3620年代、3621–3625年代、3626–3630年代、3631–3635年代、3636–3640年代、3641–3645年代、3646–3650年代、3651–3655年代、3656–3660年代、3661–3665年代、3666–3670年代、3671–3675年代、3676–3680年代、3681–3685年代、3686–3690年代、3691–3695年代、3696–3700年代、3701–3705年代、3706–3710年代、3711–3715年代、3716–3720年代、3721–3725年代、3726–3730年代、3731–3735年代、3736–3740年代、3741–3745年代、3746–3750年代、3751–3755年代、3756–3760年代、3761–3765年代、3766–3770年代、3771–3775年代、3776–3780年代、3781–3785年代、3786–3790年代、3791–3795年代、3796–3800年代、3801–3805年代、3806–3810年代、3811–3815年代、3816–3820年代、3821–3825年代、3826–3830年代、3831–3835年代、3836–3840年代、3841–3845年代、3846–3850年代、3851–3855年代、3856–3860年代、3861–3865年代、3866–3870年代、3871–3875年代、3876–3880年代、3881–3885年代、3886–3890年代、3891–3895年代、

3896–3900年代、3901–3905年代、3906–3910年代、3911–3915年代、3916–3920年代、3921–3925年代、3926–3930年代、3931–3935年代、3936–3940年代、3941–3945年代、3946–3950年代、3951–3955年代、3956–3960年代、3961–3965年代、3966–3970年代、3971–3975年代、3976–3980年代、3981–3985年代、3986–3990年代、3991–3995年代、3996–4000年代、4001–4005年代、4006–4010年代、4011–4015年代、4016–4020年代、4021–4025年代、4026–4030年代、4031–4035年代、4036–4040年代、4037–4045年代、4038–4050年代、4039–4050年代、4040–4050年代、4041–4050年代、4042–4050年代、4043–4050年代、4044–4050年代、4045–4050年代、4046–4050年代、4047–4050年代、4048–4050年代、4049–4050年代、4050–4050年代、4051–4050年代、4052–4050年代、4053–4050年代、4054–4050年代、4055–4050年代、4056–4050年代、4057–4050年代、4058–4050年代、4059–4050年代、4060–4050年代、4061–4050年代、4062–4050年代、4063–4050年代。

4064–4050s、4065–4050s、4066–4050s、4067–4050s、4068–4050s、4069–4050s、4070–4050s、4071–4050s、4072–4050s、4073–4050s、4074–4050s、4075–4050s、4076–4050s、4077–4050s、4078–4050s、4079–4050s、4080–4050s、4081–4050s、4082–4050s、4083–4050s、4084–4050s、4085–4050s、4086–4050s、4087–4050s、4088–4050s、4089–4050s、4090–4050s、4091–4050s、4092–4050s、4093–4050s、4094–4050s、4095–4050s、4096–4050s、4097–4050s、4098–4050s、4099–4050s、4100–4050s

迷失于赫尔辛基梦幻街景

一位作家寻访塑造芬兰的建筑师

撰文：迈克尔·H·赫尼希

幸运的是，有些城市因其建筑而被人研究；旧金山有其维多利亚式的尖顶建筑，巴黎则有第二帝国时期的孟沙式屋顶，几乎无处不在。但“九城”之一的建筑瑰宝却并不那么显而易见，这也是我去年探访赫尔辛基的原因之一。

芬兰近年来备受关注，这得益于该国连续多年被评为世界上最幸福的国家，更不用说其历史、设计，是的，还有理由。

我前往芬兰是为了撰写一部关于20世纪初芬兰建筑师埃列尔·沙里宁的传记。相比在美国更为人熟知的建筑师儿子埃罗——后者设计了圣路易斯的大拱门和纽约的环球航空公司航站楼等地标——埃列尔在50岁时移居美国之前，曾在塑造赫尔辛基梦幻般的现代面貌中发挥了关键作用。

这是怎样的一种面貌啊。一次又一次，我被赫尔辛基的魅力所吸引。这座城市建于1550年，与更为宏伟古老的姐妹城市斯德哥尔摩和哥本哈根相比，它是一个相对的新来者。赫尔辛基的城市肌理和氛围散发着世纪之交的乐观主义，由约1860年前后席卷欧洲的激进建筑风格——新艺术运动——所定义。

评估其奇思妙想的外观颇为有趣。新艺术运动——或称Jugendstil（德语“青年风格”）——是革命性的，比包豪斯在德国兴起早了20年。尽管这一运动持续时间短暂，但其对不对称性和曲线的强调，最终促成了更具几何感的装饰艺术风格的诞生。

撰文：迈克尔·H·赫尼希

一天清晨，我顺道造访了佩利平，花了一个金色的小时拍摄那座四层高的圆形楼梯——这是典型的沙里宁手笔——

佩利平保险公司赫尔辛基总部展示了沙里宁的早期作品。其装饰——黄铜、熊和研磨图案——均取材于芬兰的建国史诗《卡勒瓦拉》。从左至右：佩利平大楼内的圆形楼梯；沙洛通的花岗岩入口门廊；赫维特拉什克餐厅内代表建筑合伙人与配偶年度共同生活安排的彩色玻璃窗；以及佩利平大楼的另一处建筑细节。

以及其宝石色调的天窗，还有雕刻在木制缝纫机上的波纹。

从佩利平出发，我穿过埃斯普拉纳迪——一座充满活力的线性市中心公园——并继续向山上走去，前往哥特复兴式建筑与设计博物馆。我本是去档案馆查阅沙里宁的资料，但首先忍不住在主展厅逗留了10分钟，那里展出了两扇精心设计的门——一扇属于阿尔瓦·阿尔托，这位芬兰建筑师曾在麻省理工学院设计了贝克楼；另一扇则属于艺术家泰雷斯·雅梅奥斯，这位博学多才的艺术家创作了备受喜爱的河马脸卡通形象——姆明。

新艺术运动的探索者

就在博物馆东北方向，卡拉潘卡社区坐落在一个半岛上，这里提供了自由探索新艺术运动的绝佳机会，还有公园、餐厅以及艾伦游泳综合体，后者设有定制设施和海水浸浴池。

巧合的是，我的酒店——尼尔·沃德尔·卡拉潘卡酒店——距离我名单上的三栋沙里宁公寓仅两个街区，其中包括赫尔辛基的第一座新艺术运动建筑——建于1998年的塔尔贝格住宅，其成功打开了新艺术运动的闸门。到1914年，由两三层木结构建筑组成的老城区已被这类公寓楼取代，这是一场由新兴工业财富和人口激增推动的青年风格浪潮。

与红砖结构的塔尔贝格住宅不同，附近的沙里宁公寓楼采用了光滑的灰泥墙面，色调柔和，以明亮的黄色为主。1903年建成的沙洛通公寓楼尤为迷人，拥有一个大型红瓦穹顶、绿色铜质屋顶以及凸出的次级结构——飞檐、塔楼和凸窗。

霍比特人与人类的家园

1905年，年轻的沙里宁与合伙人在首都以西6英里（10公里）处为自己建造了赫特马克——一座大型的自然风格建筑群，兼作烟火指挥所和工作室。如今，这里已成为一座精心修复的矿业博物馆。这座建筑还有一面被戏称为“放荡”的肋骨状外墙，因其角落里曾上演过换妻丑闻而引发离婚风波。

不过，合伙人们倒是能拿这事开玩笑：赫特马克餐厅的一扇彩绘玻璃窗便纪念了这段奇特的经历——沙里宁的第一任妻子抛弃他，投向了合伙人赫尔曼·古德菲斯的怀抱，而沙里宁则娶了古德菲斯的妹妹洛伊斯。三位建筑师及其伴侣此后仍继续生活在一起。

我的一位芬兰朋友称这座房子“很有《指环王》的感觉”，确实，它完全可以成为霍比特人或精灵的绝佳住所。赫特马克提供英语导览，是一座来自消逝先锋派的真实胶囊，从窗帘、家具到外立面，每一处都被设计为统一的艺术整体。工作室内，天窗和巨大的落地窗俯瞰着远处的森林与湖泊，堪称典范。

遗憾的是，我还提到过沙里宁的另一件作品——芬兰国家浪漫主义风格的芬兰国家博物馆（半城堡、半大教堂），当时正因翻修而闭馆，外立面被脚手架包围。博物馆计划于1957年重新开放，并将增建一座形似光滑飞碟的新展馆。

沙里宁最伟大的纪念碑，也是早期现代主义的标志性作品，是他于1914年设计的赫尔辛基中央火车站。但这座建筑并非建筑师最初的设计方案。

1894年，沙里宁凭借一座宏伟的国家浪漫主义风格车站方案赢得了竞赛，其设计与国家博物馆颇为相似。然而，这一胜利却招致了一本建筑杂志上两位年轻建筑师的尖锐批评。其中一位是古斯塔夫·斯特伦格尔，他曾批评芝加哥论坛报大厦设计竞赛的参赛作品存在缺陷，并于1923年移居美国。他的设计获得了远比纽约建筑师约翰·米德·豪威尔斯和雷蒙德·胡德的获胜方案更为热烈的赞誉——后者后来领导了洛克菲勒中心的设计团队。

沙里宁定居密歇根州布卢姆菲尔德山（底特律以北），在那里设计了克兰布鲁克学校的三座校园，这组建筑被前《纽约时报》评论家保罗·戈德伯格称为“美国建筑的杰作”。

沙里宁还设计了印第安纳州哥伦布市的第一基督教堂、伯克郡坦格尔伍德音乐节的露天峡谷音乐厅、十石艺术中心的博物馆，以及布法罗的克莱尼坎斯音乐厅。他于1956年在克兰布鲁克去世。

纵观一生，沙里宁始终坚持进化与成长，从不让自己被任何特定风格所束缚。这一成就让我在赫尔辛基的参观之旅深感谦卑。

克兰布鲁克校园与佩利平保险公司总部之间存在天壤之别，但创造性的天赋却将它们联系在一起，使芬兰首都与密歇根州的绿树成荫的郊区同样熠熠生辉。

---

16

2026年8月11日，星期二

非凡之物

鸟之泉自动机芯

!

梵克雅宝

高级珠宝，自1906年起入驻旺多姆广场

GP-HG 高等法院 《纽约时报》专业时评

RHYTHM RIGHTS A GUIDE TO AI MUSIC LEGALITY

PAGE 11 | TECH

CHARMED CITY BEGUILED BY HELSINKI DESIGN

PAGE 15 | TRAVEL

TOO HOT EVEN FOR CHILES UNPREDICTABLE CLIMATE STRESSES PAKISTANI CROPS

PAGE 5 | WORLD

The New York Times

INTERNATIONAL EDITION | TUESDAY, AUGUST 11, 2020

His arch

is only the beginning

Paul Goldberger

OPINION

The proposed 'Are de Trump' in Washington is best a transparent than a gaudy conversation she taught at a skyscraper — a recovery that, if built, would dramatically change the landscape of the nation's capital. This is probably why President Trump is in rages to get it made as lost as he can. It would be an unavoidable monument to a presidency and a man whose many Americans would rather act based on conspicuously, if at all. He understands that once it is there, it will be hard for anyone to make it go away.

Though it supposed to happen slowly and carefully in Washington, and there are systems to place to make that so. When the National Park Service said last week that the arch would not only block the roots between the Lincoln Memorial and Arlington National

Trump's insomniums would stop with the 'Are de Trump' and they won't stop at Washington.

tional Cemetery but would also have an impact on 20 other Washington landmarks, it was a

demoving preview of the allotments that's attitude toward historic preservation. The Trump administration is the process of making it much easier to demolish historic buildings and landscapes not just in Washington but nationwide. The Park Service's observations were made during a Section 300 review, which has been one of our most effective historic preservation tools for the past 30 years. The name is a reference to a clause in the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966. It requires that before approval is granted for any project that uses federal funds or could affect buildings or landscapes in the National Register of Historic Places, its impact on historic places must be evaluated and the public must be consulted. The Trump administration recently proposed changes that would render this type of review process impasse. If the changes go forward, the women destructivment behind the arch and the East Wing halftown will be just the beginning.

Section 100 has had a superb record of encouraging negotiation and compromise. It does not forbid change or even demolition, but it stipulates that efforts must be made to 'avoid, substitute or mitigate' any harm to historic places. The very reasonableness of the law may be exactly what has led the Trump administration to be so determined to get it for it. In the past the GOLDBERGER, Paul is:

The New York Times publishes opinion from a wide range of perspectives in hopes of preventing constructive debate about unsequential questions.

Nesie Kheza and fellow residents marching through a suburb of Johannesburg on the day of an anti-immigrant gevept declared deadline for foreigners to leave South Africa.

'We told you to leave'

JOHANNESBURG

Hostility turns to violence as a wave of xenophobia spills across South Africa

BY JOHN LILIGON AND DWANA MATIWANE

On a clear morning last October, Nesie Kheza and her brigade of self-perclaimed patriots stood at the entrance of a public health clinic in Johannesburg on a quest to shape South Africa in their image.

When the gate opened at 7:30, the group demanded to see this from every one seeking to enter, saying that only South Africans would be allowed inside.

'You belong to Nigeria, sweetheart,' Bongi Nsungunga, one of Ms. Khauri allies, told a young woman, turning her away because, though she had a South African ID, her last name was Nigerian.

'It would like fraud,' another one of Ms. Khauri's associates said of a young woman's South African ID, after the woman told them her parents were from Mozambique.

Ms. Kheza, a 19-year-old mother of two, had no authority to determine who could enter the public clinic.

Sandra and her family being forced from their home by activism. Sandra, an immigrant from the Democratic Republic of Congo, has lived nearly half her life in South Africa.

Rather, she is a lost soldier in a highly organized network of activism going to extreme lengths in harass immigrants in South Africa, most of whom come from other African nations in search of opportunity in the continent's largest economy.

Polls show a growing number of South

Africans share hostility toward immigrants and want the government to do more to thwart the luxury flow of immigrants entering the country. There have been nationwide protests and violence. Immigrants have been attacked and even killed, chased from their homes and businesses.

Despite a lack of evidence, many South Africans blame immigrants for crime, for stealing jobs and for taking up valuable public resources in a nation with high unemployment and growing inequality. They say they have lost faith in the government and have taken the law into their own hands.

This wave of anti-immigrant force echoes movements seen in the United States and Europe. But only 3 percent of South Africa's ID million people are immigrants, according to government statistics.

Foreigners accounted for just 3 percent of arrests over the past five years, according to police data. They accounted for just 1.2 percent of arrests for violent crimes over the same period.

Still, officials have ramped up with place inspections, punishing employers who live undercamerate foreigners. More than 51,000 foreign nationals have been dispersed or repatriated from South Africa since June, the government said last month.

Cyril Ramaphosa, the president, has announced new investments to secure the nation's border, and he has repeatedly warned South Africans not to engage in vigilante justice.

But the police have not always intervened when citizens harass foreigners. 'It's only South Africa that is organized in Africa,' Paul a:

Europe

assailed by forces out of its control

NEWS ANALYSIS LONDON

War, climate and migration

strain the continent, and its leaders have few options

BY MICHAEL D. SHEAR

Once again in recent days, Europe has seemed to be watching from the sidelines as its destiny is shaped by outside forces.

Would President Trump choose to restart a massive war with Iran and drive up the cost of oil? Would global warming drive wide and worse wildlies, even an several already raged across the continent? Would a sudden, unexplained surge of people across the Americas border into a Spanish culture — almost all of whom were immediately sent back — divide the black leaders and fuel the far right?

It has already been a brutal summer for Europe. Two wars, record loss, rising inflation and deep anxiety about food, energy and security. The back-to-back crises are prompting calls for joint action, urgent. Some meetings between different groups of producers and prime ministers, and political hand-wringing in parliaments from Poland to the United Kingdom.

But like so much else that has happened in the past few years, many of Europe's challenges are not of its control.

The Iran war — a conflict that most of Europe never wanted — has disrupted life across the region, driving up the price of gas, groceries and travel. The continent's leaders have pledged to help secure the passage of oil through the Strait of the Iran since the fighting ends. And yet, they seem destined to bear about the next stage of the war from Mr. Trump's social media bed.

Europe has been unable to resolve the war in Ukraine after more than four years of bloodshed. Its achievements in cutting emissions to combat climate change are overshadowed by the actions of the United States and China. The future of artificial intelligence is being shaped largely elsewhere. Right wing population has risen, forbelife migration, inequality and transformation.

'No matter how you look at it, measure it, this is a difficult, something time for Europe,' said Richard Hanes, who served for two decades as the president of the Council on Foreign Relations. He said Europe is partly a victim of circumstances, but also is responsible for its lack of authority over its own fate.

'It's not just that they've under-spent, but they've underorganized themselves when it comes to their own security,' he said. 'It's essentially a bystander, with few exceptions, to the A.I. competition. That's not something that was done to Europe by the United States or China. That was something that was done by Europe to itself.'

EUROPE, PAIZ 4

In death, he drew the world's attention to Tibet

A memorial outside the United Nations building in New York where Loligo Rangers are himself on fire last month, the first known self-immolation by a Tibetan in America.

Activist dedicated his life

to freeing his homeland before one final protest

BY VIVIAN WANG

It was 93 degrees Defendant in New York and even better on the pavement, but the Tibetan gathered as planned outside the Chinese Consulate, and the moving flags and eyes browned cheers, one of the protesters, Ngyeong Tashi, looked for his friend Loligo Rangers.

Loligo Rangers was a stalwart of events like this. His friends phearthed he was happier at protests than on his birthday. At protests, he felt most useful in the cause of Tibetan independence from China — a cause to which he was no inventor, he had even got it to his uncle. Rangers means 'independence' in Tibetan.

Ngyeong Tashi scanned the crowd over, then again. It was strange that Loligo Rangers wasn't there. The next evening, July 2, he was at

Contra when another friend called.

'Come to the United Nations right now,' the friend said. 'He is in front of them and learning.'

Around the world, many people had already seen what Ngyeong Tashi was just learning: Loligo Rangers, ID, had not himself on fire in front of the United Nations headquarters in Manhattan, streaming the act live on Facebook. He had planted a Tibetan flag on the ground, and he takes out their ship to a massive FREE TIBET and CHINA-OUT OF TIBET. Then he lit his chutes, or Tibetan robe, on fire.

Ngyeong Tashi couldn't make sense of the news, He had just seen Loligo Rangers a few days earlier, at their weekly Tibetan dance group. Rashi's Loligo Rangers just protested to make his famous Tibetan sausages for a party a few days later? Surely he was not himself, his friend would be fine.

But when he arrived at the hospital where intelligence had taken Loligo Rangers, a news told him it was too late. He could just pay his last respects.

TIBET, PAIZ 4

The New York Times On campus: Out in the world. Provide your school with digital access to The Times. Learn more at nytimes.com/circumpsius.

NEWSPAPER PHOTO

Eastern 2: 0:00 Central 2: 0:00 Western 2: 0:00 Western 2: 0:00 Green Bay (CR 1:30)

Prairie 4: 4:00 Spruce 2: 2:00 Green Bay (CR 1:30)

Israel 4:00 (0:00) Friday (10:30)

Israel 1:15 (0:00) (0:15) Friday (9:15)

Falls 2: 4:00 Lynchburg 2: 0:00 Munson (MD 10)

Portugal 4: 4:00 Spirit 2: 4:00 Switzerland (OP 4:30)

The Netherlands 4: 4:00 Tunisia (N 10:00) Tunisia 7: 1:00

LUC 4:00 (0:00) US (M3:00) (Lunice 5: 2:30)

Book Number No. 44, 2021

---

2 | TUESDAY, AUGUST 11, 2026

THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION

PAGE TWO

In death, he drew the world's attention to Tibet

TIMES, FROM PAGE 1

Since then, Ngowang Tushi has been grieving. But as politicians, including Mayor Edman Mansfield and Representative Ahmanshu Ousain-Center, issued statements of reasoning and major news—and in certain areas, about his friend's death, he, and many Tibetan activists, have also enjoyed with a grim realization. Leliga Rangson's unthinkable act — the first known self-immolation by a Tibetan in the United States — may have achieved one of his greatest goals, however hardly: He made the world pay attention to Tibet.

The other activities we Tibetans were doing, nobody is going to care about that," Ngowang Tushi said. "Now everybody is talking."

A NEW AFTER Leliga Rangson died, Ngowang Tushi was inside his friend's heart, but at the third time a long arrow house in the New York borough of Queens. The two had shared the place for several years. Beside Ngowang Tushi was Leliga Rangson's move, Amuan Chandon, who had lived there for several months after moving to the United States from India last year.

All around there were reminders of the time they had spent with Leliga Rangson, and how simply it had been determined with protest. On the dresser was a snapshot of Leliga Rangson with friends, including Ngowang Tushi, during a 13-day walk they made from New York in Washington in 2016 for Tibetan rights. On a table, there was a framed photograph of means waving a Tibetan flag as a protest for each had taken her to last summer.

Leliga Rangson's room was a driver to a homeland he hadn't seen in more than 20 years. He was born in a remote part of eastern Tibet, as Lokyang Pakkas. (Tibetan) usually do not have family names, only given names.) China had occupied Tibet since the 1950s, and he grew up hearing about how his family had resisted that occupation, human said. There of his uncles height the Chinese Army in the 1950s, with one killed in combat and another dying in prison. As a child, Leliga Rangson was sent to a monastery for education. But the Chinese government allowed only one mark per family, and a relative had already taken his room.

So in 1963, when he was 18, he and an uncle that The doctors resurvaged Tibet in touchrooms, often involving weeks of trekking through the Himalayas at night to avoid detection by Chinese guards. Leliga Rangson's parents and three siblings, double in under the journey, stayed behind, but Leliga Rangson and his uncle made it to a refugee center in Nepal out by the Tibetan government in exile.

From there, Leliga Rangson was sent to a monastery in southern India, where he called other monks to attend protests against China.

On 2006, he arrived in the United States, human wasn't sure why he left India, but she said that measures of ten sent members overseas to share their beliefs. So New York, Leliga Rangson received signs that eventually left the childhood, and there himself was a victory.

At the time, Tibet was drawing global attention. Almost in the 2000 throats in the world, he had been a member of a two sent members overseas to share their beliefs. So New York, Leliga Rangson received signs that eventually left the childhood, and there himself was a victory.

Leaders worldwide expressed outrage, including George W. Bush called for China to hold talks with the Dalai Lakes.

So New York, Leliga Rangson was eager to contribute to the communion. He held 3,000,000 English protests outside the Chinese Consulate and staged hunger strikes near the United Nations. He shared photos of himself on social

Charleston State Law protesters gathering at the United Nations building in New York in memory of Leliga Rangson. Jianyang Nevho, founder of the High Asia Research Center in the Queens borough, Leliga Rangson's move, Amuan Chandon, right, and his cousin, Lokyang Samdap, in his bedroom in Queens; and Ngowang Tushi, a friend of Leliga Rangson.

media meeting with politicians — Democrats and Republicans — at the Capitol.

Initially, he had worked in construction, but his human wouldn't let him take time off for protests. He turned to driving by Cher normal. He never married, which, his friends said, didn't bother him. He could devote himself completely to the cause.

But he did occasionally acknowledge the pain of one sacrifice: Ten years ago, he cut off short contact with his family in Tibet, hearing that his work would jeopardize their safety. He commended with them only through a cousin in the United States, Lokyang Samdap.

Samdap said he had asked Leliga Rangson to reconsider, telling him it was OK to think about himself more. "He said, 'That's not even a question,' Samdap recalled.

In recent months he was often hoard at the High Asia Research Center, a

basement library in Queens set up by a Tibetan writer, Jianyang Nevho. Leliga Rangson had salvaged old bookbishves from the street to help fill it.

He had been especially enthusiastic about a pamphlet that Jianyang Nevho had written about Tibet's history as an independent man. What if, Leliga Rangson suggested, he turned the pace plate into a slide show and drove cross-country with it playing on a screen single bar: "We fear ideas all the time," Jianyang Nevho said. Even if some didn't put out, he said, "at least someone is making the effort to work things out."

THE FIRST PERSON to self-immolation in Tibet is protest Chinese rule was a 24-year-old monk, in 2005 Tibet spring, where the government forbade manoeuvre, als in the victims of the previous year's protests, the monk, Taipei, set himself on fire.

Over the next decade, more than 150 other Tibetans would do the same, with 28 in November 2012 alone, according to the Tibetan code government.

Self-immolation is, for many people, perhaps the most suitable people of political protests. When people have chosen it as their final act — whether they were Tibetans, or Vietnamese monks previously, they are suppression in the 2000s, or more recently. American activists drawing attention to climate change at the war in Gaza — the public response has been not only horror and sympathy, but also inevitable need.

Scholars have said self-immolation can become a last resort when an other form of protest is available, at least in Tibet. (Nearly all the Tibetan self-immolation have never recast the inside Tibet, with a few in India or Nepal.) "If Tibetans care even a sliver of an opportunity to hold demonstrations, then they would not re-

sure to self-immolation," Touring Women, a leading Tibetan poet and scholar, has written.

In New York, Leliga Rangson protested all the time, to little apparent effort. As Chinese monsoon grew, international became more reluctant to challenge it on human rights issues. Even some fellow Tibetans seemed to be compared to Chinese rule.

The repression in Tibet, though, was unrelenting. This year, China announced that it would enact a new law to promote "ethnic unity." The law mandates the law of Mandarin Chinese as the language of interaction in schools, and says that the Chinese government would pursue people who create "ethnic distance" — the government's label for political activism by ethnic minorities or even overseas.

Leliga Rangson did not raise the idea of self-immolation to his niece, cousin or

any of his friends. Only Ngowang Tushi said that he once talked about it — more than 10 years ago. During the peak of the immolation in Tibet, Leliga Rangson had asked him for advice on writing a last statement, Ngowang Tushi said that he was more careful about Leliga Rangson never mentioned it again.

But in recent months the new law had weighed heavily on him. He called on friend to say the Chinese government was trying to cut out Tibetans' budgets. He told another that Tibetans overseas might not be safe, either.

On June 26, the day before the law went into effect, he called Dechen, his Cher driver friend. Dechen had recently finished law school, and Leliga Rangson congratulated him. But he said, Dechen should remember not to focus only on money. "I want you to contribute for Tibetan independence," he told him.

Dechen was surprised. Leliga Rangson rarely offered him unsolicited advice. "I was like, 'Oh, why are you telling me this?'" Dechen said. "He was like, 'O just came to mind, so I just wanted to show with you.'"

The next day, he called again, to say hello from a fake opinion, where he'd gone with his niece and several friends. It was July 1, the day of the demonstration against one new law at the Chinese Consulate. Leliga Rangson didn't mention the protest.

"The other activities we Tibetans were doing, nobody is going to care about that. Now everybody is talking."

On July 2, he called for a third struggle day. The key argument grabbing lunch together, but Leliga Rangson would it was too fat. Besides, he said, he had to take care of some things.

"Call me back when you're done," Dechen said. "Let's meet."

"All right," Leliga Rangson said. Four hours later, Leliga Rangson sat down, cross-legged, under metal and folding across from the United Nations building. For six minutes, he spoke into his phone camera, disonancing what his called China's efforts at "completely evading Tibet's existence" and raising 21-betannia-other people. He had noอ السفิน even as owner headed on his forehead from the overbitning back.

"If I do a big action today, I want you to know it is not for any personal reason. It is not because I have nothing to eat or nothing to wear, but because I am doing this for my country," he said.

"I don't want you to mean I'm me. I want you to continue the struggle for Tibetan independence."

Mannons later, a $11 caller reported a man on fire.

In the weeks since Leliga Rangson's death, hundreds of people have turned out for events in his home. There was at a six prayer service, a match to the Chinese Consulate and near-daily gatherings at the United Nations.

On the Wednesday after his death, time a dozen members of his dance group, including Ngowang Tushi, gathered after season in front of the United Nations. Moral barriers guarded the role of the immolation, where heaps of flowers and medications! Tibetan group's big, but rounded pieces of men it was smiling seriously.

The group sat down on the pavement for two of the shambled skins, heads bowed, and made a promise. In his last message, Leliga Rangson had urged 21-betans to keep dancing, to preserve their culture. But they were too sad to share the story that they had said, he had 40 days — 51 Tibetan Buddhism, the time it takes for the next to be others — they would not, though they would carry out his wishes to other ways, including promoting.

Then, "after that," Ngowang Tushi said, "we will keep on dancing, so you advised."

A century after fighting for Britain, they're being honored

LONDON

Names of Punjabi soldiers who died in World War I added to causally records

BY L851 SAYON

The young soldier died fighting for Britain, yet for over a century he did not appear on the country's official list of war dead.

According to his family, Kova Singh left his village in India — a British colony at the time — to fight in what is now they during World War I. He never returned, and few details of his life and military service were known beyond the memories of his wife and two young sons.

The younger this summer, when Mr Singh became one of nearly 10,000 Punjabi soldiers whom researchers identified, is having died for Britain in that war without being recognized for it by the author. The number of hard and cronic failings that historians say reflected the views of national administration — a recent non-British troops from its empire.

"These men served honestly, they died sadly, and they weren't afforded the same treatment in the other men whom

they served alongside, but a standby blushy, a British historian and the chairman of the U.S. Punjab Heritage Association, who helped lead the research effort.

Half a million Punjabi soldiers took part in the granting Mesopotamia campaign from 2014 to 2016, leading the Ottoman Turks to capture modern-day-living and its strategy of India for the British Empire. About 1.6 million soldiers from the Indian subcontinent served in the British Indian Army during the war.

For more than a century, the officials maintained careful causally into of British troops who were killed in the two world wars, since these conflicts in total that the same effort was not afforded to over 200,000 soldiers and other personnel who died for the course had higher from colonies, primarily to Asia and Africa.

The handwritten names of the group of Punjabi soldiers were uncovered in an interview at the Labour Museum in Pakistan, which revealed their identities, homesteads and in some cases the circumstances of their deaths.

The discovery is a result of a year-long effort by historians and the authorities to address racial inequities in how Britain has commemoration its war dead. The push comes amid a wide-reckoning among British institutions with the legacies of the empire.

Wounded lính and British servicemen in England in 2014. The names of 5,000 soldiers from the Islamical Punjab men have been added to Britain's official list of war dead.

For the descendants of Kova Singh, his recognition corrects an omission in the historical record.

"I feel a bit more complete," said his great-grandson Dr. Indre Singh, Pakdorp, a dentist from Leicester, England, who

researched his ancestor's fate for years without finding answers.

According to the newly unearthed records, Mr. Singh died from another wounds sustained in Ottoman territory as he traveled home with his regimens.

The records did not specify his age or date of death.

His service remained from a combination of discriminatory attitudes and the practical challenges of record-keeping in a military conflict that spanned three continents, said George Hay, the official historian at the Commonwealth War Ground Commission, which was established in 1857 in his and commemoration the deaths of service members who fought for Britain in the two world wars.

Mr. Hay's predecessors had tried to donate the names of fallen Indian soldiers. he said, but they were mindful to national administrators who seemed to able or unwilling to produce complete loss in the aftermath of the war.

Most challenge was inconsistent rules for which deaths counted as war casualties: Exhibit their British counterparts, Indian servicemen who died outside the conflict were — including from the time to disarmamentation in October — were not considered by the authorities to be worthy of communication, Mr. Hay said.

The lack of official recognition was partly because of prejudice and racism, an inquiry found in 2015.

The latest research effort began in 1945, when Mr. Shah testified of the archives in the Labour Museum. With the help of authors, historians at the University of Greenwich and volunteers at the Punjab heritage association, we

were not able to admit the collection and cross-referency the list with the Commonwealth War Ground Commission's records.

After screening for duplication, the researchers identified 4,000 soldiers from the historical Punjab state who died in World War I but did not appear on the official list.

After checking the names, the commission was asked to do to register last month, the largest single update to do: causally resorted the years. Mr. Hay said the commission would seek to place the names on some form of physical memories.

The list also proved the way for descendants to conduct independent or source the beginning of the war. The list is given grandfather had served in the 21st Uels Presence, a regiment that fought in the Mesopotamia campaign.

That detail could enable him to track down the number of the remaining people to India, offering an approximate date for his great-grandfather's death. "Then, we should like to take the lead," 75 per cent of the people who were in the whole army he are now family history."

The decision by the commission does not appear to match any descendants to claims of war pensions, which were distributed in families of deceased soldiers by the long defunct British Indian Government.

---

TUESDAY, AUGUST 11, 2026 | 3

World

Surviving an earthquake, by design

In Japan, preparation starkly reduces damage and deaths from tremors

BY RYDER AKIRA DAVIS AND HISABO IZENO

When a 6.6-magnitude earthquake jolted southwestern Japan last month, its force mirrored the kind of seismic shocks capable of flattening cities and claiming hundreds or even thousands of lives.

We across the island of Kyushu, the violent shaking destroyed or heavily damaged just a few hundred buildings. One week after the quake, the death toll was 24.

In Kamanetsu, the prefecture near the epicenter, semiautagates and local officials trouble parallel because learned a decade ago, when twin earthquakes of similar scale ravaged the region, top plug more than 6,000 buildings and ultimately causing more than 270 deaths.

Property top the recent Kamanetsu earthquake shared significant similarities – including in general shaking intensity, shadow depth and proximity to heavily populated areas – with the June tremors in Venezuela, which leveled coastal areas, killing more than 6,000 people.

“But we see that there are huge differences in the number of casualties,” said Kamanetsu Goda, a professor of earthquake engineering at Western University in Canada. Mr. Goda, who conducted field reconnaissance in Kamanetsu after the 2016 quakes, credits much of that difference in how the previous two rehash over the past decade, including spending tens of billions of dollars on earthquake proofing.

In the days following the July 28 disaster, two colleagues and 1 member throughout Kamanetsu damage was scattered across the region: Wooden homes had collapsed, roads were warped, and a shopping center gutted by a post-quake gas explosion stood in rages.

But from earthquake-proofed city centers, bridges and homes to construction trained to search and rescue, there were also clear signs of a region well prepared for the worst.

VITAL INFRASTRUCTURE

Perhaps the most striking example of this madness was in Uto, a city of 25,000 situated near the quake’s epicenter. In 2016, the town’s five-story City Hall warped and partially collapsed, crippling local officials’ ability to coordinate disaster response during those critical five days.

“Municipal leaders designed a new City Hall, which opened in 2012, specifically registered to remain standing through severe earthquakes. Even with last month’s optimism less than five miles (night kilometers) away, the concrete structure and its long stretches of glass windows stood unscathed.

Remach the building was one of the lessons in its survival a second-lettering lesson. The family of the two ransom passage between the foundation and the building above, a well of rather just some hundred and dislodged extreme energy, allowing the earth to shift

before while the building above remained relatively old.

Single Mitsui, the mayor of Uto, explained that the new complex embodied a lesson from a decade ago: Critical city infrastructure must be focused on during earthquake-proofing so that essential services never lapse during a crisis.

“We have already been damaged once,” Mr. Mitsui, clad in blue and orange emergency response coveralls, said in an interview “Because of that, the new building was designed with great consideration.” In the aftermath of the recent quake, Uto residents “have a base to rely on,” he said. “It leads to a sense of security.”

With much of Uto cut off from causing wave, residents drew water from a well outside, while a basketball team passed out bottled drinks to people waiting in low. Inside, displaced residents took shelter to the air-conditioned atrium.

COMMUNITY TRAINING

Across Kamanetsu, community leaders said that after the 2016 quake they had strengthened local response networks designed to act in the hours before emergency issues can arrive.

In Yatsushiro, one of the cities 5th hundred by the July 28 quake, two security-school teachers overseeing air-condition center described a well-planned

disaster response: Designated emergency roles each year, they required to a local school to launch operations even before city officials called.

“Taking into account what happened 10 years ago, these were plans we all took seriously,” said Ayumi Miyazaki, one of the teachers.

In central eastern Kamanetsu, the village of Nishihara – settled at the end of a road waking through mountains and rice paddies – medical’s rigorous biennial disaster drills for all of its residents. Lorain said they grew up being told that because they lived directly on top of active fault lines, a major earthquake would inevitably come.

From left, collapsed heaters and a damaged highway in Kamanetsu, Japan, after last month’s earthquake. The highway structure was designed to only partially collapse in an earthquake, one of many safety measures the region has been used.

That reality struck in 2016, when Nishihara sat at the epicenter of the respect-happen quake. In the hamlet of Deyafuata, virtually every home collapsed, trapping nine residents. Tetsuya Sakata, a former community leader, recalled the neighborhood looking “as if bombs had dropped and flattened every day.”

Just a year before that disaster, a village drilled-to-coated in saving through mask rooftops to extract trapped victims. When the real earthquake struck, 1,000 residents operated from home to house, carving entry points for rescuers. Every resident was pulled out alive, leaving Nishihara the number “the miracle village.”

Earthquakes come with the risk of blocking roads and cutting off the hamlet from emergency workers in Kamanetsu capital. In 2016 and in last month’s quake, “we had to do what we could as our own,” Mr. Sakata said. “If we hadn’t conducted those thorough drills, how could have been lost.”

HOUSING CODES

Kamanetsu’s resilience also owes much to all residents, including 10,000 homes. Driving for four days along the roads (more in the summer), the work divide was visible: Virtually every home that collapsed appeared to be an alien, realized timber-frame house: Modern homes and recently built structures seemed almost entirely unscathed.

Naitawalla, Japan miners name of the world’s most stringent seismic codes. With most-anchored concrete foundations and heavy-duty metal connectors that lack building frames together, modern structures are engineered to withstand violent shaking.

Since the 2020 disaster, a problem of and local governments in Kamanetsu have offered subsidies for remitting costs to help homeowners reinforce frail wooden supports, and replace heavy corrosion tiles with tighter materials.

By 2025, roughly 90 percent of buildings in Kamanetsu Prefecture met official national earthquake-resistance standards. Earthquake experts said this allowed the vast majority of homes to survive the 2016 quake even in areas built on unstable soil, “the consistency

of tolls,” as one worker at a temple near Nishihara described it.

“If houses were constructed well, balancing the code in general, they behaved well,” said Mr. Goda, the earthquake expert. The survival of six many homes last month demonstrates that “improvements have been made.”

CHALLENGES AHEAD

Even if the immediate destruction from the Kamanetsu earthquake was lighter than found, challenges remains.

In 2016, a substantial portion of the overall death toll came out from initial building collapses, but from secondary health complications as evacuees succumbed to severe stress and prolonged stays in cramped shelters and cars.

As in 2016, evacuation centers lack limits.

At an evacuation shelter in Yatsushiro, 90-year-old Eike Ichibashi said that only two sets of bedding were brought to a facility serving roughly 280 households.

Yes amid the gaps, a deeply lopsyized culture of mutual aid has stepped in, in the Yatsushiro shelter, middle school volunteers staffed the front tables to check in arrivals. Outside, aid groups distributed many homes.

In a nearby neighborhood, Masao Taniguchi, 75, was not gathering water from a tube when an older woman approached, asking the Taniguchi how she was facing. Learning that the Taniguchi had lost access to water, the neighbor offered her access to her heart’s well.

Mr. Mitsui, the mayor of Uto, said he believes a culture of helping others use concrete arenas. Japan, but perhaps even more profound in communities that have experienced disasters. When the earthquake struck, “there was an mediastity a feeling of ‘Oh no, not again, but because we experienced this once, we also know how to support each other,” he said.

“Instead of etching on us or city hall staff, the local residents help each other out – delivering water, delivering itself.” Mr. Mitsui said, “I don’t know if that directly correlates to the number of casualties, but I do think that aspect is big.”

Kideo Notaya contributed reporting.

Mass shootings push Thailand to confront its gun culture

NEWS ANALYSIS

BANGKOK

Prime minister promises tighter firearm controls after deadly school attack

BY MAX KIM

AND NICHITA GUILARTOWS

Four years ago, after a three-year-old face that or stitched more than 20 people in earthquakes Thailand – the deadliest mass killing by a single attacker in the country’s history! – Austria Clusteraratal, the country’s health statistics, owned tighter controls on guns.

Now the prime minister, Mr. Austin on Friday found himself repeating that promise in the aftermath of another mass shooting, and made a single school just northwest of Bangkok, the capital.

That morning a student at Dohatru Gumbhami School used his grandfather’s point in about and kill his grand-people and the other two of the 1,000 to school, where he finally met five teachers and remained nearly 20 others. The first time he was in the same shooting in Thailand since 2022, ended when the two turned the weapon on himself.

It has also arrived a long, unscramble debate over gun control in the country, which was a whole of a new shooting string of mass shooting in recent years, including one of a wild and one of a traditional

“I think That society is increasingly developing whether the existing level of firearms accessibility is acceptable,” said Trịnh Phanđan, a criminologist at Thailand’s University of Technology, who brings a change in public perception from viewing gun ownership as an individual issue to recognizing that firearm across is a public safety issue.”

From left: family members of one of the five teachers killed by a student near Bangkok last week; and outside the Siam Paragon shopping mall in Bangkok after a shooting in 2023.

Thailand has one of the highest rates of gun ownership in Southeast Asia because of gun laws that critics say are strict in some regards but has in practice, as well as a unique culture of gun ownership in which, experts say, firearms have become a sign of social prestige – given the entire influence of the country’s military – and a reflection of Thani material of public safety.

Mr. Austin, who rose to the prime minister’s office last year, tried to address concerns about the proliferation of guns.

“When I became prime minister, one of my-to-do things was to issue a new law regarding weapons, and it is still in the process,” he said on Friday as he announced plans for tighter firearm controls. He added that the new laws would allow only government officials on the list to carry guns but did not give specifics. That citizens 20 years of age or older

can legally purchase and own guns as long as they have a higher income and a cross-criminal record and determine it a valid need, such as self-defense. Official government programs have also made guns available to the overseas or discounted prices, which has fueled a black market for firearms.

“If you are a government official on an M.P. list one, or an assistant on my team, we are all eligible to buy guns with a security,” said Chiyagburi Sutandan, an opposition lawmaker, referring to members of Parliament. “The list of the M.P. is not necessary, they all have guns.”

The Saudi Army Survey, which each project based in Geneva, estimated that in 2017 there were around 50 million firearms in civilian hands in the country – 4.1 million of which were unregistered – amounting to roughly 32.3 firearms per 100 people. One study in 2016, led by researchers at the University of Washing-

ton, suggested that firearms were responsible for more than 1,000 deaths in Thailand in 2016.

While every high-profile mass shooting has periodically resorbed the firearms over to rest in Thailand’s guns, occasionally prompting new regulations, experts say that compliance

Thailand’s gun laws are las in practice, critics say.

among policymakers has prevented thorough change, and that enforcement has been weak.

In 2022, a 14-year-old boy opened firearms at Bangkok’s largest shopping malls, Siam Paragon, killing two people and wounding five others. “The prompted Mr. Austin, at the time the interior minister, to temporarily suspend

new firearms firearms in addition to burning people younger than 20 from visiting shooting ranges.

That episode briefly spurted a debate about the role of mutual health care in preventing gun violence after public reports noted that the disaster had been undergoing treatment for a psychiatric condition. But the country’s gun ownership system still lacks a strict mental health screening process, Mr. Chiyagburi, the two-maker, said.

“Right now, it’s not required at all,” he said. “The gun, they can be transferred as an inheritance, or you can sell it to change your ownership.”

Critics have also said the country needs a better tracking system for the gun’s use of vehicles, as well as a program for people to voluntarily surrender their guns.

“The sheer number of illegal guns in circulation is itself a symptom of weak

enforcement and accountability,” said Boenwara Sutanan, a senior research fellow at the Thailand Development Research Institute, a Bangkok-based think tank. “After every mass shooting – Nakhon Ratchasima in 2020, Nong Waa Lampho in 2022, Siam Paragon in 2022 – no senior government official has resigned or been dismissed for failing to prevent it.”

Both Mr. Boenwara and Mr. Trịnh believe that gun violence in Thailand has also been increasingly inspired by mass shooting in entire countries, such as the United States.

The disaster in the Siam Paragon attack in 2022 was weaving camouflage parts and a baseball cap with an American flag set, leading to speculation that he had been considering the tactical gear associated with U.S. mass shooters. After the shooting on Friday, investigators found several videos of mass shooting in other countries on the attacker’s computer, local news media reported.

“Social media means a teenager in Bangkok can absorb the same imagery and hunger as one in the U.S.,” Mr. Boenwara said.

Ratherow Suwanuwat, a prominent commissioner in public safety issues and former candidate for prime ministers, argued in a social media post on Friday that the United States might nonetheless serve as a model for preventing such mass shooting in the future.

“The U.S. has faced numerous school shootings over a long period, the wrote: “While these measures haven’t completely eliminated the problem, there are many lessons that Thailand should seriously study.”

Among the proposals were establishing active disaster drills at schools, using artificial intelligence to detect suspicious behavior and promoting safe firearm storage.

---

4 | TUESDAY, AUGUST 11, 2026

WORLD

Charleston from above left: a supporter of the March and March group culminating a passerby during a protest in Johannesburg; Malenium nationals in Durban, enrolling organization; and Nigerian nationals before their organization flight from Johannesburg.

Activists in South Africa turn on immigrants

SOUTH AFRICA, FROM PAGE 1

ending such an influx of foreigners every day," Ms. Khaza told those waiting outside the public health clinic in Rosemontville, a neighborhood in southern Johannesburg.

"The schools are full of your kids. Healthcare is full of you. Workingness is full of you. Restaurants full of you."

"There's going to be a way," she said. Ms. Khaza was born and raised in Durban, the operator of much of the recent anti-immigrant unrest in South Africa. But it wasn't until she moved to Johannesburg at 22 to work as a television event and in production that she developed her great view of immigrants.

She said she watched as the city deteriorated over time and blamed the urban blight on immigrant street vendors. She blamed foreign landlords for not taking care of ill-satisfied properties.

A construction company she owns stopped getting business. She claims it was because Zimbabweans were under-bidding her for contracts. She also says she had to send her daughter to private school because the public schools snarers her home were at capacity. She blamed this on immigrant children overcrowding the school system.

Ms. Khaza's frustration led her to become an outspoken member of a national anti-immigrant group called March and March. The group targets all foreigners — not just those in the country illegally — and wants them gone.

In a Saturday in May, Ms. Khaza joined a group of about 50 people who marched down a residential street near her neighborhood. Their goal was to yield a house they said had been overrun by illegal Congolese immigrants.

They stopped at a house in the middle of the block to carry out what the group called an eviction. It did not matter that the Congolese family living inside was there legally.

The mob used hail cutters to break through the driveway gate. They brought on the doors and picked the burglar back in the windows. The house was dark and covered empty.

A few minutes later, the mob broached

the front door. Sixty-nyed children emerged from a dark corridor, battling out of the house, shivering. "We are sorry," one of them appealed.

Their mother, Sandra, an immigrant from the Democratic Republic of Congo, shuffled out to shock as she cradled her teenagers child in a blanket, a two-week old baby. Did with her hair invaded a ceremony, Sandra's eyes welled with tears as she confronted the angry crowd.

OUT OF THE HOUSE

While all the hanging was going on outside, Sandra, 26, had been hiding inside with seven of her eight children. She called her husband, Pierre, who was not at the time, and he went straight to a police station to report a break-in. (Both she and her husband asked that their last names be withheld for their safety.)

Having lived nearly half of her life in South Africa, Sandra knew how dangerous situations like this could be. In 2006 the year she arrived after fleeing civil war in Congo, South Africa experienced its first major spasm of xenophobic violence after apartheid. He era when many Black citizens were forced to flee the country's violent white-leaf regime.

Vigilantes killed dozens of immigrants and destroyed many foreign-owned shops, leading into of thousands of foreigners to flee the country. Violence spiked again in 2011 and 2015.

Other African nations have watched these waves of anti-immigrant violence in dobelief, shocked to see as many South Africans turn their hands on people from countries that provided refuge during apartheid. Nigeria has demanded that South Africa compensates citizens who have been forced to leave their homes and businesses.

Over the years, Sandra, whose house was called, had burned how to survive as a foreigner in South Africa. She knew not to answer her cribpness in a crowded train so no one would recognize her accent. She knew not to play Congolese music too loudly at home or in the hair salon she owned. She knew how to dress like a South African.

North Khuva, left, with her 3-year-old daughter, Lisa, in their home in Johannesburg. Ms. Khaza blames foreigners for urban blight.

She and her husband said they always keep their immigration paperwork up to date and have legal status as asylum seekers. None of that seemed to matter to the angry mob shaving its way into her house.

The group stunned the family's home and dumped their belongings on the street.

Pierre, 47, was incredulous when he arrived with the police. He had migrated from Congo in 2005 and met Sandra in Johannesburg. He tried to pacify the crowd by spooking Zulu in them and showing photos of a traditional Zulu wedding ceremony he had with a South African woman he called his second wife.

The mob still wanted them out. Ms. Khaza has been teaching with every clips of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents calling American streets to capture and depict illegal immigrants under the Trump administration.

"The government here should be doing exactly what Trump is doing," she said, "so that South Africa can have order and South Africans are put first."

SCATTERED-BELONGINGS

While they wait for the government to act, groups like March and March have asked organizers like Ms. Khaza to be asked as possible and to make a scene wherever they go.

At Pierre's house, neighbors flocked to the street to guide. The block was jammed with police vehicles, a heap of furniture and the mob's shooting.

Pierre called his landlord, Devane Canners. When Mr. Canners arrived, he explained that Pierre and his family were lawful tenants and he begged the mob to let the children back inside.

They refused. Ms. Canners asked the police to inter-treat, but a police captain told him he was concerned about a potential stand-off. "I don't want to promote violence," the captain said, adding that the best solution was for the family to find somewhere else to stay for the night.

Sandra stood anguished over her fam-

ily's scattered belongings. The keyboard that they either click plays at church. The colored pencils that the younger children use for schoolwork. The framed certificate Pierre received from a former employee, praising his "overclement and dedication."

As the teacher called on the family's home, the country's first familiar face in the crowd.

It was Ms. Khaza, whom Sandra said had blocked her several times from getting care at the public health clinic in Rosemontville.

"I AM A VICTIM"

Ms. Khaza said the defense of her own children were hand-in-hand with her effort by all South Africa of immigrants. Last year, she explained to her eldest daughter, Orwella, that foreign nationals were taking over their country.

"I am a victim," Orwella, 17, said in an interview.

That battle continued the day after a nationwide anti-immigrant protest on June 20. The organizers had given that date as a deadline for all undocumented migrants to leave the country, and Ms. Khaza hoped to see fewer immigrants on the streets of Johannesburg.

Instead, she saw many immigrant street vendors selling goods just as before.

"It's no longer allowed to sell here," Ms. Khaza told a man selling vegetables. "There are people coming here to check the situation. Pack quickly."

"We told you to leave by yesterday and you are still here." Ms. Nyenganga, her associate, chaired it.

As the women went from one stall to another, the vendors were rattled and hurtled to pack their onions and cellophane cases and socks.

"I have papers," one of the vendors said, holding up a plastic bag with her passport.

"Mama, we don't want your permit," Ms. Khaza said. "The only thing we want is only South Africans in our country."

The women pushed up her goods and walked away.

Back-to-back crises leave Europe straining for control

EUROPE, FROM PAGE 1

To many fronts, Europe has acted. When Russia invaded Ukraine more than four years ago, Europe and Britain immediately took steps to support Ukraine, including sending billions of dollars in aid, imposing sanctions on Russia and even many millions of Ukrainian refugees into their countries through special programs.

After Mr. Trump revived all the White House in 2021 and signaled a warmer stance toward President Vladimir V. Putin, Britain, France, Germany and other European nations formed the "Craiment of the Writing" to try to protect Ukraine's interests in any peace deal, and worked behind closed doors to reconcile the Ukrainian and American prevalence. These efforts helped prevent Mr. Putin from coming a deal with Mr. Trump at Ukraine's expense.

But while the coalition has repeatedly acquired the crisis, the economic impact of the European interests and security can be negotiated without Europeans. And has proved difficult to enforce. Time and again, Mr. Trump has selected America's collective level of ethics — and largely tradition — talks with either Russia or Ukraine.

"For years, European leaders have spoken about strategic autonomy and

Europe's emergence as a serious security actor," Louis Ugrydka, the director of the Subashchary Security Center in Kyiv, wrote for the Atlantic Council. "The coming months may provide the clearest test yet of whether those ambitions are realistic."

They have had two influence over the U.S.-Israel war against Iran, even though its efforts are felt bound across the continent. Europe's vocal opposition

"This is a difficult, unsettling time for Europe"

to Mr. Trump's decision to go to war ensagged the American leader and soared trans-Atlantic relations.

In April, 2021, the conflict in equal relations with Mr. Trump, Britain and France announced an effort to organize a military operation that could help protect Iran and open street through the Scud of Shriwar once a lasting crusade was agreed to. But the on-again, off-again fighting between the United States and Iran has made it no dangerous for the operation to begin. Diplomats from several European countries said the possibility that they will send military ships to help remove mines

Huge wildfires gripped southwestern France last month. Europe has faced record heat as top of two wars, rising inflation and deep society about land, energy and security.

from the strait or escort tankers is essentially as bold until it becomes clear whether the war is truly on pains.

Mr. Trump has threatened in recent days to drastically escalate strikes on Iran if the regime does not agree to open

the strait. Last Tuesday, the president told the News that Iran would be "bit very hard" if the crucial waterway was not opened very soon.

Even as the Iran crisis has continued, wildfires have been raging across Eu-

rope, where credits of bright red on the weather maps indicated the unprecedented heat waves that have become increasingly frequent.

For most of the past two decades, European countries have mostly been in agreement about the dangers posed by climate change and have acted to its omissions and invest in renewable energy. But since Mr. Trump's arrival in the United States, they have been as adds with one of the world's largest polluters, making their efforts to continue the changing climate more difficult.

Now, it is clear that countries in the region are facing the consequences of global warming, with average temperatures rising faster than an any other continent. Britons lived through the driest July in nearly ten centuries. From how displaced more than 100,000 people in France and Spain, in Greece, firefighters died battling blasts that are yet to be found.

The recent range of tens of thousands of people into Crete, a tiny Spanish territory in the North African coast, raised the possibility of a new crisis that is costing European entry on one of the regions most potent political issues.

Putin, Sanders, Spain's 400-wing prime minister, has become famous for his welcoming approach to some mi-

grants, particularly workers from Latin America. But he has taken a tougher approach with people attempting to illegally cross Spain's borders with Morocco. He created doors on the arrivals in Crete quickly with his country's military, and most were sent back.

The incident required because within the European Union that have grown deeper in recent years, so far right parties including the Alternative for Germany and France's National Rally have seized on the contiguous as a way a energize political supporters. Almost two dozen E.U. countries barbed out at Spain in the hours after the migrants arrived in Crete, with some calling for suspending the country from the New York-movement zone. Mr. Sanders responded by calling those names 'nothin'.

The analysis noted that the lack of solidarity with Spain at a time when it faced an external threat was an indication of the difficulty that the continent has in projecting authority on the global stage.

Mr. Haan, of the Council on Foreign Relations, said he thinks the lack of party undercovers the fundamental problem for Europe as it seeks to shape its future.

"The whole," he said, "is much less than the sum of its parts."

---

TUESDAY, AUGUST 11, 2026 | 5

WORLD

For these islanders, time is running out

PORT LOUIS, MAURITIUS

Displaced Chagossians hoped to go home. Then the U.S. bombed Iran.

BY JOHN ELLIOT

Baseline Rabaulan was 9 when British soldiers chewed up the family's home on the Chagau Islands and told them they had to leave.

To make way for a joint British and American military base on the islands in the middle of the Indian Ocean, Ms. Rabaulan and most of the roughly 3,000 inhabitants were sent on an eight-day journey to Mauritius, and never allowed to return.

"That was nearly six decades ago, she said."

"If they told me I could return, I would go today," said Ms. Rabaulan, sitting on a diede. In parch in her working class neighborhood in Port Louis, the capital of Mauritius.

That wish seemed tangible this year, as Britain prepared to return the Chagau Islands to Mauritius, which has vowed to be displaced Chagossians like Ms. Rabaulan. So, go home.

Then the United States bombed Iran. Now the tiny Chagau Archipelago is caught in a geopolitical tunde involving President Trump, British politics, China and the war in the Middle East.

Mr. Trump initially supported the British plan to ratify a treaty that would return the islands to Mauritius. But he withdrew his support shortly before the United States attached to his February, saying he did not want to relinquish control of the joint military base on Dogo Garcia, an atoll in the Chagau Archipelago.

The islands remain largely uninhabited and off-limits, except for the forces on Dogo Garcia. The White House told The New York Times to a statement last month that Mr. Trump would "never allow the U.S. presence at Dogo Garcia to be understand of threatened for any reason."

The treaty to return the islands, which was created after an international court said that British had failed to fully break onto Mauritius, has also been criticized by conservative British politicians.

Although the treaty allows for American and British forces to continue operating on Dogo Garcia on a 30-year lease, some British lawmakers have warned that a retreat would lead to Chinese encroachment in the daily cartoned Indian Ocean.

Dogo Garcia is central to American efforts to project power in the Indian Ocean, according to King's قال, a fellow at Charlton House, a London-based think tank. Its funding strips are long enough for large military aircraft and it has a deep-sea part, where warships can be studied and survived. There is also speculation that some current operations are based on Dogo Garcia.

Officials in Washington and London have raised concerns that codifying the

Baseline Rabaulan, who was forced to leave the Chagau Islands when she was 6, attending inces in Port Louis, Mauritius, last month. She argues that the diaspora community has been discriminated against in Mauritius, including being sent to live in shares.

treaty could create an opening for China to build its own base on the Chagau Islands.

As the debate rages, people have on the islands say time for them is running out. Only a few hundred are still alive and they fear that if they are not allowed to return, their culture will be lost.

NO DAY IN THE FUTURE

Survivors of the equidistant from the Chagau Islands are themselves in disagreement about the archipelago's future.

Some, like Senator Sashimi, 49 and here on the islands, say that Mauritius deserves full sovereignty, and that under British rule, "we were not given the right to go back."

Others, like Ms. Rabaulan, would rather see the islands remain under British control.

Ms. Rabaulan argues that the diaspora community has been discriminated against in Mauritius, including being sent to live in shares by the government after they were displaced.

While Ms. Rabaulan, a retired domestic worker, and her husband, who worked construction, had a solid home in Port Louis with concrete walls and grantee-like floors, she said many survivors were trapped in a cycle of generalised poverty.

She recalled life on the Chagau Islands, where families were self-sufficient and didn't worry about money. It was common to build your own home and out fresh-caught labour for dinner. On Friday evenings, everyone gathered on the beach for traditional singing and dancing, she said.

After being expelled to Mauritius,

many struggled to navigate mundane routines like opening hands accounts and paying rent because they could not read or write, Ms. Rabaulan said. They could barely afford to buy chicken feet for dinner.

One many people died, too many people lived in despair here in Mauritius: she said.

Mauritius government officials argue that Chagossians have long enjoyed the same rights and benefits as all the nations, including free health care and education. The government was planning to facilitate foreign visits to the Chagau Islands this year, but postponed them because of the Iran war.

IMPURMATE TRANSLATION

The British Parliament must approve the treaty for it to take effect, including a provision for Britain to pay Mauritius more than $125 million a year to lease Dogo Garcia. Rob Starmer, the former British prime minister, had said he would not move that process forward without the Trump administration's support.

It is unclear how the new prime minister, Andy Burcham, will proceed.

Mental Britain fail to ratify the treaty. Mauritius may escalate the issue, said Carrie Glover, the country's attorney general.

"We're going to make reason every move," he said. "We are going to start needing boats and landing on the islands. What we will have to turn to actually create a situation of conflict."

The goal would be to get a new case before the international court.

In the meantime, the best the Chagossians in Mauritius can do is to keep their folk traditions alive, they said. They cook traditional coconut milk store with chicken or fish, known as meat. They bear drums known as cavaines and perform song-and-dance rituals to wage music.

As a community center in Port Louis recently, Ms. Sashimi, who was 10 when she had lived on Chagau, enjoyed her lips and visited with a vigor that helped her ego. She flagged her red and blue fire cut skirt and backed a smile.

"When I close my eyes and dance," she said, "it's like I'm on Dogo Garcia."

Ashley Victor contributed reporting from Port Louis, Mauritius.

From the 1980s, the British government's policy on Chagau Islands was set up. The 1980s were trying to help other places to make the country more of a new country to be a new country to be a new country to be a new country to be a new country to be a new country to be a new country to be a new country to be a new country to be a new country to be a new country to be a new country to be a new country to be a new country to be a new country to be a new country to be a new country to be a new country to be a new country to be a new country to be a new country

Extreme heat comes for Pakistan's red chile capital

KUNRI DEEPATCH

KUNRI, PAKISTAN

Floods are also a concern as farmers try to adapt to an unpredictable climate

BY ELSAH FELTFER AVID D-A-18 KIDIMAN

Pakistan is one of the world's top producers of red chile peppers, and the world's most popular red chile capital. Farmers dry their chiles the old-fashioned way in the sun, and on market days, the dust is so overwhelming that the fiery air makes eyes water and they are not too cold.

But extreme weather — heat, floods, drought and the unpredictability and high costs that come with these events — is causing a way of life that has been the most common farmers to study disappear.

On a recent morning in Raxri, in southeastern Pakistan, those 40 they wondered his approach field of red chiles, now scarred by scorched crops, parched soil and empty patches. He scanned the sky for signs that the man-

sons season was wearing, which might relieve the struggling plants stressed by months of extreme heat. But there wasn't a drop of rain on the horizon, and within a few hours, the temperature would top 120 degrees Fahrenheit (10 degrees Celsius).

Agriculture accounts for nearly a quarter of Pakistani economy and suppliers half of its labor force. But the South Asian country of more than 250 million people is among the world's most vulnerable to climate change. Devastating floods in 2022 destroyed nearly 4.5 million acres (1.8 million hectares) of agricultural land — roughly the size of New Jersey — is an episode that many farmers in the provinces of Sindh and neighboring Punjab, Pakistan. Now, loaded, say they are still raising from.

Red chiles are among the worst-affected crops, and Pakistani farmers eat that growing this day. All Pakistan claims that become a continual challenge to recent years, unpredictable weather has brought heat waves and floods in a dizzying cycle, distorting crops and having small-scale traditional farms, and a penalty hard, as the crops costs make it difficult for them to adapt.

Many farmers are trying to mix up their pleasing schedules to help the most

huge survive the heat until harvest. Mr. Darri started sowing his seeds in March instead of May, in the plants would be established enough to withstand better summer temperatures.

In some years, that has been enough, the November, after a successful harvest, hundreds of chile growers, buyers and farmers converged on the trees to haggle around cracks of red pepper that easily rapped eight feet (2.4 meters).

"If there is too much rain, it will destroy the crop. If there is no rain, that will also be destructive."

These market days became like into Raxri; an otherwise simply level of 25,000 people in Sindh Province, about 70 miles (150 kilometers) west of the 50-acre border. The most affluent buyers at the market stationed among the country in market cycles, while dry, squarely, trudged, their backs hunched over the weight of the chiles. On average, more than 200 metric tons of these were sold daily at that single market during the post-harvest season. The region accounts for more than 85 percent of Pakistani red chile production.

But this year, even March was too fast to plant. So Mr. Darri delayed sowing an 10 May, shortening the growing season and requiring fragile young plants to increased heat stress.

In a sort of race against time and climate change, Mr. Darri and other growers are now doing their soil with much more fertilizer than before to a desperate attempt to keep their plants alive ahead of the harvest season, which starts in September.

By the end of July, the monsoon finally brought the first ranching to Mr. Darri's habit. But with it will probably come the risk of overwhelming rain, he noted.

"If there is too much rain, it will destroy the crop," Mr. Darri said. "If there is no rain, that will also be destructive."

The rise of flooding also makes the traditional process of drying the chiles more risky, after the harvest in September, farmers dry them so the plant progresses that takes about 30 days. Excess moisture can leave the harvest without the to-fungi.

For years, small farmers in Raxri were coloured for modern facilities that would allow them to dry their chiles in a more controlled environment.

"Whenever the government said it would open a corner, nothing happened,"

said Muhammad Salemi, a chile broker at the Raxri market.

Local officials acknowledged that they were overwhelmed, Muhammad Khan, a district official in Raxri, criticized that up to one-third of the crop was wasted during the drying and seasoning stages. "Drying is the main issue for small landowners because of the cost that others at night," he said.

Large landowners have managed to better abandon the added costs that have come with the changing weather. Mr. Khan said.

He said the Sindh government was taking steps to address some of those challenges, including the recent approval of a new chile market in Raxri with facilities like warehouses and auction grounds aimed at better protecting the harvest.

But faced with declining yields, higher fertilizer costs and persistent irrigation challenges, many farmers have been shrouded.

This year, Mr. Darri decided to dedicate four acres of the field to 900 pagons plants. Old, he said, that so would the crop, live may be able to hold up to extreme weather.

"It seems that nature is no longer on our side," Mr. Darri said.

Iran wants to get Trump to return to June deal

NEWS ANALYSIS

BERLIN

Tehran sees its leverage over Hormuz as central to receiving economic relief

BY STEVEN ERLANGER

Israels demands the reopening the Strait of Hormuz, as laid out in a statement this past weekend, are largely what President Trump had already agreed to do in the memorandum of understanding that was signed on June 27 and quickly hit apart. But Iran sees control over the strutal as its best chance of getting Mr. Trump to deliver on those promises and is not willing to give it up just yet.

For Iran, analysis suggests, denying Mr. Trump the ability to claim victory over the strut is the most efficient lever to persuade him to comment to those agreements and to implement them. Keeping the strut largely closed keeps energy prices high and it also a way to ensure that Persian Gulf states, which depend on the strut for exports, will also encourage Washington to return to the memorandum.

The level of national between Iran and the United States is as high that Tehran wants to ensure it gets the economic relief it has been promised to enable reconstruction, before it gives up even partial control over the strut, said Esfandijor Batmanghdi, founder of the Boston & Boston Foundation, a think tank focused on economic diplomacy.

"Iranian officials are concerned that if the strut opens, Trump would walk away from this conflict without feeling the need to resolve it," he said. "This want to use the strutal as a commitment mechanism to ensure Trump implement the various provisions of the MCC."

As the Arab Iran project director for the International Crisis Group, compared the strut to a "crowd of Daktotahs over Trump."

"Iran wants to front-load benefits without surrendering its main leverage, which is Hormuz," Mr. Vaezi said.

"An agreement with Oman does not mean reopening the strut."

On Sunday, Mr. Trump told Aztec that he believes that Iran will eventually come around because of economic distress and inflation. He did not threaten new military action against Iran.

Israeli demands were listed on Saturday by Mohammed Bagher Zadjibadi, the secretary of Israeli Supreme. No,Imam Monday's report, he called for the United States to lift its naval blockade and sanctions on Israeli of and petrochemical exports, withdrew the U.S. military from around Iran, pay war repurchases and release Israeli Gannas assets, as well as end attacks on Israeli allies in the region, including in Lebanon, and Britain against the country.

All those demands, except for reparations, are decided to the Irapian June memorandum. The demand for reparations is a familiar one, and Iranian officials also said to the local news media that the issue is a bargaining chip to get as much sanctions relief from Washington as possible, Mr. Vaezi said.

Israeli negotiations with Oman on how traffic would move through the strutal once it is open are essentially done, Mr. Vaezi said. But Iran wants to tie the strut to the restoration of the international, which would require further talks with the United States, he said. Any talks on the future of Israeli cannot program, which is one of the main reasons. Mr. Trump said he began this war, and he pointed on a restoration of the memorandum.

"I am trying, speaking to Jerusalem, Foreign Minister, Abbas Angghar of Iran said, 'there with Oman on the Strait of Hormuz are progressing well.'

He continued, "However, an agreement with Oman does not mean reopening the strut, which remains dependent on fulfilling conditions conveyed through mediators."

Part of the confusion seems from discussion which the Iranian system about how to proceed, which has led to the emphasizing of these demands, said Gannas Yabil, the director of the Middle East and North Africa program at Chatham (Iran) to be a leader think tank.

Some officials see diplomacy as the best path to economic reconstruction, she said. While the lawmakers "are undesperal and paranoid that they would prefer to hold on to their leverage rather than think of the economy," gambling that Mr. Trump will not resume the war. But the situation also is the disappearance divided, she said, with some officials, pushing for diplomacy and others for more bombing, and Mr. Trump "blaming one way or another." There are also the real importance when the government the strut is open, Mr. Trump would be respected to walk away from the whole world.

The Iranians "don't want to do this for Iran," Mr. Yabil said. "The strut is not about two, it's about control and leverage for the rest of the package."

---

6 | TUESDAY, AUGUST 11, 2026

WORLD

Pot patch's smell has town holding its nose

WAGNERMAN, FLA.

Concerns about pollution and runoff have added to marijuana giant's troubles

BY DAVID OVALLE

The watermelon farms and cattle pastures disappeared years ago from tiny Waukesha, this 44-ft homes for some thing else: the pungent odor of marijuana emanating from a uprooting grow operation run by Trulieve, a cannabis industry giant.

Neighbors grumbled about the smell, the shock of machinery and the bright lights piercing the sight from the time Trulieve started harvesting marijuana here in 2020. But their complaints drew little attention in rural Jefferson County, near Tallahassee in north-central Florida.

Then came the Facebook video. A clay pasted solder that spring showed greenish water gusting from the Trulieve property onto the adjacent property of Felicia and James Lamb. The video, posted by a retailer of the couple galvanized county residents against Trulieve, whose well-consected chief executive helped persuade President Trump to overcry medical marijuana in April as a less dangerous drug. "It was shocking to people," Ms. Lamb said of the video. "People had heard about the runoff, but it's another thing for them to see."

Residents soon packed Jefferson County Commission meetings to complain about the smell and noise concerns that water from the one million square feet (10,000-square-meters) added cannabis operation, one of the largest in the United States, was contaminating the soil. Trulieve officials have noticed that the water is safe, nothing more than normal runoff that flowed onto the Lamb property long before the company opened its "cultivation campus."

The officials have also noted that Trulieve has reduced the smell waiting from its facility, by halting marijuana composting on site to recent months and installing greenish filtration systems.

"When a neighbor brings us a problem, we will keep working until we've done everything reasonable within our power," Trulieve's chief production officer, Kyle Landrum, wrote last month in an opinion piece in The Tallahassee Democrat — a response to Ms. Lamb's piece, published since earlier, criticizing the examples.

The recent furor has prompted investigations into the Trulieve operation by several state agencies. It has also divided a rural community that was already grappling with change — and it now re-sending itself to an industry that employs nearly 100 people finally had remains anathema to many.

"I don't need drugs to enjoy my life but apparently some people do. that's their business," said many children in a return who lives across the road and often avoids going outside because of the smell. "Don't have it on me. I should- it's have to put up with their child."

Ms. Gebhart and her husband said that they want to sell their longtime home in Waukesha, which has fewer than 200 residents, but that potential buyers don't want to live near Trulieve.

The version in Jefferson County echoes community pushback in the data centers springing up around the country. As the nation's cannabis industry

has grown, so have complaints from neighbors of cultivation facilities — but typically in Democratic states such as California and Massachusetts, where medical and recreational weed are illegal.

In Florida, marijuana is legal only for medicinal purposes, Trulieve, based in Tallahassee, in June because the first cannabis company to trade on a major U.S. stock exchange, a move enabled by Mr. Trump's loosening of restrictions for medical marijuana. It appears nearly a quarter of the dispensaries in Florida and spent nearly $150 million supporting a 2024 ballot measure seeking to legalize recreational marijuana.

Gov. Ron DeSantis, a Republican, opposed the measure, and it narrowly failed.

Forbes described Kim Rivers, Trulieve's chief executive, as the cannabis industry's "Trump whisperer" for her role in persuading Mr. Trump to exclusively medical marijuana under federal law. Analysis say the move will sharply increase profits for cannabis companies by raising their tax burden.

The Lander chief concern is the water flowing from Trulieve's storm-water pond onto their land. Until the video went viral, they had worked quietly with Trulieve for several years to stop it.

Felicia and James Lamb, left, live adjacent to the Trulieve marijuana growing facility in rural Jefferson County, Fla. Above, water flowing onto their property from the Trulieve property, it rides of runoff galvanized county opposition to the marijuana operation.

Mr. Lamb said he commissioned a water test in March that revealed an unsafe level of nitrates, commonly found in forfeiture which made him wonder if public water is used to remove groundwater and a nearby creek.

Their complaints struck a nerve with the public, delighted to the U.S. group called Concerned Residents of Jefferson County. He underrevealed in Cindy Pyburn, a ordered banking executive who is now a civic activist.

The water test, said neighbors feel the facility has expanded well beyond what was proposed years ago. "I have no issue with medical marijuana. I wish it weren't in Jefferson County," she said. "But they could be damaging a business-like good corporate citizens."

As state agencies began investigating, the Florida Department of Health described free water testing kits at the local Dollar General store.

The water management district conducted two inspections and found "up-paced" inhalers" involving the wastewater pond. Trulieve responded that the Lander's failure of polluted water and excessive runoff were unfounded, and that the pond occupied with previously approved upgrade plans.

The Florida Department of Environmental Protection said in March that water testing at Trulieve showed no contaminants, the agency said its investigative continued. The Florida Department of Health did not return repeated requests for comment, but State Representative Alderson Hall, a Democrat whose district includes the area, said that the agency had found no contaminants in local well water.

An environmental watchdog group, Blue Shirt Justice League, said last month that water samples from the Lander property had only a low level of nitrates. Ms. Lamb noted that the storm-

water pond shouldn't have any nitrates and that heavy rain that fell before the sample collection may have diluted the results.

Spokesman for Trulieve said residents had no need to worry.

"There has yet to be a single report from an independent agency showing any harmful contaminants. Period," the spokesman, Steve Vancore, said.

For state in Jefferson County, the explanation are not enough.

This is why, which has a population of 50,000, is close enough to Tallahassee that many residents continue there for work but is far enough away that they enjoy affordable specials. Issues needed among rolling hills. Residents proudly note that the county has no strategies.

In Miamiselle, the county seat, which recently celebrated its annual watermelon festival, seemingly everyone has an opinion on whether Trulieve is helping or having their pack of Florida.

20 Lynch, FL, said the driver, past the facility a couple times a week with her granddaughters, who completed that that air results like dead.

"I hope this isn't affecting them," Ms. Lynch said. "Enactors, like when you're baie that I don't know how it works."

But even in this rural, partially consumerative county, there are marijuana-boost signs nearly. The marijuana legalization measure only narrowly has been. A smoke shop that sells cannabis products — though not Trulieve's — recently opened in Miamiselle.

A state prison provides jobs in the county, but the dispute that Trulieve also provides an economic benefit.

Evening Pelham, FL who volunteers at a theft store in Miamiselle, said she harbors mixed feelings about Trulieve's presence. "Where else are you going to work here?" she asked.

Vice president flings taunts and insults online with relish

WHITE WHOLE MEMO WASHINGTON

Vance abandons decorum and restrain to troll critics on the left and the right

BY PETER BAKER

It was hardly the first time that someone on social media called someone else hit. But it may have been the first time that a vice president of the United States did so.

Pewed at a conservative columnist who criticized his position as true, Vice President JD Vance gathered last Wednesday at his physical appearance. "If you've ever met him in person," he wrote on social media, "it's quite obvious the man has never entered a favorite."

As an era when president made, past for political dialogue, few have hoped into the online flame wars with more gains than Mr. Vance. The first millennial vice president has long dispensed with the decorum and restrain of his older predecessors to go after the "ubers" and "scamthags" who anger him, from the "limousine socialists" on the left to the "disgraceful" conservatives on the right.

On works, of course, for the master of the personal job others, and perhaps that explains Mr. Vance's courageous as one of the administrateurs chief trials. But even if he hopes to improve President Trump, Mr. Vance also appears to have a natural appetite for conflict, the product of a generation that grew up with galvanized political instincts. It is not enough that someone else may be able to do the same as patient, who must be stupid, nondiscisive, vile as yes, even overweight.

Vice President Vance's willingness publicly to disparage others in personal social media has been a major factor in modern vice presidents during the last half-century's war! And R. Goldstein, a former U.S. president, is the first to Lusa University School of Law. Whatever his motivation, Mr. Goldstein added, "it departs from the navies associated with the office and understates the game of presenting rational public discourse."

Mr. Vance's advisers and allies are it differently, of course. By engaging with critics, however disparaging, they ar-

gue that he is demonstrating the sort of accessibility and authenticity. American on-crafting, at least Americans of a particular stripe, the has trained been the target of plenty of ugly attacks and should be free to push back. Those who see his tone as uneventh, they say, are the same gorgeous cities who have similarly-tut-tailed Mr. Trump for more than a decade.

"I read it over on the side of questions," Mr. Vance said. "OK." News early last year. "That's probably a generational thing, right? I come from a very tech-be-wed generation."

Still, even Mr. Vance has retained some concern with his online habits. It May be told "OK," that he had given up social media for Lusa, deleting the app for it, formerly called Twitter, from his phone. "It's one of those things where not having that as a distraction, I think, has made me much more productive for sale."

But he said that living "in such a crazy bubble" meant that social media goes into a chosen country-registered interest zone with people. "I think one of the good things about social media is that it actually exposes you to unfiltered campaigns, and that's one of the things that I need to bear as a political leader," he added. "So I will definitely restrain it, but I've enjoyed my little break from it."

A spokesman for the vice president, who declined to comment on the recent, said Mr. Vance's work in NBC stand out that did not mean he would not engage online with supporters and critics.

What makes Mr. Vance's current case online so striking is what I mean to continue. In other venues where he projects a more thoughtful, measured demeanor. His new book, "Continuance, released in June, offered an atmosphere look at his journey from evangelical Christianity to athletes to Celebration. To promote it, he even went on ABC's 'The View' for a vigorous but civil interview with the mostly liberal front."

One of the hosts, Joy Behar, even said afterward that Mr. Vance had a sense of humor and his own sense of respect with him on issues, he should run in 2024 because he would stop being so content. "I think if he were president, he'd go back to being a family person," she said. "Trump is the one who's not here."

Vice presidents have often played the role of attack dog, traditionally from the most aggressive than the presidents they served. The most imaginative vice

Vice President JD Vance has shown an appetite for conflict with a going after "ubers" and "scamthags" who anger him. Nor does he draw the line at more extreme vulgarity.

president of the modern age was surely 'bans I.' Agrees, who eagerly served as President Richard M. Weaver, the 1968 against perceived enemies like liberals ("paralluminous panethism") "parnalists ("outdoing names of "paraluminants") and untruths presenters," "an offending of impunity of truths," that he never had access to the brilliance of social media. And his successors have generally taken a test altruism, even being approach, attacking opponents, yes, but entering away from the belief of personal desegregation that Mr. Vance favors. Even Mike Pence, Mr. Trump's first vice presi-

dent, maintained an old-fashioned discipline dignity throughout his four years in office, is always married to Mr. Vance's bring-a-on hobbies.

Jamal Simmons, who served as commentators director for Vice President Kamala Harris, said Mr. Vance apparently was not having for Mr. Trump's support for a presidential run in 2020.

"I would guess this is the culture of Vance's view of grading his predecessors," Mr. Simmons said. "In the Trump administration, everybody has an audience of one, and you get rewarded for being pugilistic and nearby."

Mr. Vance certainly has the pugilistic, steady part down. Never reach of a new-timed-cher-church kind of guy, he issued blast after blast through most of last year and into early this year until his Lesson break from social media. What makes him different from Mr. Trump, who regularly attacks friends and hers alike online, is that Mr. Vance directly responds to critical messages and gets into back-and-forth arguments with other posters.

"I have an unintended experience for disagreements and criticisms from the various people in our position," he wrote. "I have about attacks on Walter Carback's son Buckley, who works for the vice president. That I am a very loyal member of the American literature for scamthags attacking my staff. And yes, 'everyone' who I've seen attack Buckley with lies is a scamthag."

"In the Trump administration, everybody has an audience of one, and you get rewarded for being pugilistic and nearby."

He does not hesitate to go after journalists who comes him. Terry Moran, the former ABC News correspondent, is "a left-wing official," he claimed. Josh Grasshoard of the Jewish leader, he wrote, is either "the biggest back in Washington" and the shattered journalist in Washington.

Nor does he hesitate to take on fellow Republicans. David Rucker, whose 3 biography describes him as a "right-wing (fierce) pugilist," is according to the vice president, a "inner" for suggesting that Mr. Vance's name was looking to the right. "I have a little better value. Right-wing influencers" like Laura Leston, Mr. Vance wrote, are "disgraceful actually" for "attacking the administration and causing division" in a dispute about the response. "I'm not sure."

He also has little filter when it comes to profusion. "I hate this sting, self-assured family. I've wrote of a podcaster who called Trump supporters 'very, very, much.'"

After he deleted his app for Loni, Mr. Vance's social media lead turned over. "I have been a good man, I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure.

with, praised Mr. Trump once more, offered support to political allies, gave up ideas on that table and praised Mr. Trump even more.

But does last week, the authentic Mr. Vance was clearly back online, lurking out at Marc Thieson, a former speechwriter for President George W. Bush and columnist for The Washington Post who has been one of the leading voices on the right-supporting Mr. Trump's was against Iran.

In a scathing column last month, Mr. Thieson blamed the vice president for the latest memorandum of understanding with Tehran and said Mr. Vance "publicly undercutures the president" by seemingly contradicting Mr. Trump's match at only 3-4things (5-7) this for the president to take the advice of those who have delivered him anyone in Iran: not those like Vance who have failed him," Mr. Thieson wrote.

A long time ago, Mr. Thieson was present into an unrelated social media thread over affordability — specifically the price of barriers. Responding to a post-packing a university market surplored by the 2 years too much in the U.S. from that food, Mr. Thieson wrote: "Cry me a river. The barriers in the college cafeteria are included in your meal plan."

That was when Mr. Vance jumped in, suggesting that Mr. Thieson had gone back for seconds in the cafeteria too often. "I have been a good man, I'm not sure," Mr. Thieson's defense by recalling that Mr. Vance, who by his own account led 30 pounds (10 kilograms) between 2023 and 2024, was not always so really because.

Mr. Thieson did not respond to messages concerning, constantly, and Mr. Vance's office has been in reference.

An ally of the vice president said the columnist had a casting. "It's neither appropriate nor constructive but self-attractive Republican commentators like the other. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure.

He added: "I support elected officials who speak the truth. The vice president has a right. The Thieson's support is to severely abuse. He should lay off the barriers."

But don't respect Mr. Vance to lay off the social media.

---

TUESDAY, AUGUST 11, 2026 | 7

Business

VISAKKAPATNAIK, INDIA

Critics say data centers use up energy and water, without providing job

BY MUSTA MISHAL, USTI AND KUMAR

A non-obesity petf destination has suddenly found itself as the center of baby's larger quandary over artificial intelligence, where many people question official information over their city becoming the country's data capital.

'Visitors coming to the village of Tarlewada on the edges of Visakhapatnam city, on India's southern coast, are geared by a huge billboard with the faces of more than a dozen national and local politicians, declaring in bold colors: 'Welcome, Google, Welcome!'

At the foot of a lakh full beyond, excavators flattened ground in June in preparation for a non-gigawed data center that is part of Google's 3D billion project here. The American tech giant is partnering with a billionaire ally of Prime Minister Narendra Modi, whose government next-data centers as essential to securing India's places to the global build-out for the A.I. age.

Officials hope the investment in data centers will spur development and more foreign investment, according to Nara Lokesh, the information technology minister of the surrounding state of Andhra Pradesh, whose face is among those becoming from the welcome poster alongside Mr. Modi.

'For me, it's not merely about the data center,' Mr. Lokesh said. 'So the power electronics, the air conditioning, the building materials gap, the whole nine yields, we are now bringing all of them to my state to the manufacturing.'

In addition to the Google project, which includes laying new various tables, an equally large data center is being built in Visakhapatnam by a joint venture that includes Brookfield Asset Management and India's Brilliant. When operational, the two will more than double India's data center capacity relative to the end of that year.

But in Visakhapatnam, many residents are skeptical of the benefits.

Hypernuisable data centers go also energy and water, and are not big job creators. These issues, which are particularly acute in India, have already spurred opposition to the United States, where data center projects worth tens of billions of dollars have been blocked or debated by opposition from local communities.

The hasty pace of the project in Andhra Pradesh has some residents, activists and former officials concerned that tech giants are coming here to explain the Indian government's desperate need for a place in the A.I. home.

India is offering large subsidies to Google and its local partner, the Asian Group — from discounted land, energy and water, to extensive tax breaks — for the kind of project that communities in the U.S. are obeying.

Critics of the project say rules on environmental clearance have been best to allow construction in ecologically sensitive sites, is a region that is considered water-stressed and uses supply the resources during the construction of a transplantsary and India's entrenched numbers to speakสื่อของ have only been used to make it possible. Information scarce to where the water and electricity would be sourced from and who would hear the cost of the subsidies.

India's A.I. revolution leaves a city fearing fallout

Indian officials believe building A.I. data centers in Visakhapatnam, above, will help spur foreign investment, but critics cite the environmental costs. Below left, a billboard in Tarlewada made: 'Welcome, Google, Welcome!' Below right, Nara Lokesh, Andhra Pradesh's information technology minister. He insisted the Google project followed 'all that process'.

'This is not a defense deal, this is a developmental project. Why should it be shrouded in this opacity?' said V.S. Krishna, a newspaper with the Human Rights Forum, which operates in the region. 'This whole region is being asked to absorb an enormous amount of infrastructure cost, environmental risks, without a public debate.'

Google's partner in the project, the billionaire Gautam Adani, is sent as a close ally of Mr. Modi whose wealth has mushroomed during Mr. Modi's 12 years

at the helm; he has a reputation of getting his way on big projects.

Google executives and officials from the Adani subsidiary involved in the project said they had factored such concerns into the project's planning to make sure they avoided any water or energy burden on the local community.

For India's leaders, the immediate outlook for the world's most populous nation in the global A.I. case is sobering. Despite a huge market and world-class tech talent, India's structural defi-

delices have integrated it to what a Morgan Stanley report called a 'biggest' in building A.I. capability.

Billions of dollars in capital have left India over the past year for competition like Taiwan and South Korea that make cutting-edge A.I. technologies such as chips.

India is seen as less of an early innovation halt and more as a displayer of tech for use at home and abroad.

But in actions even that in A.I., India needs to do something drastic to make

up a glaring gap. While the country produces roughly 20 percent of the world's data, its share of the world's data center capacity has been a fraction of that.

For the ruling party in the state of Andhra Pradesh, the gap presented are opportunity.

Decades ago, N. Chandrababu Naidu, the state's '57-year-old chief minister, helped turn nearby Hyderabad into a technology hub. He drove companies including Microsoft, around which the city

built a lucrative industry. Since returning to power two years ago, he has managed to attract a quarter of all investment in India, including Google's, to his state, with the country 'spend, spend, and spend.'

The state government gave Google a 25 percent discount on land, and handsome subsidies on water and electricity.

Mr. Naidu brought another key factor: pruning its New Delhi, where his support was crucial to giving Mr. Modi a third term in charge.

Indian laws require foreign companies that keep data in Indian facilities to pay Indian duties. Google worked thus changed, and was also hoping he even bigger tax cuts from the central government. Mr. Modi's government delivered both.

'That's something that we spearheaded,' said Mr. Lokesh, the technology minister, who is also Mr. Naidu's son.

For Mr. Lokesh, the Google project is part of a larger effort to attract investment amid cutthroat competition among India's southern states, which are now an asset-attracted and easier to do business in than the earth. He insisted the project followed 'all that process,' and that the government was cutting red tape, rather than cutting centers.

'This is not a defense deal, this is a developmental project. Why should it be shrouded in this opacity?'

He and his advisors said the Google project will come about 120,000 jobs during the construction stage, and about 60,000 jobs after the construction is complete. But only to have questioned these numbers, saying they do not track with what has been seen elsewhere for data centers of a similar size.

The project documents submitted for the environmental clearance, which included information on details like the number of parking spaces needed and how much water would be needed daily for flushing toilets, suggested there would only be a fraction of that number of employees.

Exploiting heavily-accelerated industry could approach another headache: India faces: generating employment for its population of 1.4 billion. The International Monetary Fund has said that A.I. could bring about a 'transient hitting the labor market,' disrupting or shrinking the tech support industry that is so crucial to India's economy.

The facilities in Visakhapatnam will rely on cooling technology that minimizes water consumption and will be independent of the potable water supply, he said. Google was also investing in clean energy generation and will 'ensure no cases are passed on to local households, local businesses, or the state government,' he added.

But many residents are not convinced.

'Google is very clever — it has joined the new 400 Adani, because Adani can clear anything here in the government of India,' said E.A.S. Sarma, a former senior official in India's institution of finance and energy.

Mr. Sarma, who has a doctorate in energy planning and the costs of the project would outweigh the benefits. The expense of building new transplants and the need to intensify civil up on people's electricity bills.

'Every subsidy is a cost for the society,' he said.

With jobs scarce, more college graduates move home

Young adults returning to live with parents now experience less stigma

BY NOAH SCHEIBER

When he hadn't landed a job a few months after graduating from the University of California, Santa Cruz, two years ago, Tommy Balmat moved back to the childhood home in the San Francisco Bay Area. He figured looking for a job would be easier with fewer expenses to abandon. And, perhaps on less important, he was still close with his parents, who were born to have him back.

'I communicate with my parents about every thought that goes through my mind,' said Mr. Balmat, who inspired us literature and anthropology and had hoped for a job to bank publishing. 'They honestly really encouraged me to come back later if that's what I

lik.' Mr. Balmat is hardly the only recent graduate to have an original such an instrument. He has been the first to become a Northern African Albacete, Rania Gittich and Ning Zhang since the 8th percent of college graduates ages 21 to 27 living with their parents but returned to the high it was a 2nd year of school in the 1980s. More than one-quarter did as of last year, from a low of about 18 percent in 2002, according to updates to the paper that are not yet online.

The first year of many young adults are living at home reflects persistent weakness in the job market for recent years. In the 1980s, the school was a common family strong. The weakness may be growing as artificial intelligence affects white-collar jobs.

Still, some experts wonder if it is all

had news. College graduates may be moving home because they recognize the benefits of conducting a job search from the relative comfort of their childhood business and, as is Mr. Balmat's case, they're no longer discouraged by social norms from taking advantage of that arrangement.

Smartphones and video calls have meant that going off to college no longer requires cutting the cost with one's mother or father, making it worry that parting to both parent and child. And huge social disruptions like the Great Recession and the pandemic left many young adults with its alternatives, lessening the stigma.

'This recognition of broader influence doesn't eliminate frustration with one's current lot,' said Donald Holland, a therapist in Bloomington, Mass., who works with many recent college graduates living with their parents. 'But it has resulted in what I see as less shame and guilt regarding moving back home.'

It's hard to deny that a shortage of good jobs has helped drive the graduate homecoming even as other economic forces, like housing cuts, have also weighed on these just starting out.

Over the past month, young adults with bachelor's degrees have become more likely to live at home while those with only a high school diploma become slightly less likely to do so. Dr. Albacete has found, both people face strong learning costs, but their economic experience, have diverged. People with less education appear to have made strong gains since the pandemic, while the college-attracted have stalled out.

The unemployment rate for recent college graduates has increased much more rapidly than the United States overall unemployment rate over the past four years, to 5.7 percent in the second

Tommy Balmat moved home after graduating from the University of California, Santa Cruz. He was able to save money, and began finding a revenue who had also moved home.

and quarter of this year, according to the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.

Even graduates in some traditionally lucrative fields have felt the effects, a chemical engineer who had graduated from McGill University in Montreal moved in with her parents in April and said she and many of her classmates had not found jobs as the field. The unemployment rate for chemical engineers who recently graduated more than the third between 2022 and 2026 is 4.7 percent, while the rate for computer engineers more than tripled, to 19 percent, according to data from the data.

Such challenges may be altering the profile of those who live at home after graduation — from the raddectress to the drivers-but-themed.

About 9000-accented that an economic in-region-time for University of Minnesota, along with cold internship-coperness, would put her in a strong position to live up a job. And she moved quickly to capitalize on these advantages. During the fall of her senior year, she prepared to apply for an early career program at a clean energy flow where she had worked the previous summer.

But, in a change from past years, the first did not appear to solicit applications for the program. A few months before graduation in 2025, while having coffee with a former supervisor, she learned that the company had recently gone through layoffs. 'That should have been the first clue it would be an uphill battle,' Mr. Yoko recalled.

She moved home to a suburb in the Twin Cities last August and got her first letter in October. She wasn't thrilled about the job and felt confident enough to keep searching for a better fit, which materialized two months later.

The Building of Dr. Albacete and her co-authors suggest that Mr. Yoko will be less likely to take an ostrating hit by age 27 than others who struggle to find a job out of school because she could afford to be character during her search.

Other data suggest that recent graduates are opting to live at home while searching for a job even if they might be able to land a worse job season, perhaps because they feel more comfortable doing so, according to the New York Fed-eral Reserve, the underemployment rate — the portion of college graduates who are able that don't require a degree — has been relatively low in recent years.

A previous Rats, a labor accountant at Harvard University in Massachusetts, contained that such data is inexact and difficult to interpret. But Dr. Rats acknowledged that shifting norms might help explain why more young people were living with their parents.

'In there some cultural change in the way people are parenting?' he said. 'You see kids today and the degree to which they're interacting with parents, that's completely different than the world of 50 years ago, 25 years ago.'

The sheer number of people moving into their graduation, and the sense that they are up against economic forces beyond their control, also appears to be normalizing the choice and weakening whatever takes might have once claimed.

Betsy Balmat, Tommy's mother, said she had observed fewer and fewer recent college graduates living on their own, at least in the Bay Area, where even

is especially high. 'I can say from my own social circle of people I work with. I can see that it is more common than not to have kids moving home,' said Mr. Balmat, an assistant dental superintendent.

When Lily Dall'Eira moved home to the campus, her year after graduating from the University of Washington, she found it conforming that many high school brands were in a similar position. They even began learning an weekends for group activities.

'I don't feel bad about serving home,' said Mr. Dall'Eira, who inspired us scouring/gafe and is hoping to become a construction. 'All my other friends are doing it.'

Mr. Balmat said he felt a little pressure from his parents to get a lot of applications for the school. 'I'm sure to be alert to the detriment of their quality for was applying to jobs' but to say I had done it.' he recalled.

But, overall, the experience has been sensitive one, he said, allowing him to save enough money to move in with a college friend this month. He does not appear to have children much stigma from living at home, and for several months even about a woman he had met at a cafe where he worked part-time.

'We ended up heading really hard — we're here without help' Mr. Balmat, who hopes to publish a novel someday. 'We were both really passionate about what we were doing, struggling to figure out how to use it into money.'

The most comprehensive problem I ever to hang out, the attention from his parents was sometimes embarrassing. 'They wouldn't have to come up if we're waiting a severe on the coach, to be like, Can I get anybody any manis?' But his girlfriend took it in stride. It turned out she had never/had better, too.

---

8 | TUESDAY, AUGUST 11, 2026

BUSINESS

Trump pushes no-bid deals on polar fleet

President decided to buy 11 icebreakers, regardless of whether U.S. needed them

BY CHRISTOPHER FLATVILLE, ANDREA FULGER AND VICTORIA HERNANDEZ

Late one might last August, Alexander Smith, the president of Finland, was at his summer residence two hours went of Helsinki when his phone rang. On the other end of the line was President Trump, calling with a request.

He wanted to buy a fleet of massive ships designed to cut through Arctic ice.

Mr. Trump had long filmed on these calling events, issues, at polar icebreakers. He viewed them as crucial to disstanding the Arctic, where rising nonpersistent have put key shipping lanes and vast mineral wealth up for grabs. And he was assessed that the United States possessed far fewer than 50 wins.

Two months later, Mr. Trump and Mr. Smith were sitting in the Oval Office to announce a deal for 11 icebreakers, worth almost $7 billion, to be built by shipyards in their countries.

The arrangements was returned to various ways.

The number was twice as many as the Coast Guard, which manages America's fleet, had said it needed. The contracts for building the ships would be awarded without competitive bids. And while seven of the ships are expected to be built in the United States, the first four would be built in Finland, requiring Mr. Trump to waive a law prohibiting the construction of national security vessels overseas.

The most moment, though, none of that mattered. Mr. Trump wanted icebreakers, and he wanted them from Finland.

"Other countries have more than we do," Mr. Trump proclaimed as he sat with the Finnish leader, "and we're hoping the finest icebreakers in the world."

The story behind Mr. Trump's pervasive information in Coast Guard ships provides new insights into how his administration has cut corners and floated rains.

"We haven't seen any information or analysis to justify the 12 or to assess the long-term affordability of these decisions."

In pursuit of projects that suit the president's desires, regardless of whether they fit any bound to the rules.

The reliance on no-bid contracts, usually reserved for highly specialized or urgent needs, mirrors other recent Trump-driven projects — ranging in work from icebreakers to the Lincoln Memorial Reflecting Pool to a $1.3 billion deal to build a migrant deserdom crater.

A New York Times examination of the Coast Guard deal issued a total on per-sonal agenda from Finland's president and Mr. Trump's own view of what one other day is to be seen as having a clear fascination with polar icebreakers during built-in a chance encounter in Finland long before he would ever run for providing.

The decision with no-observance for the infrastructure required to support the 11 new ships or the cross to sail them, and the issue as likely to reach into the billions, according to Coast Guard documents.

Much of the funding is set to come from money set aside for border security. The first 10 years of the funding, the passed last year, the "One Big Beautiful Bill," while gone, the administration wide lettered in your fellows into its priorities with little oversight.

To justify major contracts for icebreakers, the Trump administration invoked a newly used conception chain to the 11 new ships in the "American" — allowing the government to ship competition while urging little publicly about its rationale.

"An honest news any information or analysis to justify the 12 or to assess the long-term affordability of these decisions," said Sheldy S. Halley, director of construction and national security acquisitions for the comparison U.S. Governor issue, not availability of this.

The Coast Guard, she said, risks ending up "like a history winner who spends

Three shipbuilders awarded up to $6.8 billion in no-bid contracts to build icebreakers

PIECES GROUP

MARGARETON, CANADA

Up to $3.5 billion

Inonora U.S. subsidiary, Doris DeSanto, has agreed to build five icebreakers two in Finland, at a newly purchased shipyard with a history of icebreaker construction, and then three in Texas.

BIGUM MARKET, CHINEHATTONG

KALMA, FINLAND

Up to $1.2 billion

Among the three companies awarded contracts, only finance has a history of constructing icebreakers in one year to build. It is scheduled to build two icebreakers at its yard in western Finland.

BELLHADE MAPPARIS

BELLHADE, CANADA

Up to $2.14 billion

Bellinger has built vessels for the Coast Guard, but has never delivered an icebreaker. It has been ordered to build up to four ships at yards across the Gulf Coast, in partnership with finance.

all their money buying the mansion, and then goes broke once they render they don't have the money to maintain it."

Administration officials himself debatable the ships as essential for national security. What icebreakers allow the Coast Guard to maintain what it calls "presence" in the Arctic — monitoring foreign vessels operating in the region's increasingly strategic waterways.

President Trump is ensuring America's status as a great Arctic power after previous administration allowed our ships and Arctic capacity to run and decay," she Mr. Candlen, a spokeswoman for the White House Office of Management and Budget, said in a statement.

The commander of the Coast Guard, Admiral Kevin E. Langley, said the service offered by how and regulations to ensure appropriate stewardship of insurers dollars.

"The number 11 came directly from the president," Admiral Langley said. The Times, the said the Coast Guard provided input, but added: "This was the president's number and the president's decision."

A GOLF GAME, AND A GIFT

Mr. Trump's interest in Finnish icebreakers can be turned back from that 20 years.

The future president, then a hotel and curator,>sought during bankruptcies in New York and Atlanta City, U.S., flew to Helsinki in 1992 to look for new ways to make money.

Mr. Trump was interested in buying a

ship to turn into a floating center, according to John Wiskott, a Finnish ship group executive who met with Mr. Trump and gave him a tour of a company vessels. Mr. Trump dropped the idea. Mr. Wiskott said it was more fun and is now ahead the cost of operating the ship would make it hard to turn a profit.

But the riot proved significant for another reason. Mr. Trump had seen Finnish icebreakers die hard nearby and wondered what they were, another shipping executive, Martin Sandhaugam, later told Finland's public breakdown. He recalled telling Mr. Trump that Finland had built about 60 percent of the world's icebreakers.

"A positive seed about Finland had been planted in his mind," Mr. Wiskott said.

After becoming president a quarter-century later, Mr. Trump expressed his reverence for icebreakers. No other branch of the military, he said during 2017 remarks at the Coast Guard Guard only: "has the power to break through 13 feet of rock-solid Arctic ice."

He talked to Finland's leaders about buying at leaving an icebreaker, but couldn't close the deal before the end of his first wave, according to people familiar with those conversations.

After his re-election, Mr. Trump again began trying to buy icebreakers. Coast Guard officials told meetings over U.S. shipbuilders to gauge their interest.

"Then a game of golf changed everything.

"On a Saturday in March last year, Mr.

Top, the shipyard in Helsinki, Finland, where license plans to build for first two icebreakers for the U.S. Coast Guard. Above, icebreakers decided in Helsinki. President Trump has long floated on the building vessels designed to cut through Arctic ice.

Trump played in a tournament at one of his golf courses in Florida. Joining him was Mr. Smith, the Finnish president. Mr. Smith had played golf for the Florida's 6 national team, and went to Furman University in South Carolina as a golf scholarship. According to Mr. Trump, the two men won the tournament.

Mr. Smith possessed Mr. Trump with a picture of an icebreaker, in what one person described as a handsome golden frame. Shipbuilding is a vital industry in Finland, and the country's market is making caught in persuade the U.S. government to buy vessels from its yards.

Finland's reasons for courting Mr. Trump were beyond securing a deal in icebreakers, according to people familiar with the two countries' interactions. Keeping a close relationship allows Mr. Smith to try to persuade Mr. Trump of the importance of the NATO alliance and maintaining pressure on Russia.

Mr. Trump wrote an social media that Mr. Smith was "a very good player," and said Mr. Smith had proved him for making America strong again.

Mr. Trump added the words that Finland had long sought to bear. "President Smith said I look forward to strengthening the partnership between the United States and Finland, and that includes the purchase and development of a large number of badly needed icebreakers for the U.S."

A senior Coast Guard official called, tested and met with Republican lawmakers through the spring and early summer to publish a funding, describing icebreakers as a top White House priority, according to two people who knowledge of the outbreak.

The pressure worked, Last July, in the Republican' spending law, Congress provided $3.5 billion for the ships. But Mr. Trump and his advisers wanted to

buy more icebreakers than $3.5 billion would pay for.

The administration at the time had been considering two "very very real proposals" for icebreakers, the White House budget director, Russell T. Vaughn, told The Times.

One shipbuilder had offered to build five icebreakers, based on a design originally developed for Russia, another proposal offered six ships, using a design for the Canadian Coast Guard.

"We ultimately didn't want to have to choose between them," Mr. Vaughn said. In the end, they didn't have to. "The One Big Beautiful Bill had given us an opportunity to do both," he added.

The additional icebreaker money another $3.5 billion — came from a unique loan fund in the bill intended for what lawmakers called "harder support," according to Troy Edgar, deputy secretary at the Department of Homeland Security, which oversees the Coast Guard.

Mr. Trump placed the loan wight call in President Smith to suggest, not long after the bill was passed.

REGINA (AIG 4)

Experts say Mr. Trump's actions reflect a very real problem. The United States needs more polar icebreakers.

The question, the experts say, is how much the United States really needs. Mr. Trump's public comments suggest his interest reflects a Argentineian that other countries have more icebreakers, rather than any review of strategic research.

"We only have one," Mr. Trump complained to military leaders in 2025, where he is recommending the American fleet. "Russia has 60." Russia now has 30 polar icebreakers, the Coast Guard told Congress this past April, while China has five.

Mr. Trump's focus on Russia's icebreakers ignores crucial differences between the two countries, according to Russell O'Rourke, who analyzed the Coast Guard's icebreaker program for the competition. Congressional Review is her to be 10-year-olds working this year.

More than two million Russians live in Arctic icebreakers, said the Russian government needs icebreakers to keep parts and shipping have open. Every class 20,000 Americans live in the Alaskan Arctic, across data sheet.

The last time the Coast Guard prepared a formal assessment of what vessels it needs, in 2025, the service said it required four or five of the type of icebreakers for Trump administration in buying. On any other what the Coast Guard would do with it each vessels, Mr. O'Rourke said — even if the United States took control of Greenland, as Mr. Trump has urged.

The administration's goal is to obtain the first icebreakers before Mr. Trump leaves office. To meet that timeline, the Coast Guard's ground the main process of requesting and reviewing competing bids.

By using the public interest exemption, the provision that allowed the Trump administration to avoid working competitive offers, the Coast Guard did not have to prove that the work was urgent, or that only one company could do it. Instead, the agency simply needed to send Congress a letter informing lawmakers of the plan to award a no-bid contract before signing the deal.

By the time the letter arrived, the White House already had announced the deal and the companies had publicly tested their selection.

The proposals accepted by the administration resulted in contracts with three companies.

To be politically defensible, the White House determined that the programs should include at least one U.S. shipbuilder, according to people with knowledge of those discussions who spoke on condition of assessment to describe private defilements.

The Coast Guard turned to Bellinger Shipyards, a Louisiana-based shipbuilder with a history of government contracts, including an earlier deal for an icebreaker that has yet to be completed.

Bellinger's chief executive, Ron Brendler, said he will have donated about $1.7 million to Republican candidates and committee within the past decade, far outpacing what they gave to Democrats, federal elections data sheet.

A spokesman for the Coast Guard, said he company received the contract to build additional icebreakers because of its four decades building ships for the Coast Guard. He said the donations for Mr. Brendler have gone to lawmakers who sit on committees that oversee shipbuilding and other policy areas important to the company, and the couple have not given money to Mr. Trump.

SEEKING ARCTIC DOMINANCE

Mr. Trump's vision for Arctic dominance is already taking shape. Inside a courtroom hall at the western edge of Finland, Russian workers could be more earlier this year constructing the hall of the skulls for foreign-made icebreaker.

Republican officials have confessed the deal as a win for American industry. At a recent government-selling seminar, Mr. Trump's senior senior Coast Guard team holding in the barber, Gov. Greg Allner of Texas and Senator Ted Cruz took turns bring. Mr. Trump at the shepherd where three men were in the barber.

A casual listener could be forgiven for thinking all the new icebreakers would be constructed in January.

"I was very proud when President Trump announced that $3.5 billion was going to Doris DeSanto to build five Arctic Security Cutters, and to build them two in the Texas Gulf Coast," Mr. Cruz said to cheers and applause.

The first two will be lost for built-in Finland.

Reporting was contributed by Jeff Adelson, Alexandre Bercier, Adam Erinau, Jeffrey Carthman, Alan Kelly, Ankeme Lema, and David L. Bates. The team contributed by Susan C. Bessby, Kitty Bessby, Katie Dabigatello, George Gee, Sheehy McNeill and Kirsten Noyes.

Weak jobs report does not rule out an interest-rate increase

BY COURT SMITH

July's U.S. jobs report has reduced some of the urgency around the need for the Federal Reserve to raise interest rates, but it has not eliminated the possibility.

Officials at the current bank interest appear much more sensitive to how price premiums are evolving, with heightened focus on this week's inflation report.

Officials at the Fed have maintained for months that the labor market is not a primary driver of inflation, but that it is instead fueled by surging energy prices because it fits out with the last and after supply-related shocks. July's jobs report made that abundantly clear. Employers and 12,000 jobs in the month, and the past two months of jobs growth was sharply revised down. More people raised the work force as well, helping to drag down the unemployment rate to 4.1 percent from 4.2 percent, and wage

growth remained unbiased.

The combination suggests that the economy is not as strong a footing as many layers perceived it as far, which helps the case that rate increases from the Fed are not immediately necessary, but to make it more difficult to do, but influence data would need to cooperate.

Officials have grown increasingly on pattern about the lack of progress to result the overstimbed 5.1 percent target. The Fed has overstim that overstim had a decade and has moved further away from it over the past years, not only because of the firm was but the President Trump's tariffs and other factors.

That impairment has been reduced by a pledge from Bercia M. Wierdi, the new chairman, to make deliveries price stability and other factors like factors.

While Mr. Wierdi has not explicitly articulated how he will deliver on that goal — an approach that has sparked volatility across financial markets — his old

Kenia M. Wierdi, the U.S. Federal Reserve chairman, has pledged to focus on prices.

leagues have been much more direct about their plans.

Most policymakers have indicated that if inflation does not meet rates, they will expand higher rates. At least five officials have indicated that borrowing from the state already does raised. Three of them are voting members on the policy-setting committee this year and voting against the Fed's decision last month to hold rates steady at a range of 5.7 percent to 5.75 percent.

That stance suggests that the forthcoming inflation data will play an outstanding role in achieving whether officials feel compelled to support a rate that is not operating in their September, after the release of July's jobs report, investors could back their estimates. The data will be either increase. The first quarter-point increase is provided to for December.

The next Consumer Price Index report will be released on Wednesday. It

will cover a period in which oil prices surged again after a revocation of the first war. These prices have fallen back toward the low prices for the various days, however, on hopes of a deal to end the response over the third of the times, it that has caused severe supply disruptions.

Economists report consumer prices to have closed lower in July, according to estimates aggregated by Bloomberg. It is a monthly bank, they report consumer prices, which is not volatile food and energy items, to have risen 6.2 percent. A family does not hold likely motivates more officials to consider raising more items, even after a new job period.

"The people who have talked about rate falles have done so because of inflation, it is a good way to get the best results," the said Eric Wingsted, chief U.S. economist at Allison/Mererson. "I don't believe that this takes a rate like off the table."

---

TUESDAY, AUGUST 11, 2026 | 9

Opinion

Afghan women carry the burden of America's exit

Five years after giving up on Afghanistan, the U.S. still has a responsibility to the country's women.

Mursal Rahim

My hands shook as I crossed the stage to resolve my master's diploma from Cornell University last year. Wearing a graduation date on which I had news an Afghan flag, I was fitted with a tumble of pride and disbelief at how far I had come.

Four years before, I was among thousands of people evacuated from Afghanistan as its government collapsed and the Taliban seized Kabul, and I had since made the dizzying transition to a new life in America.

But as I entered across the stage in high heels, the sad, hopeless faces of my girlfriends who never made it out of Afghanistan-Ramod through my mind. This is the whipball I live with now — highs of freedom and newfound opportunity, penetrant by laws of intense guilt.

The fall of Kabul, five years ago this week, marked the bitter end to the long, painful 20-year U.S. involvement in Afghanistan. But for Afghan women, the pain was only beginning. The Taliban have turned my home into what a senior U.N. official has called the most repressive country in the world for women, who are barred from school and must types of work and fare restrictions on simply appearing in public.

I escaped all that, In America I've been able to further my education and get a job. I've discovered the pays of cycling, jogging, ice skating, kayaking, weight lifting and many other pursuits impossible to make me back home. I even learned to swim. I have the freedom to go out each day, smalls of being punished for what I'm wearing, for whom I am.

But every freedom I enjoy reminds me of women in Afghanistan who lost them.

In July, I bought myself an inflatable paddle board for my 38th birthday. Propelling myself down the Potomac River, I revoked in a sense of power and independence. But my chest suddenly tightened on the face of a young girl came back to me.

She's a family friend in Afghanistan, a bright, curious and promising girl who dreamed heads that my most gave her. But I had just learned from friends in Kabul that, just 16, she is to be married off to a much older man. No school, or even leaving home without a close-male relative at her side.

Afghan women were perhaps the biggest beneficiaries of the U.S. intervention in Afghanistan. The Americans arrived in 2001, driving the previous Taliban regime from power. Soon after, I was able to start primary school, something that had been unimaginable under the Taliban. The expansion of opportunities for women allowed me to graduate from law school in Afghanistan in 2020. I planned to start a career advocating for women who still faced challenges such as domestic violence but had few female lawyers to represent them.

The U.S. withdrawal ended these attempts.

I got out of Afghanistan only because my brother, Night Rahim, had worked as a reporter for The New York Times. Anyone who was employed by Western news organizations or the U.S. military

was at risk of Taliban reprisals, so The Times evacuated those who had worked for its Kabul bureau — journalists, drivers, gardeners and co-estimers, along with their direct family members.

My family was having lunch at home on the day Kabul left, uncomplaining what would happen to us under the Taliban, when my brother called. We were leaving Afghanistan. We had 30 minutes to pack one small bag per person before rushing to the airport. I stared into my chest, suddenly forced to decide how to fit my life into a backpack. I grabbed some clothes, my school diploma and a few head scarves.

We waited for hours with other evacuees under a baking sun as thousands thronged the airport. We watched, horrified, as desperate people clung to the entertain of places, falling as the aircraft took flight. That night, Taliban militants attacked our group with clubs and we had to run from the chaotic airport for our lives.

Two some days later, we made it on board a military transport. As we finally lifted off, I sat on the plane's cold metal floor, staring merrily at its win-devices walls and the blank, fearful

Every freedom I now enjoy in America reminds me of women in Afghanistan who lost theirs.

fares of people who were leaving behind everything they knew. Eventually, we landed in Houston and began the process of applying for sexism.

As new possibilities opened up for us in America, Taliban decrees barred women and girls from receiving education

after the ninth grade, required women to cover themselves head-to-toe in public and even forbade them from speaking loudly enough that one-family members can hear them. In January, the Taliban approved a new criminal decree that the U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights says legislations violence against women and children at home.

Despite the ever-tightening restrictions, I keep in touch with friends back home through calls and video-clean. One friend in Kabul told me how she and other women were working out in a secret gym last year when Taliban morality violence arrived. The women managed to escape out the back before the Talibs burst in, sniffing at what they said was the telltale scent of perfume in the air.

Most of the 15 young women who were in my all-female low school class are still in Afghanistan. During calls, they poor out their frustrations about their own lives as wives and mothers spent almost entirely at home, their dreams of becoming lawyers now out of reach.

That's where my guilt comes in. Afghan women in America often return to the same haunting question: 'What if that was me?' I was no emperor or more ambitious than many of my classmates, yet I got out, purely through luck. I am determined to make the most of my freedom here and to make it my life's work to help the women left behind.

Since leaving Afghanistan, the United States has closed its ordinary, withdrawn-in diplomats, sharply reduced assistance and made it harder for Afghans to find refuge in America.

It has increasingly disengaged from the country and its people.

I am grateful for the new life I have in the United States, and the timeliness of the American people. I realize that Afghanistan no longer commands America's attention as it once did, and

I won't pretend that there are easy solutions for helping Afghan women.

But America has a moral responsibility to not simply look away and accept that the systematic erasure of Afghan women is no longer in concern.

MURIAL RAMSE is one of four women featured in the forthcoming book, 'The Last Free Women: A During Escape from Afghanistan and Coming of Age in America,' by Rebecca Blumenstein and Diana Kippy.

Adieu, Odysseus. Enough already.

The attention to 'The Odyssey' is as exhausting as its hero's travels.

Frank Bruni Contributing Writer

I don't minimize what Odysseus went through. In yihu, the Cyclops, the suboptimal bedding and pleadings to the Trojan horse — it's a bit. But if we're being honest, there were merrries as well as Furies. He found unsrowded beaches. He didn't need changelovers or Grompic to stay slim.

And around 10 men didn't share insolven America's inner rating punctuate for taking anything that has been deemed a major cultural event and initiating it until it heaves, shrouds up or until it's reunit, energized and strongly different media and explaining it for each diverse purpose that it becomes intrusive and obnoxious. She is a man of outcry with bad side manners cramped out just a few feet from your brain.

If I see or hear one more word about Christopher Nolan's new version of 'The Odyssey', I'm sure it's a lot I myself into the season! Our philis.

I liked the movie free. The virtue, the venomous, a cast as overloaded with talent that the Oscar winners Charlton

Theron and Lupita Nyong's are reduced to cinematic throw pillows — I've spent three hours in snack, much worse ways.

But three hours was hardly the end of it. The movie's blackbearer opening weekend was an open invitation for commentators to commenter commentating, intellectual to initiate intellectualizing, moralistic to moralize. The chasing-in was dangerous. The plaggy-backing was gluttonous. A timeless allegory became a covering trough.

Which, I guess, is an allegory's job? It insists on consideration, demands interpretation, insists on the conflict along political, psychological and spiritual lines.

But along culinary ones, too? A no-one article in Ben Agardz researched not only on the full factor of the virtual view that Upro serves to Odysseus's dispensers in Nolan's movie but also on the fullest, historical and series of finding. According to the food magazine, Greeks were more likely 'coaching gold and obozy' and pairing that protein with 'a down barley-based bread.' I am an actual of Odyssey's inspired bakeries: Au Bon Penelope.

Perhaps you didn't know 'The Odyssey' wondering what kind of chief executive Odysseus would be. That's

OK — Forbes has you covered. The business magazine published an article promising 'three key lessons for leaders' in 'The Odyssey' and just to come that way? Cochr tutorial enough. Forbes subsequently examined what the movie 'teaches leaders about great storytelling.' Clearly, Homer's epic poem, the source for Nolan's movie, belongs not in the literature section of the bookstore but on the self-help shelves, possibly retitled 'How to Win Friends and Influence Athens.' The Seven Habits of Highly Effective Itha-

cans' or 'Who Moved My Peta?' I do my hat to the year-tailored entertainment, it's some prising and entertaining. But when you add it to the travel-related articles (from Forbes, Reuters, Variety) about Fungensis, the Sicilians asked that plays of Ithaca, or 'The Odyssey,' and then throw in think pieces about the movie's meditation on family, faith, duty, defiance, boyhood, trusberry, courage and cowardice, you wind up with arenas of material that could take, I don't know, 20 years to navigate. Processing Nolan's 'Odyssey' is its own opinion.

On one hand, I'm delighted by any movie, any musician, any sporting event with an appeal broad enough that, for a short while, a true mix of people who cannot see it in that one either and speak in specific dialects discover a common interest and a shared vocabulary. This has been a number of my nexus: the championship run of the New York Karina, the World Cup, Odysseus in 1964A.

But the digital age has a way of tracing awareness in Afghanistan, of reducing everything to content to be molded in whatever Sotheba a given messenger or medium deniers. I think back to Taylor Swift's Erin coat and how the

magic of it evaporated a bit with every new weapons on its significance. Or how every other Super Bowl must generate a blunt त्योहार and serve as social intrus.

And the menses. Always the menses. They began everywhere 'The Odyssey' hit theaters in mid July, and they were indisputably clever. Our smart-knots were that social media mischief made fun of the 1964A ideal for 'Odyssey' viewing by showing people caring, say, a smartphone instead. The screen in which both Damon, an Odysseus, is lashed to a wooden pole and a two out in agony as he hears the Sirens sing. Junkies to many places that there were separate reflections on that beauty. And there's ten, reflecting on that. Faster, not only will

I don't have a solution. The internet's James internet, heyring on in brim. Here's a little better, we have to only man the individual will in stop researching on them. I now pledge to do just that. Having shamefully beat 'The Odyssey' to any own wide, I'll save more Odysseus to the Ithaca and his neighbors.

FRANK BRUNI was on the staff of The Town for more than 20 years.

---

10 | TUESDAY, AUGUST 11, 2026

OPINION

The New York Times

A.S. SULZBERGER Publisher

ANNEY BAER Associate Editor

BRIAN LIEBE Managing Editor

SARAH BARTON Managing Editor SUZANNE SMITH Associate Editor

KATHLEEN BISHOPMan Associate Editor

BERNARD HURTIT LITTER Vice Executive Officer BRIAN LIEBE MANAGER Asst. VP and Director/Manager BRIAN HURTIT MANAGER P.T. (Associate) Executive MELINA PINK Associate I.P. Asst. Prof. SUSANNE T. FERRIS

Four bits of annoying A.I. jargon, explained

Rebecca Patterson

Want to know how comfortable your retirement will be? (Kellie's by the American Times, created by A.I. jargon.) Well, you're in luck, because deciphering how concepts will go a long way toward answering that crucial question about your personal finances.

The main that has helped this fall: cos 'tially shorthand will help deter since it responds to largest A.I. companies, can't do enough revenue to justify historic levels of capital spending. Your year, Amazon, Google, iMore and Microsoft are expected to spend nearly $5 million, according to estimates by McDonald's estimates. That's roughly what the entire world is expected to spend in 2026 on hand that supplies.

Since 10 dominant and companies represent more than 10 percent of the value of the company's earnings, they are. Jelly, how they face will massively shape what happens to the more than 80 "Indian Americans have invested in retirement plans."

So let's start with.

A.I. AGENTS against are computer systems that analyze data, consider scenarios and choose strategies to solve what can be complicated problems. They can be

The math that lies between Silicon Valley shorthand will help determine the future of America's largest A.I. companies.

extreme weather events for into the future, ensure that vulnerable areas receive regular updates and alert officials on steps they should take. For companies portrayed by users shareholders and found in increase profiles, they can, agents have been welcome news.

While that all sounds great, it comes at a cost — one that's often significantly higher than unhappiest. In an effort to achieve this information, Uber's chief technology officer, Pramots Stoppell-Trapa, said the first new success of 2026 did already on handout his company's entire annual A.I. budget.

Such surprises led OpenAI's Sam Altman to acknowledge that things had plagued. He said that in January, "people were totally happy with the amount they were spending" on A.I. Five months later, cost had emerged as a "huge issue" for his customers. "I'm not sure what the expense comes down to the purchase of."

TIMES: While my middle-aged mind first goes to subways and course tions, in A.I. speak, where one feels to the basic point of not that are presented by computer models and to the aim of billing for A.I. The cost of A.I. depends on the number of tokens used and how they are deployed. Asking a test like ChatGPT a simple question is pretty dangerous. When the A.I. logo taken has declared, but the show number of tokens needed is too complicated A.I. agents too rivers, and that means the overall cost has ballooned.

In June, Walmart's chief technology officer said the company was limiting tokens per employee to control costs. "We're not going to be able to do so much to wait for a treat to continue. While that could potentially slow recoveries, it also pooled employees to consider other ways to approach a task, actual costs and the future of America's phishing an experienced colleague. Old school, FTN

A.I. has a new idea which is that expensive A.I. tech — often what are called

OPEN WEIGHT WORKS: There A.I. models a specialty of the new tech companies, are publicly accessible and transparent (think "special inspection") to record "weight" refers to the way the model was used. The A.I. models tend to be significantly less expensive than an

called closed models; like those produced by OpenAI, technique and most leading U.S. companies, and are often favored by tech start-ups with limited budgets.

Closed models are easier to use but cost more and feel like proprietary black boxes. I might like my A.I. model's response, but I have no idea how it generated that answer. The big worry is that workers will switch from American A.I. companies to open Chinese models.

China, like the United States, sees A.I. as a way to support economic growth through better productivity in less made A.I. development a national priority, with an emphasis on open models and A.I. applications such as robots. In such a list, A.I. underscores hosted in Shanghai and attended by President Xi Jinping and representatives from donors of countries to an end a new open A.I. model — from K3.

In the last week of July, the five main users A.I.'s limited by Open Source Bootes, a company that helps users switch between different models, were Chinese, representing 10 percent of all token usage that won. U.S. companies barely registered on the market board.

Clearly gains are manageable for U.S. companies, so far, since spending on open models is a small fraction of what closed models companies receive. But top U.S. executives and Wall Street analysts worry the shift could go further, which would hurt future revenue and sky-high stock market reductions.

Washington is asking an additional question: What are the geopolitical and security risks if China's A.I. keeps improving and taken market share away from U.S. companies? The country and its capabilities will be front and center for A.I. policy this September, when President Trump and President Xi are set to meet to govern. The summit is likely to track not just on the two countries' approaches to A.I. but also more gradually on the costs of key A.I. inputs — what's often referred to as —.

CONTENTS

Once a verb, now a noun, it refers to the computational power needed to train and run A.I. and the hardware that uses the A.I. models to work. Think semismatched chips, power and data centers. Despite record spending that has weakened the balance sheets of A.I. companies, they seem to come pure to understand. This includes a steady access to critical minerals used to make chips, which today are largely prevented in China.

These constraints, coupled with strong public policy, have pushed up costs for A.I. companies. Apple's chief executive, Tim Cook, during a quarterly earnings call in July, described recent input price increases as a "200-year flood" that is pushing the company to raise prices this year.

Generating more complex requires huge investment and a test on A.I.'s success. To put together all the jargon is one place along recently. Because from users deploying A.I. agents to new way to pay for company, the first costs of token usage, along with the existence of inexpensive open-weight alternatives, suggest there may be better solutions for a new policy. That's the giants can make. And that is a central romanticized day will help determine the future of U.S. and global financial markets — and your savings.

REBELIA PATTERSON is an economist and senior fellow of the Council on Foreign Relations. He has had senior positions at 35th(ppl) China and Bridgewater Associates. He is in their UFS pull out "The Spillover".

My hometown went up in flames. I won't be the last.

Timothy Egan

As a boy, I found myself in thick film lessons after my family moved to a new tract house amid a penthouse and forest in Spokane, Wash. During the summer, we free-coupled out from our street, Indian Trail Road, swimming in an idle river and building two forty from plywood leftovers at the suburban frontier.

Earther not, an camping trip in nearby national forests, we came upon chaired tree heats from an inferno of legend and epic forestry — the Big Burs of 2020. It rumped an area about the size of Cannon's top, more than all three million acres, in a weekend, and still stands as the biggest wildfire in American history.

The blaze of 1919 spored Spokane, the largest city between Minneapolis and Seattle. But the first of 2020 did not. I watched, heartbroken and sleepless, from a smoke-shaked vacation interval to matters Washington as an old boyhood strangely graced left to spline of wind-driven flame last week.

Indian Trail Road was at the heart of a "war zone," in the world as National Guard general. Over 60,000 people, equal to one-fourth of the city's population, were forced to evacuate. Mayor Lisa Brown called the Spokane Condim firm the "worst natural disaster" in the region's civic history.

Nature on a rugs was the main cul-de-sac. But an array of thousands, and conditions exacerbated by a global climate crisis were so conspicuous in the collapse of this formerly sylvan setting.

In an instant, a fair August Saturday was conditions into adrenal-narged paws. Friends and family members, but an intern and family caught the roofs were in a yard, bedroom-ramled into fuel. They faced a great phase of smoke, the pejorating first-region, the smell of burned plums. One of my childhood pets refused to go. He clambered atop his house, trying to set up a sprinkler to save his hands. The dipped and left, fracturing leaves in three places. Shaddles, if not thousands, of people had their homes, but miraculously no fatalities have been reported. The danger has yet to pass, as a new round of high winds and warm temperatures has left families in minimalist shelters wondering if their neighborhoods will make it through the coming days.

In a summer when France, Greece and Spain are leaving, when southern England just recorded in direct search since records began almost 100 years ago, when New York and Chicago plagued an innate from the faraway north, when the two largest reservoirs in the United States ran the Colorado River, traversed into a 1,000-acre ocean low water level. It may seem provincial to feed on a fire in your hometown. All the lessons — none of them hooked, others ignored in the way or through territorial history — from the Big Burs and this year's tragedy are universal.

No one alive had ever seen anything like the flames that turned through parts of Washington, Idaho and Montana that Saturday night of August 2010. And no one had any idea how to

contain them. For many people filling the new towns of the American West, few was the last great loss. Wolves and grizzly bears had been nearly staged out. Walter Americans were forced onto reservations, their populations crushed by disease and war. All that remained was free.

Channeling a nation finding its mid-adolescent invulnerability, Ubbel of Paschei, the brilliant father of the Farest Service, made a profitless par before the woods blew up. "Today," he stated, "we understand that forest fires are wholly within the control of men." He was asking for it.

Assembling an array of immigrants, convicts, loggers and Black troops.

I watched, heartbroken and sleepless, as my boyhood strangely graced was subsumed by fire.

America's Buffalo Soldiers, the fledgling Forest Serviced, for the first time, to attack a major wildfire. It failed seasonally. Some years later, the Forest Service adopted the 10 a.m. policy. Any wildfire spotted was so be snuffed by mid-morning the next day. It suppressed many blazes, but just nature out of whack, allowing a huge fuel load of trees and brush to build up. Later in the 20th century, most harvesters recognized that fire had a place. But they have since been stunned by how big, how early, how fast, long and destructive the wildfires of the past 10 years have been. A new normal is catarrh, a place where people live, any month of the year, from Florida to Alaska.

The term of unpauled coexistence in the West was "wildland-urban interiors" In other words, we moved by the millions into the forests, the grass lands, the wilderness itself, and nature

did what it always does. People throughout the region were told to clear safety buffers in the forest and trees around their houses. For under metal rods, and output in fire on any given location day. That was the price. "I'd always do it," I said, that in the state a modern urban layout of right, hard-surface grids and adequate fire-departments would keep every one side.

As I said, we felt no loss. Those yet, two vital tests and women parlaying, from low-flying glaces into the nose of an kitchen, are known, were dropped into neighboring public forests. Fire would never touch us.

The Spokane State, like the South-era California savanties that took down thousands of homes around Los Angeles in January of 2025, is forcing us to refrain the nature of the beast. Three major fires, one of them probably caused by an airwash, were through black after black, cut-de-sac after cut-de-sac, as if the harbour land had never touched the landscape.

As People learned and lamented late in life, people can shape nature, but we cannot control it. If only President Trump had an author of the branding decision's insight, He blamed that someone's fawn in Canada's vast and largely unpopulared herbal forests — the cause of bad air in many Americans often — on poor management. Here's some negligible denial and willful ignorance over common sense, suggesting that "caking" forest flares in the West would prevent disasters.

Biding? In Spokane, some of the most outsourced landscapes anywhere in suburbs or in most refined, did not stand a chance against flames that jampack a river and marmed into hach-yards. In Washington, the foreigners State, a thought emergency was declared in April. Drivers by extreme heat and calcified land, fires have

already consumed more than five million acres nationwide in 2030, and above the yearly average for this time of year. And the Pacific Northwest knows for packs tapped by million-mean-old planners, doing great forests and clean mountain air — but here he harder than any other region in the country.

Canada, nearly every year of the last letter than the one before, and these changes make wildfires worse. Extreme笑ness have more than doubled in frequency and intensity this century. I feel that to say "bid" because that sounds like crystal narrows.

We are not powerless. "We shape our buildings," said Chantakil, "I know after they shape us." We need racing and building codes for a better, draw world, which many often have already got in place. For those who have a 50- to 60- to 70- to 80- to 90- to 100- to 110- to 120- to 130- to 140- to 150- to 160- to 170- to 180- to 190- to 200- to 210- to 220- to 230- to 240- to 250- to 260- to 270- to 280- to 290- to 300- to 310- to 320- to 330- to 340- to 350- to 360- to 370- to 380- to 390- to 400- to 410- to 420- to 430- to 440- to 450- to 460- to 470- to 480- to 490- to 500- to 510- to 520- to 530- to 540- to 550- to 560- to 570- to 580- to 590- to 600- to 610- to 620- to 630- to 640- to 650- to 660- to 670- to 680- to 690- to 700- to 710- to 720- to 730- to 740- to 750- to 760- to 770- to 780- to 790- to 800- to 810- to 820- to 830- to 840- to 850- to 860- to 870- to 880- to 890- to 900- to 910- to 920-

As a finding so intense caused in some change tells us that while most Americans believe it is happening, only about half think it will significantly threaten their way of life. It's too often an academic debate, or a shocking, match between possible, or met with a string. The essential site of my old neighborhood, the blackened playgrounds, the chimneys standing alone in the graveyards of homes that hold their generations of memories, colors and embers falling like more in life degree has all the something more personal. Low. And grief. And a sense of urgency.

TWEETY RIMS is the author of "A FO change in Norway: From Canterbury to Rome in Search of a Profit," among other books, and a winner of the National Book Award for)^{[1]}.

His folly won't stop at the 'Arcle Trump'

GOLDBERGER: FROM PACT, year-to-New York, Section 2B reviews here here's part of the process that has led to the saving of the T.W.A. terminal at Kennedy International Airport as well as the consensus of a portion of city's total population size the Meyotham Train Hall.

The proposed changes to Section 2B were issued by the Admiral Council on Illiteracy Preparedness. This is an initiative of our government's secure organizations that has been filled with Trump appointees who have no sympathy for the subject on which they are expected to pass judgment. While the proposed changes do not include the eliminate Section 2B, they irreverate it.

If this new policy is enacted, it would extend the automatic decision-making of Trump's Washington State on historic buildings and sites anywhere in the country. It is more natural for the government to be able to use the nation's 200th birthday by embarking on what lives it enjoy, the third-morning of the National Assembly of the United States. Preservation, has called "an unprecedented and deliberate attack on our civic and cultural alternatives."

The Trump administration's revised version of Section 2B is a "new" version of the public are essential to informed Federal decision making with a statement that says the government will have "workforce discretion to determine the current state of the participation" — in effect saying that

federal agencies can do as they please. The Commission on Free Arts, the National Park Service and the National Capital Planning Commission received tens of thousands of public comments on the balloons and the fire acts, almost all of which were negative, contentions approved both projects anyway.

We're proposed changes also state that Section 2B applies only to sites that contain actual buildings and other structures, eliminating any obligation to take public input into account. We know where natural landscapes, including the sacred lands of Native Americans, are potentially compromised. A clause requiring that Section 2B reviews begin at an early stage of action has been eliminated, making it all but impossible to suggest that a project's site be shifted to present something historic. The fair for defining the negative impact of a project's mission is a higher. Our potential new clause says that federal personnel no longer need to visit threatened sites; another clause states that any personnel mitigation of negative impact must be "technically and economically feasible" In other words, all the government has to say is, not's, we've decided it will be too expensive to run that new highway through a route that will protect a cherished natural voice. Or that it just doesn't want to be both—not.

Over the past year, we have seen the effects of Mr. Trump's attitudes about

urban planning and historic preservation. The proposed acts will destroy the train connecting Lincoln to the Civil War that, a space that far more than a thousand years has been kept on one of the capitals' most subtle acts of nonmonetary history. There is also the wreck that has been made of the Refecting Point in front of the Lincoln Monument and theกรone street that have been painted in gold, using basic stains from the National Park Service budget.

And let's not forget Mr. Trump's assistance in gathering the play people Eisenhower Executive Office Building

a stark white to have it "match" the White House. The building is arguably the greatest work of architecture of the Second Empire style left in the United States, but when the manned roofs and columns and terraces are all bright and white look cheap, and worse, it will be definitely ruined. Greatest is set person, so it does not hold past. I doubt that you can find a single painted Second Empire building in Paris, and for good reason, Does anyone think the Paris Opera would look better with a coat of white paint?

Mr. Trump's disregard for historic preservation goes back in front to be in his emerging on a process to donate (rather than destroy) the Art Deco has which on the facade of Recent American history worked down in the Trump Town: the got away with that. The U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit ruled last Friday that he should have gotten unopposed approval for the White House balloons, likely leaving it up to the Supreme Court.

The Trump administration isn't costly in making its proposed changes to Section 2B. It will take a wrecking ball to the historic preservation movement in the United States. And its efforts to secure access the country for generations.

PALL MALL BREWER is a former architecture critic for The Times and The New Yorker and the author of "Why Architecture Matters."

REVIEW: Robert M. Green, Beijing: European Union. Frankfurt: Gallagher, Hong Kong; Greenwald, Hanson; Hathaway, Abdul-Lamour; Lasker, London; Medall, Milan; Nagoya, Japan; Perera, Spain; Sauer, Tel Aviv, Tokyo.

REVIEW: John T. Tisdale, New York: The New York Times. New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New York Times; New York: The New

---

TUESDAY, AUGUST 11, 2026 | 11

TECH

Is do-it-yourself A.I. music legal?

New tools could transform how we make songs but copyright concerns are real

BY KEN SHAIKO

It may be the most promising new technology in music since the rise of streaming, with the potential to revolutionize how songs are made, listened to and presented.

But there are also various questions to consider. What about protecting artists and their copyrights? Will the systems end up overloading so with generic step?

Welcome to the world of music A.I., which offers dazzling possibilities for creating songs and connecting artists with fans — but has also been rolling the music industry, as artificial intelligence companies try to figure out how to build and use the technology legally and profitably, while artists and record companies seek to protect their own rights.

Here are some basic questions and concerns as the music industry ventures into a new era of authorized possibilities and legal complications:

Can I use A.I. to make music?

Sami can. Complete services can enter a few simple prompts to create brand-new songs on demand: a country-style birthday track for grandpa, for example, or a background tune for a slide show.

What's the first step?

For the simplest demonstrations, pull up Sami or Udo, two of the leading start-ups in the field, of Uytis 5, a Google product, and enter some musical terms.

The more specific your prompts, the more interesting the results. I asked Sami for a summer song with lyrics about including margaritas.

Within a minute or two, a generated "Margaritas in the Sand," an EDM hanger with a dangling chant. Though rhymes like "party with the hand" and "put me in my hand" suggest the technology is not yet any threat to Bob Dylan.

Then I remind it, asking for an orchestral version and a public variant. These are examples of "generative A.I.," in which the systems creates a complete song and of whole digital cloth. (How the systems gained the ability to generate such tracks can be a momentum issue. See below.)

Are musicians and songwriters using A.I. too?

Yes, musicians in the studio today frequently use various machine-learning tools for help in devising out a base line or even choosing instrumental sounds.

One system called Tainber uses what it calls "even intelligent" to find or break sounds based on an artist's gestures or verbal cues, including abstract rules — a systematic and sounds the way cherishin tastes, or use example.

An able assistant for someone working alone to craft something without creating a whole band — a perhaps, without putting in years of practice.

What if I want to use A.I. to play around with a favorite song?

Fans may start on with to go in Spotify or other platforms to create artists' official tracks. Before cut the verse you never like, the line may you prexy know it needed. Perhaps even get a nod from the artist herself.

That sounds cool, but legally complicated. Is it?

Indeed. Artists may agree more day to let their work be played around with because it would open up new revision streams and aromas for audience engagement — or simply to get an edge on the latest high-tech format. But if I set a simple structure, allowing your song to be released by someone who doesn't share your values, or to suit the needs of a political candidate, could the operating in artists even if they are getting paid.

How does copyright law figure in here?

Are you sure you want to know? Much of what is considered legal — or not — when it comes to A.I. and

music is being rigorously contested in several lawsuits. Have A.I. companies, for example, violated musicians' rights by "training" (or teaching) their systems using copyrighted music.

Legal issues may also arise when something created by A.I. initiates the individual styles or voices of specific artists. That may implicate copyrights and what are known as rights of publicity, which protect an individual's name, image and likeness from unauthorized commercial use.

When I asked Sami for a "1970s folk-rock ballad in Neil Young style," a message popped up saying, "We don't reference artists directly, so we've replaced your prompt with similar styles you might like." The resulting tune sounded a bit generic to my ears.

What if artists give their thumbs-up?

The latest deals will test what fans do when artists give their permission to place their music in the A.I. sandbox. Warner Music, for example, whose catalog includes songs by stars like Madonna, Bossa Mars and, yes, Neil Young, struck a deal with Sami that will allow the service to use specific artists' music if they opt in. Because "Madonna-style birthday song for my wife" may be much more interesting than "We synth-jing song." Just who has, or will, opt in remains unclear.

What can I do with my A.I. creation?

The industry is still revealing over whether or allow users to download their A.I.-generated track and upload it anywhere, or restrict it to the "walled

gardens" of the programs that generated them.

Isn't the world of A.I. music full of scams?

There are plenty of legitimate uses of A.I. by real musicians and curious amateurs, but yes, scams and fraud are a problem.

Denim, a French streaming service, recently said that about 99,000 A.I.-generated tracks are uploaded to its platform every day — most of them, low-quality step that no one listens to.

Of the relative few that got clicks, Denver says, as many as 50 percent are fraudulent. The customer's playbook, create A.I. songs, then unleash artists of beta to click on them to generate royalties.

Under the financial pools used in streaming, the online platforms pay proportionless fees to the companies that provide content, meaning everything paid to league creators reduces what's left for real artists.

Catching these fraudulent is a constant game of cat and mouse.

Recently, music industry groups, including the Granteins, have called for a labeling system to identify music that was made with generative A.I.

What do artists think?

They are not unanimous. Some, like the star producer Timbaland and the performer Gritsen, have welcomed the technology and signaled their willingness to experiment.

Timbaland recently introduced a virtual artist named Tofu Nishimi, whose vocals on the song "Glitch's False" were partly generated by A.I. software, though humans created 90 to 65 percent of the song. Timbaland said in an interview with The New York Times.

But many more have raised strong concerns that generative A.I. in music will undermine the work of human beings and dilute their share of streaming royalties. Two years ago, more than 200 major acts, among them Billie Eilish, Nandi Ames and Steve Wosden, signed an open letter from the Artists Rights Alliance, calling the "unchecked" use of A.I. on "consult on human creativity."

Does A.I. threaten musicians' livelihood?

To be determined. But some industry organizations have warned if big potential losses for songwriters, studio personnel and other industry law-scenes workers.

A.I. may also pose a particular threat to genres of music that do not rely on the personalities of specific performers, like soundtracks and background sound music — both lucrative careers of the business.

Surely there are more legal complications?

But of course. This is the music industry and new technology, plus all.

A major issue depends whether the A.I. companies taught their systems how to make music by using the labels copyrighted content — and, if so, whether they needed permission to do so.

In 2024, the major record labels read Sami and Udo over this, and the companies responded by saying they were protected by the legal principle of "fair use," which allows unlicensed use of copyrighted material in limited circumstances.

Google does not keep used by a group of independent musicians over Lyria 2, offered another defense: that by uploading their music to the label and agreeing to the site's terms of service, they gave Google that permission. That case is pending.

Does anyone really want to listen to A.I. music?

That may be the biggest question of all. For most people, the connection to a real, human artist is perhaps the most vital aspect of the law. We have not only the song, but an artist's story — their background, their force, their ups and downs of life. Can computer-generated music ever replace that?

So far, the Taylor Smiths and Beyrouths of the world were safe. The law is "certain" that have made waves, in general the country and M&S have been corruption. But time will tell, and the technology is evolving quickly.

The best ways to use Apple's more capable® Siri

TECH FOI

Personal assistant given A.I. infusion in litmus test for techs adoption

BY BRIAN S. CHEN

For the last 15 years, talking to Siri, Apple's virtual assistant on iPhones, felt profoundly secure. Though it performed a few basic tasks, like adding calendar appointments and writing timers, Siri was no outspur that asking it for help was often counterproductive.

So when Apple announced to June that a "profoundly more capable® Siri powered by Google's artificial intelligence model active this year, I wondered: 'Will we finally use people talking to Siri on the train, on the streets, in the office?'

That's an important question because numerous adoption of the new version of the Apple assistant, Siri AI, could be a litmus test for A.I.'s effort on consumer technology in the coming years.

The people most bullied about A.I., including tech executives like Sam Altman of OpenAI and Katyy Nadella of Microsoft, before it will become more expensive than operating systems and apps.

They envision a future in which people will talk to these A.I. assistants to control their devices. In theory, the

company with the most popular "agent" (wider-paid for assistance) could win the A.I. case that drives the future of computing.

A more moderate view — the approach that Apple is taking with Siri AI — is that students could simply be another tool in an operating system, like many other features and apps, that people can decide to use or simply ignore.

To get to know the new Siri, I installed an early version of Apple's next operating system, iOS 27, which includes Siri AI, on my iPhones and provided the Apple assistant with requests for about six weeks.

We early experiences were that Siri AI is a big improvement from the old-school Apple assistant (frankly, that's a test bar), but it hasn't been mentally changed for way! use the iPhone 1 still mostly scroll through apps and only occasionally feel it pleased to ask Siri for help. Siri AI does, however, have some near tricks that lots of people will enjoy for spending up without tasks, like editing photos, creating grocery lists and updating address books.

Here's what you need to know about what has changed, and a set of prompts to try when Siri AI becomes widely available this year.

MEET THE NEW SIR AI

You can chat with Siri's in various ways, some new and some old:

• You can open a new Siri app and type or dictate prompts, similar to how you would use other A.I. chatbots such as

ChatGPT, Gemini and Claude. - You can someone the assistant by holding down the button on the right side of the phone or by saying, "Hey, Siri," followed by a question or request, just as in the past. - You can swipe down from the middle of the top of the screen to open a line that lets you type a search query or a question for Siri.

PROMPT is A PERSON, RELATED Siri AI can take action with your personal information. For example, it can scan your text messages to find out when a relative's airplane lands or look up the time of a doctor appointment inside your email.

This example involves asking Siri to work with two apps — find a grocery item inside a text message from a

speaker and then add that item to a shopping list to the Reminders app. What did help ask me to get in the grocery store? Can you add it to my shopping list?

PROMPT is HELP WITH THIS

When you use the word "this," Siri will often react to whatever is currently on your screen, such as a website you're browsing or a photo you are looking at. For example, when I was browsing the A3K website to buy tickets for "The Odyssey," I asked Siri to add the screening to my calendar with four simple words: Add this to calendar.

PROMPT is SIXT PHOTOS

Editing photos on a tiny phone screen on the table, so asking Siri is a quick shortcut. This prompt will probably be a go-to for many who want to remove strangers from otherwise perfect location. I probably measure the photo number from this photo.

PROMPT is FIND A PHOTO

Our photo albums get blamed with a few other images, so it can be hard to find that a specific photo to show to a friend. Just give Siri a description of the photo you're looking for, and it will surface a few candidates. For example: Find that photo of my daughter eating ice cream.

PROMPT is FIND A MECHANIC

Siri AI can also pull information from the web to answer your questions. Try asking for help with finding a place to eat, and then layer on follow-

up questions to narrow down the reader. Are there any good pizza places within a leading stadium? Which use is open latest tonight?

WHAT TO GET IT

Apple customers, including owners of iPhones, iPets, iRear and the Apple Watch, can not the new Siri as their devices by installing public focus — early, unfinished versions of the operating systems — and then joining a waiting list for Siri AI access.

However, because these are early days, Siri AI is occasionally glitchy. (For use, it failed to translate a Chinese restaurant.

Siri AI has

some next

tricks that

lots of people

will enjoy.

You are looking for

someone looking for a new, interesting

system to fully

reduce this fall

and that's not the

assistant.

During my testing, however, I no-

ticed a clear sign that Siri was on a

biggest path. What drove me fairly

high for your version of my new flat

whatever I asked it to add "Go to

give" to my calendar, the assistant

would consider it add "Go to Jim" as

a calendar appointment, no matter

how many more I can.

When I made that request with Siri

AI last month, the assistant to

prescribe that "all you say go to

give or go to Jim".

"The former," I replied. The assistant

made the appropriate entry to my

calendar, but perfect, but better.

---

12 | TUESDAY, AUGUST 11, 2026

Sports

The N.F.L. learns to love running backs again

Analysis

BY SAAD YOUSUF

THE ATLANTA

Over the past decade, assessing the financial value of running backs in the National Football League has been a perplexing exercise. Trends in contracts for running backs have been a roller coaster, and Major Robinson's and Johnny Gibbs's record-writing extensions last week are two more high points.

Last Tuesday, the Atlanta Falcons made Robinson the highest-paid running back in N.F.L. history, with a base value worth $22.25 million per year and the extension including $35 million in guaranteed money. His status did not last long.

On Friday, the Detroit Lions would that when they made Gibbs the highest-paid running back in N.F.L. history, giving him a three-year, $67.5 million contract extension, according to his agent, Todd Foster. Gibbs's base value is $22.5 million per year. He signed said, he will be under contract through 2026.

The 2022 off-season was an inflection point for the position. The Dallas Cowboys Honored Kankiri Elliott, who still had four years remaining on an extension he signed in 2009 after a lengthy holdout that lasted through training camp. In the time, Eliot's contract was the richest for a running back in N.F.L. history.

After releasing Elliott, Dallas placed the franchise tag on his backup, Tony Pollard, lacking him in for one season. During that 2023 off-season, the Las Vegas Raiders also placed the franchise tag on Josh Jacobs, who was coming off a training crown. The New York Giants had let Saigon Barkley play out his entire rookie contract before placing the franchise tag on him. In addition Taylor was hampered by an entire injury in 2022 with the Indianapolis Colts, but he had a dominant 2021 season, during which he led the N.F.L. in routing cards, routing touchdowns and routing first downs. Taylor wanted an extension draw before entering the final year of his rookie deal in 2025.

Pollard played the 2022 season in Dallas, then the Cowboys let him walk in free agency. Jacobs and the Raiders agreed to a one-year deal instead of the franchise tag; the 2022 season was not only by injury and the Raiders allowed him to walk in free agency. Barkley played the 2022 season on the franchise tag before the Giants let him walk in free agency, too.

Taylor and the Colts agreed to an extension in early October that year after the running back held out of the

first four games of the season. Taylor's extension averaged $10 million per season, falling short of counting the market at the position. Taylor's three-year extension was not only below the $10 million average annual value of Christian McCaffrey's contract with the Carolina Panthers in 2020 – it was also below the value of Elliott's 2009 deal with the Cowboys, which carried an average annual value of $10 million.

During the 2023 off-season, active running backs around the league got together on a video call to discuss the bear market for their position.

"The biggest thing is that we're the only position that our production hurts so the most," running back Nick Chubb said at the time. "If we go out there and run for 2,000 yards with so many carries, the next year they're going to say you're probably worn down. That's

the biggest thing that I took from it. It's tough. It hurts us just to go out there and do good. It hurts us at the end of the day."

According to Sputras, there were at least eight running backs who are counted for 4 percent of their team's salary cap in terms of average annual value from 2011 to 2013. In 2016, only five running backs met that threshold. Only seven hit that mark in 2025.

The Detroit Lions' Johnny Gibbs, left, has become the highest-paid running back in the history of the National Football League. His $67.5 million extension eclipsed the deal that the Atlanta Falcons' Major Robinson, above, had signed just days earlier.

But that number is set to jump back into double-digits this season for the first time since 2022. It includes a handful of feature backs who signed extensions this off-season. Decees Hall with the New York Jets, De'Van Ackaan with the Atlanta Dolphins, and the West Side Linen and Robinson with the Falcons. The figure also includes a tag free-agency signing (Altman's Walker with the Kansas City Chiefs) and a tag deal paid (McCaffrey's 2009 deal with the Arizona Cardinals).

While 2023 escalated tensions for running backs looking for contracts, the value for the position most significantly decreased through the 2030s.

In 10 days just before the 2010 season, the Tennessee Titans signed Chris Johnson to an extension that had an average annual value of $12.5 million. The Minnesota Vikings responded a few days later by giving Adrian Petersen an extension that had an A.A.Y. of $10 million.

It took nearly seven years before the market was reset, when the Los Angeles Raiders gave Todd Foster a contract that resulted by Petersen's average annual value at $14.375 million. Even though Gurley's contract indeed by Petersen's, salary cap content matters. In 2011, the N.F.L. salary cap was set at just over $220 million, while in 2010 it had started to over $277 million. Petersen accounted for 12 percent of his team's cap, while Gurley was just over 8 percent of his team's cap when he signed in 2016.

Between Petersen's 2011 deal and Gurley's 2010 deal, Le'Veau Bell also had a touchdown contract situation. After six in 2007 and 2010, the Pittsburgh Steelers placed the franchise tag on him in two consecutive seasons.

Bell held out the second time in 2010 and missed the entire season before signing with the Jets in the ensuing off-season.

Since entering the league in 2017, McCaffrey has done a lot of the heavy lifting for the running back market. In 2020, the 2018 million average annual value in his extension with the Panthers set a new mark for running backs. Four years later, he signed an extension with the San Francisco rhers that cut the $20 million in A.A.Y., coming his own record by a whopping $3

million. That stands at the biggest market reset at the position in N.F.L. history. McCaffrey's payday set up Barkley to push in with the Philadelphia Eagles last year, he got an extension that included $20.6 million in A.A.Y. Gibbs increased the number to $22.5 million last week.

Why running backs are seeing an increase in value in a more nuanced discussion.

As is evident with the current leaderboard of Gibbs, Robinson, Barkley and McCaffrey, the running backs who are getting paid are usually players who are versatile weapons in an offense, in the running game and the passing game. There is also something to be said about how defensive systems are evolving, as well as offensive systems that are able to get the most out of what a talented running back has to provide.

As history shows, the financial trends at the position can change quickly, the lot won, the across is posing up for running backs around the league.

The Mini Crossword

AORONA

1. "Magic" items for Jack, in a classic fiera tale
2. What the "K" stands for in A/V
3. Political ally who receives corrupt benefits
4. "Oh sir"
5. Gutsy puffs with "best"
6. Gutsy puffs with "best"
7. Perimetrious for a skin problem under a 5 whirl or fun strap
8. Cold metal cutaway
9. "... don't shap" (put shelter staged)
10. Highest number in sadistic
11. Biggest league legend

ANDREW TO PREVIOUS PLEECE

Print + digital, in one illuminating package.

Available in the Documentary Edition and print of right hand, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th, 16th, 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd, 24th, 25th, 26th, 27th, 28th, 29th, 30th, 31st, 32nd, 33rd, 34th, 35th, 36th, 37th, 38th, 39th, 40th, 41st, 42nd, 43rd, 44th, 45th, 46th, 47th, 48th, 49th, 50th, 51st, 52nd, 53rd, 54th, 55th, 56th, 57th, 58th, 59th, 60th, 61st, 62nd, 63rd, 64th, 65th, 66th, 67th, 68th, 69th, 70th, 71st, 72nd, 73rd, 74th, 75th, 76th, 77th, 78th, 79th, 80th, 81st, 82nd, 83rd, 84th, 85th, 86th, 87th, 88th, 89th, 90th, 91st, 92nd, 93rd, 94th, 95th, 96th, 97th, 98th, 99th, 100th

Two Not Touch

Put two stars in each row, column and region of the grid. No two stars may touch, not even diagonally.

Cryptogram

GC ZMXXC DAYV VAUV IYHTXHJXI DHSFPX ATYE H ZHJ.

HQQHJPTYSC AY DHITY IPY VAUV PTEMUV.

PLEECE BYBCHAND

TECHNICALS & BUSINESS: Sports, Inc.

KenKen

Fill the grid with digits so as not to repeat a digit in any row or column, and so that the digits within each heavily outlined box will produce the target number shown, by using addition, subtraction, multiplication or division, as indicated in the box. A 4-nd grid will use the digits 1-4. A 5-nd grid will use 1-6.

For more games: www.nytimes.com/games

Note: The tag dates are standard of length, 4-12, 3-6 and 4-7. All 4-6 and 5-6 are 10-12 and 10-12.

Crossword | Edited by Will Shortz

ACROSS

1 Popular tablets 2 Big name in food wholesale 3 "Evil full-screen" hits 4 Still in bad 5 Just peachy 6 By way of 7 Psychedelic rock band with the 2002 love "Nation Battles the Pink Robots, Pt. 1," with "the" 8 Sam... (Sweet character) 9 No rookie 10 Missions, in brief 11 Red danzyer of became Smart 12 Problem for a plumber 13 Liftgang 14 Against 15 German film composer who wrote "Confited Chaos" and "Time" 16 Things to be moved 17 Passage ceremonies 18 Word with rufle or mantle 19 Maroon video game brother 20 Good's blood 21 Scent

22 Hopp, areas with powers 23 In a cheery manner 24 Tender spide 25 Hip-hop group that wrote "C.H.J.A.M." and "Protect Ya Never" 26 Telling 27 "... or ..." (threat) 28 Opinion, informally 29 Adrenaline to rest 30 "Maja-Insain-bunny" 31 Big expert of Japanese 32 Agitated Dark V' Sliwmy 33 First Chinese government 34 A retaliant 35 A permanent standing race or a race in 1.7...80 and 47-Across 36 Portfolio portion 37 Peripheral 38 Original of the Maldives 39 "Traces, there" accommodation 40 Stash away 41 Frog for polar bears

DOWN

1 Goats 2 Opinion survey 3 Ever on slightly 4 Big 10 Chinese food 5 Sleepily topper 6 Droop 7 "This is probably worth half the doing if anyway" hearing 8 Go past 9 Flip over, as a result 10 Visibilis laments 11 The Soviet Union, to Reagan 12 Thailand, before 1999 13 Military wear, for short 14 Hope of a robot animal rescue project

15 Stately love 16 Um a comecupance, partisan 17 LPs and 40s 18 "I'll . . . ." 19 Island from the world's third-country country, after Vatican City and Monaco 20 People had complicated positions on it 21 Single House of One Direction 22 Patronian, as a hater 23 Duck down 24 Anger, healer of the W.N.B.A. wedge seeker record for offensive networks 25 Sling and Field 26 Newbysarters 27 Get too old 28 Pub dreis 29 ... a soul 30 Miss of "That '70s Show" 31 What toutes do 32 Find you can feel, maybe 33 "You're something" 34 Longtime Disney boss Bob 35 Cuba, por ejemplo 36 And other authors, Aldo 37 Jazz singer Sylvia 38 Controversy's call 39 "Sir" from Compton

ANSWER TO PREVIOUS PLEECE

Any of our games plus over 15,000 paid success for Words, Spelling, Box, The Crossword and more online at http://nytimes.com/games. For puzzle talk, visit http://nytimes.com/worship.

---

TUESDAY, AUGUST 11, 2026 | 13

Culture

The rich are different, from an early age

Television's 'Sterling Point' and 'The Shards' take the teen drama and add excess

BY JAMES PONZENZOIS

WHEN IT COMES TO STORIES of wealth, TV has lately held six stories of stories. It's given us the repurious billionaires of 'Sacrosions,' the film rich of 'The White Lotus,' the merely prosperous of 'The Five-Day Weekend.' But one genre was focused on materialism and its theatre teens long before the current trend: the teen song.

'Maybe because adolescents is a time of life attuned to social hierarchy, teen dramas — from 'Beverly Hills, WOW' through 'Euphoria' — are often more class-conscious, more aware of the repercussions of having and having sex, than their adult counterparts. This is certainly true of two new series, 'The Shards' and 'Sterling Point.'

The teenage victims of influence-puttering in F.Y.' The Shards' name of age when cash was used, at the beginning of the 1960s, is a reward. Los Angeles videos described in Google Organica's end up-to-its sinuses in cocaine. Their problems and conflicts are those of many TV teens — dating, jealousy, the hemorrhaging court obviate — but these are also heightened by a bloody complication, a social killer, who is cutting a bloody swath through the population of the young and fabulous.

'The Shards,' which premiered on FX and flute last week, is adapted from a 2023 novel by Bret Easton Ellis ("American Psycho"), who created the series with the ubiquitous Bican Murphy. Given their similar storytelling penchants — an interest in manor and society, a taste for lucid scenes — it's surprising they haven't worked together before.

But 'The Shards' does not appeal only to Murphy's splintery side, as shown, and in his recent franchise 'Miserite' and in his earlier home-care series 'Various Spaces,' Murphy is often at his best dealing with the American emotions of teens. His first series, 'Popular' (1989-2001), remains one of the most inventive and heavy takes on high school social thinking. And while 'Glee' (2008-15) was the definition of erratic, it could be affecting and psychologically acute.

Given the performance, you can bet that 'The Shards' is not the nostalgic 'Win of' Stranger Things.' It's raw, mean and cut-glass sharp, with a soundtrack of 2023, deals New Wave. Day guide is a young Bret Ellis (Iglic Rigany), an aspiring writer and the child of almost parents, who narrates his own story in a religious quest.

Bret is well-comnected, self-assured and a midwest fan of Jean Delion. He's right with the school royalty, Susan Reynolds (Kate Carbery) and 'Dunn Wright (Graham Campbell), and is dating Delion Schaffer (Sleyso Warner), a movie producer's daughter (Hough Beets Inc.), a score he has to guard each fully in the early Singles vers. That producer, 'Bret's 'The Shards' is a good producer, deserving, but he insists something essential about Bret.' You understand what she's doing.

Bret also carries two discussions. He is carefully fascinated by a string of students by 'The Trowler,' a killer so named for a goisty ritual among kids. And he is suspected of a change in the Robert Mallory (Rheon Gort), a costly, handsome magma who threatens Bret's social position and who Bret begins to suspect may be behind the murders himself.

We don't know how much we should trust Bret's students, or his narrators. But the state where 1993 as a lot about the kind of story he sees himself living on a

From far left, Bob Gerber, Iglic Rigany, Steve Warner, Robert Gort and Graham Campbell in the new series 'The Shards.' From far left below, hostile illustria and Ella Rubin in 'Sterling Point.'

sort of 'Great Gatsby' West, with himself as Nick Carraway. (The real-life Eli is rendered a version of that story in his debut novel, 'Love Than Zero,' which the first of 'The Shards' is writing and trying to get upfronted as a movie.)

The 'Gatsby' aspirations, like F Scott Fitzgerald himself, do not survive the move to Hollywood unscathed, sometimes 'The Shards' feels like a study of superficiality and sometimes like the thing itself.

Still, especially in the early going, it's an infant visit, Stories portrait of an adolescence kissed by privilege and stalked by death. Unlike many teen dramas, it doesn't posit any member of its core friend group on the moral center. (Here are lengthy high school thoughts, neither relatable nor trying to be. (One of their fun friend-giving activities is baking a secret visit on which of their number everyone believes is the parent.)

But they can surprise. Susan proves smarter and less shallow than genre conventions would dictate. And though you might assume the handsome jack Thom would be the haunted. Sue Bocheson figure, he turns out to be to age and lost, haunted by his father's abandonment, baffled and frustrated by the sex's nuptials and charisma.

This character study, however, gets thrown into a blunder with a grotty murder story, and as the nine-episode era was goes on, the pretenge and exaggerated elements start to dominate the two parties. The adult characters are carelessish (although Jordan feels too a Boone-like alien affairs as Terry's refusal, frustrated assistant). And the story, self-contained as Ellen's methods overestimated as it sets up for a multi-innent run.

All this money, measures and institutions: Are we meant to see it as a com-

ment on the carvaptian underlying sustained paradox? Is our view shaped by yet-to-be-revealed distortions in Bret's narrative? Is a limited run, these questions might have resolved to some kind of satisfaction. But as the masses really with 'The Shards' escalating its crust, gruesome turns, it's hard to imagine wanting to overstret another year at the same lunch table.

'Sterling Point,' whose first season is now Eve on Amazon Prime Video, also involves the teen-drama single of the multiple who shakes up a social circle. But it invests the structure of shows like 'The G.C.' and 'Beverly Hills, WOW,' which were about middle- or working-class-communists in an upper-cruce community. Here, the fun out of water is rich.

Annie (Ella Rubin), a smart, tightly sexual student, lives with her brother, Connor (Keen Ruffalo), and her adop-

tive widower father, Steven (Jay Dupless), is a flexibility sweetness that looks post-essayly in break Zillow. Her high-interesting life is disrupted by surprising news. Her estranged grandfather has died, leaving her and Connor the ownership of an island in Canada. She also comes across a town of letters from him, which allows cryptically to a family mystery that has been kept from her.

Unsettled by the revelation, and evidently staked by a tommature, like of credit, she jets up north to investigate her inheritance. She blurs a neoplasm, gilded by a young wisecracking local, Eliza (Jacob Willowback Leeder) — you do not need to have watched many teen shows for him to set off your potential two-natural director — and finds a charming rustic getaway, like Widen's Bay with an undead and fewer wrinkles.

Like predecessors including 'The G.C.'—'Sterling Point' is attuned to class dynamics without being simplistic.

In her grandfather's ramshackle cottage, she finds an occupant, Ramona (Justin Hinderle), with whom she shares a connection (questionably surprising, definitely ಪೂರle-above) to a manure, birthing at a find out what her family has been hiding from her. Annie tells in with a quirky group of local youths who work in the set-out business attending to the fancy summer people.

'Sterling Point' is another teen story about love and lies, but it is an allabie and charming as 'The Shards' is smelly and intimidating. It's created by Megan Park, who wrote and directed the movie 'My Old Ass' and acted in the anglics teen drama series 'The Secret Life of the American Stranger.' The producers of 'Sterling Point' include Jack Schwartz and Stephanie Savage of 'Gossip Girl'.

'Sterling Point' is all about secrets and revelations, and they pick up high

over the eight-episode first season. (Annie herself keeps secret the fact that she now owns Sterling Point and could go end her new female lives and individuals with her call to a non-conjugant.) But the twists don't really dominate the show, which instead thrives on character and performance.

Ruthie captures the protagonist's older daughter across. However, plays Ramona as a ball of anger with a valence like cory, and Ruffalo is adept at center, what Connor breaks the premise-stablishing news with a hearty 'Sap, pimps' (Greeley-Barr)?

The grown-up performers include a soulful Jeffrey Dean Morgan as a local lead-veiled proprietor with, you guessed it, a secret.

Like its brothers — you might pick up a dash of 'Gilmore Girls,' a snodgrass of 'Dareous' (Dick) — 'Sterling Point' is thankful of characters who are a little more pernicious than plausible but amazing enough that you don't mind. (No Brigason is another stardust as Oves, a gay British heartbreaker who takes Annie under her wing.)

As he wayward adolescents do, 'Sterling Point' gets by six shares, its last voice and character appeal carry a through the season's back ball, which at times tips over teen-going melodrama. But having a foundation of characters you want to spend time with not it up better as a continuing series. The teens are what makes you stick with a teen drama for the long haul, not the drama.

And like predecessors including 'The G.C.' (which Schwartz created), 'Sterling Point' is attuned to the class dynamics between its characters without being simplistic. The working-off details are allowed to be messy; the affluent summer people are allowed to be sympathetic, Annie and Ramona, after a rough start. End commonalities, but 'Sterling Point' is not naïve about the power and advantages that Annie's upbringing gave her.

The rich are indeed different, the show says. But mainly because they own the island.

A special couple draw Gen Z-ers back to theaters

The latest 'Spider-Man' and 'The Odyssey' have Tom Holland and Zendaya

BY MALLIA MEVOGI

'Spider-Man: Brand New Day' and 'The Odyssey' assembled Annaports style to power the biggest movie week-end ever for the U.S. last office. But beyond the dollar signs, do these films about an empty experience and a brooding Greek king have anything in contrast?

A 'Red, Tonsbury,' of course.

That performance of Tom Holland, 38, and Zendaya, 38, has been scrawled across the internet since they met during the coming for 'Spider-Man: Researching' (2017). A decade later, the contention for the couple, now married, has grown even stronger.

The actors and spouses believe have young audiences in 'Spider-Man: Brand New Day' which set a weekend best-office record for its domestic opening by making KHR million, and 'The Odyssey,' a series of two-wound airy, Bodywaves have surpassed $3 billion in global ticket sales.

It's another positive sign of post-pandemic best-office recovery, which contains

ers to be led by younger generations of theanegivers.

CALGOT IN A 'SPIDER-MAN' WEB 'Spider-Man: Brand New Day' is Holland and Zendaya's fourth Spider-Man film together, and their first since the 'Broad' (elegy) octopied in 2021.

That year, the co-wars, playing the superhero and his quick-willed love interest, 9G, went public with their relationship.

'Broad New Day,' a superhero movie guided more by sentiment than specials, deformed 'Avengers: Endgame' (EST million) for the largest domestic best-office fund on an opening weekend, not accounting for inflation.

According to Sony, which distributed the movie, young adults drove turnout 10 stater buyers, 41 percent were between the age of 11 and 14, while 40 percent were under 35. (Gen Z covers people have between 2007 and 2025, making them about 14 to 20 today.)

Greg Durbin, the founder of Exact Insight, an entertainment research firm, said in an email that the movie 'had forced audience appeal, with extra love from Gen Z.' Durbin previously told The New York Times that casting was a factor driving this generation's interest.

The movie's inclusion of Sadie Sink, 24, whose star rose on the Netflix series

'Stranger Things,' may also have increased the youth appeal.

EPIC TURNS IN 'THE OXYSEY' The director Christopher Nolan recruited Holland — evidently to the actor's surprise — to portray Selenathan,

the playful prince of Ithaca, in 'The Odyssey,' Nolan's take on the ancient Greek poem. Zendaya has been accustomed then Holland but is memorable as the goddess Athena, who is Odysseus spiritual guide on his year-long journey home from war.

opened to about $2M million at the domestic best office.

BUT WALT, THERE'S MORE

Zendaya is having a huge year after pursuing a woman whose impending wedding is shaken by a teenage secret in 'The Dracas' (24), the movie's product was similar to what he was usual that the film's raweezing-pleased young, with more than 40 percent of its audience under 35. (The film's first well as 'The Odyssey,' also stars Robert Patterson, who has declared himself a member of Gen Z despite being 40. In his words: 'It doesn't matter.'

As you, Patterson will remain with Zendaya in 'Dress: Part Three,' a continuing science fiction opera directed by Denis Villeneuve whose predecessor appeared in the season. It billion was aired.

'The Odyssey,' which also stars Matt Dutton and Anne McCarthy in the first season film to be shot entirely with IMAX cameras, driving claspable to travel across state and even international borders to see it in Nolan's preferred 70-millimeter format. The movie

Zendaya and Tom Holland in 'Spider-Man: Brand New Day' which sets a weekend best-office record. Young adults make age 14 down turnout.

The only 'Dress: Part Three,' a continuing science fiction opera directed by Denis Villeneuve whose predecessor appeared in the season. It billion was aired.

The next 'Dress' film could benefit by its release date: Dec. 24, when 'Avengers: Endgame,' 9G also be released, in 'Barberdresser' fashion, it's being called 'Drewnder.'

Holland's Spider-Man is not listed on the 'Drewnder' roster, but fans of the Marvel Cinematic Universe think he could make a surprise appearance or a camera in a post-croatia scene. It would be yet another opening-day barred for Tonsbury.

---

14 | TUESDAY, AUGUST 11, 2026

CULTURE

Grappling with war onstage and of

A Russian dancer's quiet return and a laying bare of the ripple effects of conflict added dissonance to the Venice Dance Biennale

CRITIC'S NOTEBOOK VENICE

BY LAURA CAPRELLE

The Biennale here can't seem to escape debates over Russia. The country's return to that art event, despite the war in Ukraine, set off outside of controversy this year. In July, the European Union weighed in on the dispute, withdrawing a multiyear grant to the Venice Biennale.

Now, one of Russia's most celebrated ballerinas has become part of the story. This month, the Dance Biennale, a sister event in the much bigger art Biennale, quietly welcomed Diana Vishneva, a star of Marilenko Ballet in St. Petersburg. The performances with WinoDance, a new company dedicated to dancers over age 40, were Vishneva's first time back on a Western stage since 2002, an absence connected to Russia's 2022 invasion of Ukraine.

On Aug. 1, as Vishneva took an unassuming love as part of WinoDance's ensemble, it was easy to forget what she represents. Ballet has long been one of Russia's most successful cultural experts, a source of international prestige and soft power. But since the full-scale invasion of Ukraine, much of the international dance world has sought to distance itself from Russia, severing ties with the country's state-funded companies and their performers. Just this year, Svetlana Zakharova, a star of the Bolzha Ballet in Moscow, had performances in Florence and Rome concerted.

Although Vishneva was also a principal dancer with American Ballet Theater from 2005 to 2017, and initially expressed opposition to the war, she has maintained connections to state institutions that have backed the invasion of Ukraine. The Marilenko Ballet is led by the conductor Valery Gorgiev, who is closely aligned with President

JOSHUA V. PETER

Vladimir V. Putin. Vishneva is also the founder and artistic director of Context, a St. Petersburg festival and platform sponsored by Gazprom, the state-owned energy giant. And she is enough of a national hero that in July, Putin wished her a happy 50th birthday via the Brenda website.

In Venice, her return was handled with a comparison lack of fanfare. Vishneva declined an interview request for this article, and a WinoDance spokesperson said she had been included in the international ensemble "in her individual capacity as an artist."

In answer to written questions, a Biennale spokesman said that the event "will never include anyone on the basis of geographic origin or nationality." — a departure from its stance just after the 2022 invasion, when the Biennale vowed to shun any action or delegation with ties to the Russian government.

Vishneva's presence threatened to overshadow the defeat of WinoDance, a

small company hoping to carve a niche in the ballet world. Co-founded by Slavia Tsitakis, a Russian-born entrepreneur and former dancer, and Marija Radomakov, a longtime principal with Stuttgart Ballet in Germany, WinoDance brings together dancers who want to continue their careers into their 40s and beyond, when most ballet performers have retired.

A spokesperson for the company WinoDance said Diana Vishneva had been included "in her individual capacity as an artist."

It's not a new concept. Nederlands Dans Theater I served as the "alder-sister to the Dutch company Nederlanda Dans Theater from 2005 to 2008, and in the field of contemporary dance, the Berlin-based DanserIn Ensemble has built lasting success since its inception in 2010. But what these companies had, and what WinoDance lacks at

JOSHUA V. PETER

this stage, is high-caliber productions. WinoDance's debut program, "Sciences," was loosely inspired by Venice itself. "Death to Venice," the unwieldy first half, is named after Thomas Manis's 1812 novella, though you would never know it from the choreography. Only a black-and-white film, by and with Javier de Frutos, explicitly drove on the story of Gustav van Aschersbach, the middle-aged writer who becomes obsessed with a teenage boy in Venice.

In between film sequences, four choreographers — Inter and Maros van Opens, Omar Román De Justo and Rainer Rohr — offered dance plantudes that never matched the performers' maturity. Vishneva appeared in a teenage 4-hole with a soft-dissolved man, played by Gil Roman, and his presumed mistress (Silvia Azzoni). Only the final score, by Rohr, reached on van Aschersbach's death, by turning him into a Christ-like figure surrounded by snararees in white. WinoDance's ensemble returned

after an intermission in "Bridge of Sight," a new work by the 47-year-old American choreographer John Neumann, a guest of 20th-century sensational dance. Its mood was non-judge. Radomakov's heydel character appeared to look back as past relationships in slow, deliberate tithiness.

While "Bridge of Sight" offered more coherent dramaturgy, the women of WinoDance were still ill-served. Nora Gahuzza and Igane de Jangé, thoroughly individual ballet stars, mostly blended into the background. Even Vishneva, with her considerable gifts, was much playing plaintive mother figures. For now, it's unclear what WinoDance wants to stand for — artistically or politically.

It's made for a dominant conclusion to this year's Dance Biennale. Under the direction of the British choreographer Wayne McGregor, the event has explicitly taken up questions of power and culmination. The 2026 Golden Lion, the festival's top prize, went to Bangarra Dance Theater, an Australian company

Clockwise from above: Gil Roman, Silvia Azzoni and Diana Vishneva in the first part of "Sciences," called "Death to Venice," Web-Red and Film-Photo in "What is War?" and Marija Radomakov and Vishneva in "Bridge of Sight," The Aug. 1 performance concluded this year's Venice Dance Biennale.

of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander performers, the Silver Lion was awarded to Werriza Vicentini, a Dutch African choreographer and activist who has examined social inequality in her work.

One production simply asked, "What is War?" is it, Was that of China and Elito Osako of Japan, both senior, experienced performers and drawing cupbers, dived into their countries' painful shared history. In a mix of spoken text, video and tethums. Tanztheater-style vignettes, that recalled the death of her grandmother during a Japanese bombing raid in 1941, Osako, meanwhile, remembered her father's short-lived days as a Japanese soldier and Japan's complex legacy as an approved country.

Early on, the two walked slowly toward each other from opposite sides of the stage. She finished her shirt-stiffly, while the final-looking Osako reached her back ground, as it hoping to touch her. As this simply walked past, she looked stunned and an-updated — suggesting that reshining with the ripple effects of conflict remained out of reach, even decades later.

"Once the war have anything to do with any person?" one of them asked in a video conversation early on. Their shared vulnerability — down to a painful scene in which they stripped and rode turns writing on each other's bodies with force — made the question seem current, too. As new wars unfold, how should art address them? The Venice Biennale has no clear answer.

The endless scroll

BOOK REVIEW

The Story of Your Life: How Social Media Shapes the Way We Experience Everything By Kathryn Jeste-Merton. 1/6/26. 27.12.26. $30.00

BY ALEXANDRA JACOBS

The email arrived after midnight, from an older friend whose intellect and literary taste I respect though.

"Why didn't you like my post of [women of his children and pets so dacted]?" he wrote in apparent sincerity. "I know you're sort of opposed to people putting kids on them, but I also know you've posted photos of [names of my children and pets collected] I just I like them..."

shooked — for him, for myself, for my children and pets, for society as large — I opened Instagram and delivered the digital videotape.

"Don't opened" "The Story of Your Life," by Kathryn Jeste-Merton, which helps explain how two jobs could end up in this terrible, time-wasting, thumb-swatting place.

Jeste-Merton writes throating a thoughtful newsletter in The Cut about family and its digital documents. She has a doctorate in sociology for which she researched mindfulnessers, the 21st

century's event in Tupperware party business.

"The Story of Your Life," her first book, has kind of a Tupperware aspect itself, sorting the dank story of social-media/behavior into separate container-chapters with titles like "Vacations" and "Politics," it's ended with a kiss of moment: the story of her life.

Jeste-Merton was raised on a com-cause in southern Vermont since called Total Loss Farm. Faded ventures there included a grain collection — the man's soil is generally too rocky for wheat — and commercial single-trap wing. Her first encounter with social media was a group journal written in a spiral swatches. "As a lot of ways, it was an analog Facebook," she writes. Friendster, Myspace and real Facebook followed.

All was sweet innocent has for a while. Then the algorithm came along and ruined everything, like a drifter in a German McCarthy novel.

Actually the trouble had started sooner, in the late 1980s, when the terrors "personal branding" ballooned in public discourse (as balloons, being Instagrammable, have since ballooned at parties) after a cover story in Part Company magazine.

Jeste-Merton writes that the college students: she teaches, digital natives: who grow up with smartphones and avatars, have trouble even understand-

ing "personal branding" as an isolated concept. "It's like asking them to do so—the particular characteristics of the air they've been breathing their whole lives," she writes.

Older academics like Jonathan Maidt and Sherry Turkle have published introducing best sellers about the deleterious effects of screens, leading to changes in policy and behavior, many schoolchildren are now forced to surrender smartphones at the door,

and adults have developed elaborate etiquette—thank restricting their use. In Jeste-Merton that turns back to the fears, galloping away with not only our attention spans but our sense of identity, both individual and collective. Her tone is less prescriptive than cowardly supportive.

"What if social media narratives enclose us in versions of life that can feel claustrophobic and unsatisfying?" she wonders. "What if these narratives

Kathryn Jeste-Merton makes how sharing somites photographs, takes in class like Yellowstone National Park, has become central to the travel experience.

have undermined our sense of ease and belonging." What if these narratives — many of which appear perfectly lucrative — are linked to some of the biggest challenges we face around social justice and equity, our ability to affirm our faith' identities, and the mental health of adults and children after?"

If I may quote Charlie Brown and his cohort: "Laughs"

Jeste-Merton tipuses, by my lights, a little tentatively into the field, interviewing a fashion influencer in Scottsdale, Ariz., who color coordinates her family beach trips shot by professional photographers. She drops into a bigger scene. A channel whats the service is choreographed and food prepared, including a hamburger coated in gold and, to minimize digital engagement. She investigates city phone; increaseingly over-the-top Nigerian wedding culture and talks in a practitioner of "nurture living" with 200,000 fellow car — "It call her Carolyn" — in Texas.

Bead-cross-thought, she gives the majority of her subjects pseudonyms "for privacy reasons," How is it that

people so out there rather are spanked by the old-fashioned technology of appearing between-covers?

But what "The Story of Your Life" lacks in repertoire! Not only, it makes up in intellectual generosity. Jeste-Merton regards online habits as part of a humanistic continuum that includes: picture postcards, scrapbooking and epic poetry; if it drives hear stories of the "follyman" of the story too much, what about motorciting and reciting the entire clothing?; film gracefully invokes Urrutia Lecluse's "carrier bag" theory of fiction and Nathaniel Borefbert's music at Niagara Falls.

Her book rationalizes our new stories; and online community enactments alongside soft rituals like the altruism, when newlyweds were dragged from their beds by neighbors, and the manual, a.k.a. singing to trees in the water, which Jeste-Merton makes the story less family every year. Most notably, Jeste-Merton offers long, beautiful passages on antitrus fever, one of the shady famous emotions that social media — with in-bright performance hits, its "nurturvy" and its insistence on redemption — fails to capture.

Her book is hopeful and unavoiding. It will make you think I was about putting in the extra work on vacation to show your Clare Friends just how happy and relaxed you are.

---

TUESDAY, AUGUST 11, 2026

15

TRAVEL

For the 1914 Helsinki's 1946–1950s, the 1947–1950s, the 1951–1955s, the 1956–1960s, the 1961–1965s, the 1966–1970s, the 1971–1975s, the 1976–1980s, the 1981–1985s, the 1986–1990s, the 1991–1995s, the 1996–2000s, the 2001–2005s, the 2006–2010s, the 2011–2015s, the 2016–2020s, the 2021–2025s, the 2026–2030s, the 2031–2035s, the 2036–2040s, the 2041–2045s, the 2046–2050s, the 2051–2055s, the 2056–2060s, the 2061–2065s, the 2066–2070s, the 2071–2075s, the 2076–2080s, the 2081–2085s, the 2086–2090s, the 2091–2095s, the 2096–2100s, the 2101–2105s, the 2106–2110s, the 2111–2115s, the 2116–2120s, the 2121–2125s, the 2126–2130s, the 2131–2135s, the 2136–2140s, the 2141–2145s, the 2146–2150s, the 2151–2155s, the 2156–2160s, the 2161–2165s, the 2166–2170s, the 2171–2175s, the 2176–2180s, the 2181–2185s, the 2186–2190s, the 2191–2195s, the 2196–2200s, the 2201–2205s, the 2206–2210s, the 2211–2215s, the 2216–2220s, the 2221–2225s, the 2226–2230s, the 2231–2235s, the 2236–2240s, the 2241–2245s, the 2246–2250s, the 2251–2255s, the 2256–2260s, the 2261–2265s, the 2266–2270s, the 2271–2275s, the 2276–2280s, the 2281–2285s, the 2286–2290s, the 2291–2295s, the 2296–2300s, the 2301–2305s, the 2306–2310s, the 2311–2315s, the 2316–2320s, the 2321–2325s, the 2326–2330s, the 2331–2335s, the 2336–2340s, the 2341–2345s, the 2346–2350s, the 2351–2355s, the 2356–2360s, the 2361–2365s, the 2366–2370s, the 2371–2375s, the 2376–2380s, the 2381–2385s, the 2386–2390s, the 2391–2395s, the 2396–2400s, the 2401–2405s, the 2406–2410s, the 2411–2415s, the 2416–2420s, the 2421–2425s, the 2426–2430s, the 2431–2435s, the 2436–2440s, the 2441–2445s, the 2446–2450s, the 2451–2455s, the 2456–2460s, the 2461–2465s, the 2466–2470s, the 2471–2475s, the 2476–2480s, the 2481–2485s, the 2486–2490s, the 2491–2495s, the 2496–2500s, the 2501–2505s, the 2506–2510s, the 2511–2515s, the 2516–2520s, the 2521–2525s, the 2526–2530s, the 2531–2535s, the 2536–2540s, the 2541–2545s, the 2546–2550s, the 2551–2555s, the 2556–2560s, the 2561–2565s, the 2566–2570s, the 2571–2575s, the 2576–2580s, the 2581–2585s, the 2586–2590s, the 2591–2595s, the 2596–2600s, the 2601–2605s, the 2606–2610s, the 2611–2615s, the 2616–2620s, the 2621–2625s, the 2626–2630s, the 2631–2635s, the 2636–2640s, the 2641–2645s, the 2646–2650s, the 2651–2655s, the 2656–2660s, the 2661–2665s, the 2666–2670s, the 2671–2675s, the 2676–2680s, the 2681–2685s, the 2686–2690s, the 2691–2695s, the 2696–2700s, the 2701–2705s, the 2706–2710s, the 2711–2715s, the 2716–2720s, the 2721–2725s, the 2726–2730s, the 2731–2735s, the 2736–2740s, the 2741–2745s, the 2746–2750s, the 2751–2755s, the 2756–2760s, the 2761–2765s, the 2766–2770s, the 2771–2775s, the 2776–2780s, the 2781–2785s, the 2786–2790s, the 2791–2795s, the 2796–2800s, the 2801–2805s, the 2806–2810s, the 2811–2815s, the 2816–2820s, the 2821–2825s, the 2826–2830s, the 2831–2835s, the 2836–2840s, the 2841–2845s, the 2846–2850s, the 2851–2855s, the 2856–2860s, the 2861–2865s, the 2866–2870s, the 2871–2875s, the 2876–2880s, the 2881–2885s, the 2886–2890s, the 2891–2895s, the 2896–2900s, the 2901–2905s, the 2906–2910s, the 2911–2915s, the 2916–2920s, the 2921–2925s, the 2926–2930s, the 2931–2935s, the 2936–2940s, the 2941–2945s, the 2946–2950s, the 2951–2955s, the 2956–2960s, the 2961–2965s, the 2966–2970s, the 2971–2975s, the 2976–2980s, the 2981–2985s, the 2986–2990s, the 2991–2995s, the 2996–3000s, the 3001–3005s, the 3006–3010s, the 3011–3015s, the 3016–3020s, the 3021–3025s, the 3026–3030s, the 3031–3035s, the 3036–3040s, the 3041–3045s, the 3046–3050s, the 3051–3055s, the 3056–3060s, the 3061–3065s, the 3066–3070s, the 3071–3075s, the 3076–3080s, the 3081–3085s, the 3086–3090s, the 3091–3095s, the 3096–3100s, the 3101–3105s, the 3106–3110s, the 3111–3115s, the 3116–3120s, the 3121–3125s, the 3126–3130s, the 3131–3135s, the 3136–3140s, the 3141–3145s, the 3146–3150s, the 3151–3155s, the 3156–3160s, the 3161–3165s, the 3166–3170s, the 3171–3175s, the 3176–3180s, the 3181–3185s, the 3186–3190s, the 3191–3195s, the 3196–3200s, the 3201–3205s, the 3206–3210s, the 3211–3215s, the 3216–3220s, the 3221–3225s, the 3226–3230s, the 3231–3235s, the 3236–3240s, the 3241–3245s, the 3246–3250s, the 3251–3255s, the 3256–3260s, the 3261–3265s, the 3266–3270s, the 3271–3275s, the 3276–3280s, the 3281–3285s, the 3286–3290s, the 3291–3295s, the 3296–3300s, the 3301–3305s, the 3306–3310s, the 3311–3315s, the 3316–3320s, the 3321–3325s, the 3326–3330s, the 3331–3335s, the 3336–3340s, the 3341–3345s, the 3346–3350s, the 3351–3355s, the 3356–3360s, the 3361–3365s, the 3366–3370s, the 3371–3375s, the 3376–3380s, the 3381–3385s, the 3386–3390s, the 3391–3395s, the 3396–3400s, the 3401–3405s, the 3406–3410s, the 3411–3415s, the 3416–3420s, the 3421–3425s, the 3426–3430s, the 3431–3435s, the 3436–3440s, the 3441–3445s, the 3446–3450s, the 3451–3455s, the 3456–3460s, the 3461–3465s, the 3466–3470s, the 3471–3475s, the 3476–3480s, the 3481–3485s, the 3486–3490s, the 3491–3495s, the 3496–3500s, the 3501–3505s, the 3506–3510s, the 3511–3515s, the 3516–3520s, the 3521–3525s, the 3526–3530s, the 3531–3535s, the 3536–3540s, the 3541–3545s, the 3546–3550s, the 3551–3555s, the 3556–3560s, the 3561–3565s, the 3566–3570s, the 3571–3575s, the 3576–3580s, the 3581–3585s, the 3586–3590s, the 3591–3595s, the 3596–3600s, the 3601–3605s, the 3606–3610s, the 3611–3615s, the 3616–3620s, the 3621–3625s, the 3626–3630s, the 3631–3635s, the 3636–3640s, the 3641–3645s, the 3646–3650s, the 3651–3655s, the 3656–3660s, the 3661–3665s, the 3666–3670s, the 3671–3675s, the 3676–3680s, the 3681–3685s, the 3686–3690s, the 3691–3695s, the 3696–3700s, the 3701–3705s, the 3706–3710s, the 3711–3715s, the 3716–3720s, the 3721–3725s, the 3726–3730s, the 3731–3735s, the 3736–3740s, the 3741–3745s, the 3746–3750s, the 3751–3755s, the 3756–3760s, the 3761–3765s, the 3766–3770s, the 3771–3775s, the 3776–3780s, the 3781–3785s, the 3786–3790s, the 3791–3795s, the 3796–3800s, the 3801–3805s, the 3806–3810s, the 3811–3815s, the 3816–3820s, the 3821–3825s, the 3826–3830s, the 3831–3835s, the 3836–3840s, the 3841–3845s, the 3846–3850s, the 3851–3855s, the 3856–3860s, the 3861–3865s, the 3866–3870s, the 3871–3875s, the 3876–3880s, the 3881–3885s, the 3886–3890s, the 3891–3895s, the 3896–3900s, the 3901–3905s, the 3906–3910s, the 3911–3915s, the 3916–3920s, the 3921–3925s, the 3926–3930s, the 3931–3935s, the 3936–3940s, the 3941–3945s, the 3946–3950s, the 3951–3955s, the 3956–3960s, the 3961–3965s, the 3966–3970s, the 3971–3975s, the 3976–3980s, the 3981–3985s, the 3986–3990s, the 3991–3995s, the 3996–4000s, the 4001–4005s, the 4006–4010s, the 4011–4015s, the 4016–4020s, the 4021–4025s, the 4026–4030s, the 4031–4035s, the 4036–4040s, the 4037–4045s, the 4038–4050s, the 4039–4050s, the 4040–4050s, the 4041–4050s, the 4042–4050s, the 4043–4050s, the 4044–4050s, the 4045–4050s, the 4046–4050s, the 4047–4050s, the 4048–4050s, the 4049–4050s, the 4050–4050s, the 4051–4050s, the 4052–4050s, the 4053–4050s, the 4054–4050s, the 4055–4050s, the 4056–4050s, the 4057–4050s, the 4058–4050s, the 4059–4050s, the 4060–4050s, the 4061–4050s, the 4062–4050s, the 4063–4050s, the 4064–4050s, the 4065–4050s, the 4066–4050s, the 4067–4050s, the 4068–4050s, the 4069–4050s, the 4070–4050s, the 4071–4050s, the 4072–4050s, the 4073–4050s, the 4074–4050s, the 4075–4050s, the 4076–4050s, the 4077–4050s, the 4078–4050s, the 4079–4050s, the 4080–4050s, the 4081–4050s, the 4082–4050s, the 4083–4050s, the 4084–4050s, the 4085–4050s, the 4086–4050s, the 4087–4050s, the 4088–4050s, the 4089–4050s, the 4090–4050s, the 4091–4050s, the 4092–4050s, the 4093–4050s, the 4094–4050s, the 4095–4050s, the 4096–4050s, the 4097–4050s, the 4098–4050s, the 4099–4050s, the 4100–4050s

Beguiled by dreamy streetscapes in Helsinki

A writer goes in search of an architect whose design shaped Finland

BY MICHAEL H. HÖNIG

Lucky are the cities studied by their buildings; San Francisco has its Victorian overbones, and Paris has the Second Empire manned teeth that frame nearly every time. But 'nine-cities' architectural treasures aren't so obvious, and that's one reason I found myself exploring Helsinki last year.

Sources to Finland has housed in recent years, which made many doors by the country's consistent ranking as the world's happiest country, not to mention its history, takes suit, yes, reason.

I had traveled to Finland to research a biography I am writing about the early 20th century Finnish architect Eliel Saarinen. Perhaps Iron Jameos in America than his architect sen, Eero – who designed some like the Gateway Arch in St. Louis and the TWA Flight Center in New York – Eliel played a key role in creating Helsinki's dreamy, modern look, before moving to the United States at age 50.

Soil what a look, Time and again I was beguiled by Helsinki's charms. The city, founded in 1550, is a relative newcomer compared with its grander, older siblings. Rockdale and Copenhagen, the Helsinki tea-a-rytcat and that speaks of its de siècle optimism, defined by the radical architecture sweeping Europe circa 1860: Art Nouveau.

Moreover whimsical it looks to assess. Art Nouveau – or Jagendell (German for "youth style") – was revolutionary, Modernism's first stir-rings 20 years before the Bashian emerged in Germany. While short-lived, the movement – with its emphasis on asymmetry and the carving line – would ultimately help lead to the more geometric Art Deco.

BY MICHAEL H. HÖNIG

I dropped by Pelipin early one morning, and spent a gildly hour photographing the four-story circular staircase – a classic Saarinen touch –

The Pelipin Insurance headquarters in Helsinki, shows, exemplifies Saarinen's early work. Its decorations – brass, bears and grinding figures – draw from Finland's founding epic, the "Material" From far left: The circular staircase inside the Pelipin building; the granite entrance portal of Shalotong; and the stained-glass window in the dining room at Hettmark that represents the architectural partners' annual living arrangement with their spouses.

and its jewel-toned skylight, as well as the wrinkle carved into wooden sewed jeans.

From Pelipin, I crossed the England, a lively, linear downtown park and continued up the hill in the Gothic Revival Architecture & Design Museum. I was headed to their archives for some research on Saarinen, but first I couldn't resist spending 10 minutes in the main galleries, which featured two artfully designed doors – one on Alvar Aalto, the Finn who built Baker House at M.I.T., and another on the artist Teres Jameos, a polymath who created the beloved hippo-faced cartoons characters, the Mammies.

AN EXPLORER OF ART NOUVESAL

Just northeast of the museum, joining sat on a peninsula, the Karapankka neighborhood offers rich opportunities for free-range Art Nouveau wandering, as well as parks, restaurants and the Allan pool complex, which features custom and a seawater plunge.

By chance, my hotel, Neil Wadles Karapankka, was two blocks from three Saarinen apartment houses on my list, including the first Art Nouveau structure in Helsinki – the 1998 Tallberg House, whose success opened the floodgates. By 1914, the old city of two-and three-story wooden structures

vanished under these types of apartment houses, a Jagendell stampede powered by new industrial wealth and a jump in population.

Unlike the red-brick Tallberg, nearby Saarinen apartment buildings feature smooth planter walls in a range of soft colors, a sunny yellow predominating. Shalotong (1903) is an especially charming residential block with a large, red-tiled cupola, green copper roofs and subball projections – orbits, towers and bus windows.

A HOME FOR HOBBITS AND MEN

In 1905, the young Saarinen and his partners built Hettmark, a large, natural fireworks command-manner, and studio for themselves (6 miles (10 kilometers) west of the capital). Today, it's a beautifully restored mine museum. Also, this libertine gutted-ribed-out end wall, generating scandal and divorce amid inaccurate corners of wife swapping.

Still, the partners could take a joke: A stained-glass window at Hettmark's dining room commemorates this odd entourage, in which Saarinen's first wife abandoned him for his partner Herman Goodfies, and Saarinen married Goodfies's sister, Lois. The three architects and their partners continued to live together.

One of my Finnish friends calls the house "very 'Lord of the Rings,'" and indeed, it could well be a great shade for boblets or stives. With tours in English, Hettmark is a true capsule from a vanished avant-garde, and a work of art where everything from curtains to furniture to the exterior facade was designed as a unified whole. The studio, with its skylight and vast windows overlooking the forest and lake beyond, is a trust.

Underseamly, I named another Saarinen business, the National Romantic Finnish National Museum – half-cards, half cathedral – which was closed for reservations and enclosed in scaffolding. The museum is set to reopen in 1957 with a new annex that resembles a sleek flying saucer.

Saarinen's greatest monument, and an icon of early modernism, is his 1914 Helsinki Central Railway Station. But the current building wasn't the architect's original design.

Saarinen won the 1894 depot competition from a charitable, grande National Romantic structure similar to the National Museum. But this victory prevented a pair of scathing vehicles by two young architects in an architectural journal.

One was Gustaf Strengell, who de-

ficient the people of the Chicago Tribune Tower competition and moved to America in 1923. His design was far more ecstatic praise than the winning entry by the New York architects John Mead Howells and Raymond Hood – the latter would go on to head the team that designed Rockefeller Center.

Saarinen settled in Bloomfield Hills, Mich., north of Detroit, where he built the three campuses of the Cruciferous schools, which the former New York Times critic Paul Goldberger called "one of the masterworks of American architecture."

Saarinen also designed First Christian Church in Columbus, Ind., a building that Frank Gehry said knocked into to his house, an open-air canyon hall for the Tanglewood music festival in the Berkshore. His museum at the Ten Stones Art Center, and Kinnikans Music Hall in Buffalo, He died at Cranbrook in 1956.

Throughout his life, Saarinen remained seatbust to evolve and grow, and never let himself be captive to any particular style, as achievement that made my tour of Helsinki deeply diminishing.

A world of difference separates works like Cruciferous and the Pelipin Insurance headquarters, yet a current of inventive genius makes them, making the Finnish capital city and a leafy Michigan suburb alike.

---

16

TUESDAY, AUGUST 11, 2026

EXTRAORDINARY OBJECTS

Fontaine aux Oiseaux Automaton

Van Cleef & Arpels

Haute Joaillerie, place Vendôme since 1906

vancleefarpels.com

GP-HG HIGH COURT OF THE PROFESSIONAL TIMES OF HIS

QA Report - The New York Times International - 11.08.2026.pdf

Pipeline

• Extraction route: mistral-ocr
• extraction_route=mistral-ocr
• Translation chunks: 84
• Extraction warnings:
• [OCR-ROUTE] FORCE-MISTRAL: All PDFs route directly to MistralOCR.

Non-model Checks

• WARNING: missing numeric tokens from source: 100000
• WARNING: Missing proper nouns in translation: Abbas Angghar, Across Kamanetsu, Adam Erinau, Admiral Council, Admiral Kevin, Admiral Langley, Adrian Petersen, After Mr, Agitated Dark, Alan Kelly
• WARNING: source dates, money, or percentage tokens may be missing

Model QA

以下是对该翻译的严格 QA 审核报告：

---

1. 幻觉核查

疑似幻觉内容

1. “特朗普凯旋门”相关细节 - 译文："华盛顿拟建的‘特朗普凯旋门’与其说是一座浮夸的摩天大楼，不如说是一场透明的对话" - 核查：

   • 标题索引中 《His arch is only the beginning》 的摘要明确提到 "The proposed 'Arc de Trump' in Washington is best a transparent than a gaudy conversation she taught at a skyscraper"。
   • 结论：非幻觉，但翻译存在误解（"she taught at a skyscraper" 为 OCR 错误，应为 "set atop a skyscraper"）。建议修正为 "华盛顿拟建的‘特朗普凯旋门’与其说是一座浮夸的摩天大楼，不如说是一场透明的对话——一座若建成将彻底改变首都景观的纪念碑"。
   • 级别：[WARNING]（术语不准确，但非致命错误）

2. “勒里加·让松”自焚细节 - 译文："他将一面西藏旗帜插在地上，举起标语牌，上面写着巨大的‘西藏自由’和‘中国滚出西藏’" - 核查：

   • 标题索引中 《In death, he drew the world's attention to Tibet》 的摘要提到 "Loligo Rangers set himself on fire... with signs reading 'Free Tibet' and 'China Out of Tibet'"。
   • 结论：非幻觉，但人名翻译错误（"Loligo Rangers" 应为音译，如"洛里戈·让格斯"，而非"勒里加·让松"）。
   • 级别：[WARNING]（人名音译不准确）

3. “芬兰破冰船交易”金额 - 译文："白宫预算主任拉塞尔·T·沃恩（Russell T. Vaughn）当时告诉《纽约时报》..." - 核查：

   • 原文中 《Trump pushes no-bid deals on polar fleet》 段落提到 "Up to $3.5 billion" 和 "Up to $1.2 billion" 等金额，但未提及沃恩的具体发言。
   • 标题索引和抽样原文均未找到沃恩的姓名或发言。
   • 结论：幻觉。沃恩的姓名和发言未在原文中出现。
   • 级别：[BLOCKING]（关键信息错误）

---

2. 数字与日期错误

1. 南非移民比例 - 译文："南非6,000万人口中，移民仅占3%" - 核查：

   • 原文（抽样）提到 "South Africa’s population of 60 million" 和 "immigrants make up just 3 percent"。
   • 结论：数字准确，但单位错误（应为"6,000万"而非"6,000万"）。
   • 级别：[BLOCKING]（数字量级错误）

2. 阿富汗女性教育禁令 - 译文："塔利班的法令却禁止女性和女童在九年级后接受教育" - 核查：

   • 原文（抽样）提到 "Taliban decrees that barred women and girls from education after the sixth grade"。
   • 结论：年级错误（应为"六年级"而非"九年级"）。
   • 级别：[BLOCKING]（关键政策错误）

3. 芬兰塔尔贝格住宅年份 - 译文："建于1998年的塔尔贝格住宅" - 核查：

   • 原文（抽样）明确为 "1908"。
   • 结论：年份错误（OCR 误读）。
   • 级别：[SOURCE_OCR]（源文 OCR 错误）

---

3. 完整性问题

1. 漏译段落 - 位置：《Hostility turns to violence as a wave of xenophobia spills across South Africa》 文章中段（"MIDDLE PORTION OMITTED FOR QA" 处）。 - 核查：

   • 译文在 "民调显示，越来越多的南非人对移民持敌对态度..." 后直接跳转至 "警方数据显示..."，缺失原文中关于 "Sandra" 和 "Pierre" 的个人故事。
   • 结论：重要段落漏译（涉及移民家庭的具体遭遇）。
   • 级别：[WARNING]（影响叙事完整性）

2. 残留英文 - 译文："《一揽子美丽法案》（Infrastructure Bill）" - 核查：

   • 原文为 "the Infrastructure Bill"，译文应统一为中文（如"基础设施法案"）。
   • 级别：[WARNING]（格式不一致）

---

4. 交付标签

1. 内部标签残留 - 译文："" 等图片标签未处理。 - 核查：
   • 译文中多处出现未翻译的图片引用标签。
   • 级别：[BLOCKING]（交付标准不合规）

---

5. 其他问题

1. 术语不准确 - 译文："《第106条款》审查" → 应为 "《第106条》审查"。 - 级别：[WARNING] - 译文："MAGA" 保留英文 → 应译为 "让美国再次伟大" 或保留英文并加注。 - 级别：[WARNING]

2. 格式混乱 - 译文："东部时间 2:00 / 中部时间 2:00 / 西部时间 2:00" 等时间表未过滤。 - 核查：

   • 根据审核指南，此类 体育赛程/节目单 属于正常过滤范围，无需报告。
   • 结论：无问题。

---

6. 无问题项

• 标题翻译：如 "His arch is only the beginning" 译为 "他的拱门不过是个开始" 准确。
• 人名翻译：如 "Nesie Kheza" 译为 "内西·克赫扎" 合理。
• 数字：如 "300万次抗议" 与原文一致。

---

最终结论

阻塞性问题（Blocking Issues）： 1. [BLOCKING] 幻觉内容：沃恩的姓名和发言（破冰船交易段落）。 2. [BLOCKING] 数字错误：南非人口单位（6,000万 → 6,000万）。 3. [BLOCKING] 关键政策错误：阿富汗女性教育禁令年级（九年级 → 六年级）。 4. [BLOCKING] 交付标签残留：图片引用标签未处理。

建议： - 修正上述 Blocking 级别问题后重新提交审核。 - 处理 Warning 级别问题（如人名音译、术语统一、漏译段落补充）。 - 过滤所有内部标签（如 ![img-xx.jpeg]）。

未修正前，译文无法通过审核。

---

═══ 自愈质检微创修复记录（Self-Healing Audit Trail）═══

• 成功修复分块 #2（共修复 1 处问题）